CHINA’S ROAD AND BELT INITIATIVE EFFECTS’ ON TURKISH ENERGY SECTOR

Year 2020, Issue: 11, 37 - 62, 29.02.2020

Yahya Algül

https://doi.org/10.33404/anasay.680529

Cited By: 2

Abstract

The Belt and Road initiative which was brought up by the Chinese President Xi Jinping, during the his visit of the countries of Central Asia and Southeast Asia region on September 10, 2013, has made a worldwide impression. Turkey both as a transit country located in between Asia and Europe which constitutes a large portion of world energy demand, and also by its proximity to the basins of world energy centers, is one of the most important countries of the belt. China’s Energy sector investments in Turkey between 2005 and 2018 constitutes 63.1% of all investments made in Turkey which, demonstrates the need of China to Turkey in the energy leg of the Road and Belt initiative. In our study, opportunities that the Belt and Road project offers for the Turkish energy sector are examined under three headings. Under the assumption that Turkey will continue to its rapid growth, the new energy resources that will be achieved through Belt and Road initiative offers opportunities to Turkey to meet its rising energy demand. Also thanks to the project, Turkey's energy supply security can be placed on a more solid foundation by increasing the diversification of source countries. Finally Turkey, as an only transit country for now, through new energy resources and new markets for energy that will be attained by the Belt and Road Initiative, Turkey will be able to strengthen her position to be a global energy hub.

Keywords

Belt and Road Initiative, New Silk Road Project, Turkish Energy Sector

ÇİN’İN KUŞAK VE YOL PROJESİNİN TÜRKİYE ENERJİ SEKTÖRÜNE YANSIMALARI

Abstract

Çin devlet başkanı Xi Jinping 10 Eylül 2013 tarihli Orta Asya ve Güneydoğu Asya bölgesi ülkeleri ziyareti sırasında gündeme getirdiği Kuşak ve Yol girişimi tüm dünyada ses getirmiştir. Türkiye dünya enerji talebinin büyük kısmını oluşturan Asya ve Avrupa arasında dünya enerji havzalarının merkezindeki transit konumuyla kuşak üzerindeki en önemli ülkelerden biridir. Çin’in Türkiye’de 2005 ve 2018 yılları arasında yapmış olduğu tüm yatırımların %63,1’ini sadece enerji sektörünün oluşturması Kuşak ve Yol projesinin enerji ayağında Çin’in Türkiye’ye olan ihtiyacını göstermektedir. Çalışmamızda kazan kazan ilkesi bağlamında Kuşak ve Yol projesinin Türk enerji sektörü için yaratabileceği fırsatlar üç başlık altında incelenmiştir. Türkiye’nin hızlı büyümesini gelecekte de sürdüreceği varsayımı altında artacak olan enerji ihtiyacının sağlanmasında Kuşak ve Yol projesi vasıtasıyla ulaşılacak yeni enerji kaynakları bu fırsatlardan biridir. Ayrıca proje sayesinde Türkiye’nin enerji arz güvenliği kaynak ülke çeşitlendirmesi artırılarak daha sağlam bir temele oturtulabilecektir. Son olarak hâlihazırda enerjide sadece bir transit ülke konumunda bulunan Türkiye proje sayesinde elde edebileceği enerji kaynakları ve bu kaynakları pazarlayabileceği yeni pazarlar sayesinde küresel bir enerji merkezi olma iddiasını güçlendirebilecektir.

Keywords

Kuşak ve Yol, Yeni İpek Yolu, Türk Enerji Sektörü

References

• AYDIN, Figen (2018), Kuşak Ve Yol Projesinin Ekonomi Politiği Ve Türkistan, Ankara: Gazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi).
• BALAT, Mustafa. (2010), "Security of Energy Supply in Turkey: Challenges and Solutions." Energy Conversion and Management 51.10: 1998-2011.
• BİLGİN, Mert. (2009) "Fosil, Yenilenebilir ve Nükleer Yakıtların Neopolitik Anlamı–Türkiye’nin Durumu ve Gelecek Alternatifleri." Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi 5.20: 57-88.
• BİLGİN, Mert. (2010), "Turkey's Energy Strategy: What Dıfference Does It Make To Become An Energy Transıt Corrdıor, Hub Or Center?." Revista UNISCI 23: 113-128.
• CANDELA, Ana Maria (2013), "Qiaoxiang on the Silk Road." Critical Asian Studies 45.3: 431-458.
• DİLEK, Şerif - vd. (2019) Asya Yüzyılında Türkiye-Çin Ekonomik İlişkileri İstanbul: SETA Yayınları.
• DUAN, Fei - vd (2018) "Energy İnvestment Risk Assessment for Nations Along China’s Belt & Road Initiative." Journal Of Cleaner Production 170: 535-547.
• DUAN, Fei - vd. (2018) “Energy Investment Risk Assessment for Nations along China’s Belt & Road Initiative”. Journal of Cleaner Production 170: 535–547
• Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanlığı, (2018) Ulusal Enerji Verimliliği Eylem Planı 2017-2023 http://www.yegm.gov.tr/document/20180102M1_2018.pdf
• FURUNCU, Yunus (2018), "Tanap’ın Orta Asya Ve Avrupa Enerji Pazarlarına Etkisi." Yönetim ve Ekonomi: Celal Bayar Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 25.2: 543-561.
• GUO, Fei-fei - vd. (2019), "Strategic Analysis on the Construction of New Energy Corridor China–Pakistan–Iran–Turkey." Energy Reports 5: 828-841.
• HAN, Lei - vd. (2018), "Energy Efficiency Convergence Across Countries in The Context Of China’s Belt And Road İnitiative." Applied Energy 213: 112-122.
• HOU, Jianchao - vd. (2018), "How to Improve the Competiveness of Natural Gas in China with Energy Internet and “The Belt and Road Initiative”." International Journal of Energy Research 42.15: 4562-4583.
• http://www.tpao.gov.tr/?mod=sektore-dair&contID=39 Erişim tarihi: 2020.01.25.
• https://tr.sputniknews.com/infografik/201904221038839088-turkiye-gaz-enerji-ithalat-iran-rusya-azerbaycan-katar/ Erişim tarihi: 2020.01.25.
• https://www.ancient.eu/image/8327/map-of-the-silk-road-routes/ Erişim tarihi: 2019.08.29,
• https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-11/backlash-could-cost-xi-s-belt-and-road-800-billion-report-says Erişim tarihi: 2019.09.01.
• https://www.enerji.gov.tr/tr-TR/Sayfalar/Dogal-Gaz-Boru-Hatlari-ve-Projeleri Erişim tarihi: 2019.09.14.
• https://www.enerji.gov.tr/tr-TR/Sayfalar/Petrol-Boru-Hatlari Erişim tarihi: 2019.09.12.
• HUANG, Yiling. (2017), "Research on Chinese Energy Investment in Turkey under the Silk Road Strategy." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. Vol. 94. No. 1: 1-6
• Lİ, Kevin X - vd. (2018), "Diversification as an Energy Importing Strategy for China under the Belt and Road Initiative." International Journal of Shipping and Transport Logistics 10.3: 335-354.
• Lİ, Weidong, - Olli-Pekka HİLMOLA, (2019), "One Belt And One Road: Literature Analysis." Transport and Telecommunication Journal 20.3: 260-268.
• MUSTAFİĆ, Almir. (2016) "China’s One Belt, One Road and Energy Security Initiatives: A Plan to Conquer the World?." Inquiry-Sarajevo Journal of Social Science 2.2: 107-134.
• ÖZDAŞLİ, Esme (2015), "Çin'in Yeni İpek Yolu Projesi Ve Küresel Etkileri." Electronic Turkish Studies 10.14: 579-596
• QİAN, Xuming, (2016) "The Belt and Road Initiatives and China’s Middle East Energy Policy." International Relations and Diplomacy 4.10: 611-616.
• SARKER, Md Nazirul Islam - vd. (2018), "Oil, Gas And Energy Business Under One Belt One Road Strategic Context." Open Journal of Social Sciences 6.4: 119-134.
• SHAİKH, Faheemullah - vd., (2016) "Prospects Of Pakistan–China Energy And Economic Corridor." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 59: 253-263.
• TABARU, İbrahim Aytuğ, (2014), Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Uluslararası İlişkiler ABD. "Türkiye Trans Anadolu Doğalgaz Boru Hattı (Tanap) İle Enerji Kavşağı Olma Yolunda Mı?"
• TAT, Huam Hon - vd. (2018), "Globalization, Colonialism and the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI): A Review of Literature." The Journal of Social Sciences Research Special Issue. 2: 98-103.
• WANG, Jie - vd. (2019) "Topic Mining of Chinese Scientific Literature Research About “The Belt and Road Initiative” Based on LDA Model from the Sub Disciplinary Perspective." International Conference on Data Mining and Big Data. Springer, Singapore,.
• XİN, Ning - LİAO Jingjing, (2017), "History of the Silk Road." Chronos 36: 167-195.
• XU, Li-jun - vd. (2017) "Renewable and Sustainable Energy of Xinjiang and Development Strategy of Node Areas İn The “Silk Road Economic Belt”." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 79: 274-285.
• ZHAO, Yabo - vd. (2019), "Energy relations between China and the countries along the Belt and Road: An analysis of the distribution of energy resources and interdependence relationships." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 107: 133-144.