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İran Dış Politikasında Süreklilik ve Değişim: Suriye Analizi

Year 2017, Volume: 1 Issue: 3, 205 - 228, 23.12.2017

Abstract

1979 İslam Devrimden
sonra emperyalizm karşısında, ideoloji eksenli bir dış politika güdülmüş,
İran-Irak savaşı sonrasındaki değişimlerle Tahran yalnızlaşma politikasını çok
yönlü bir dış politikaya dönüştürmüştür. 11 Eylül terör saldırılarıyla değişen güç
dengesi de ideoloji eksenli dış politikayı yeniden tetiklemiştir. 11 Eylül
öncesi İran dış politikasında hâkim olan diyalog söylemleri, yerini ideoloji ve
kimlik eksenli çatışmacı bir dış politikaya bırakmıştır. Bu çatışmacı söylem
Ruhani döneminde azalsa da ideoloji ve kimlik eksenli dış politika devam etmektedir.
İran’ın Suriye politikası, ulusal güvenlik, Şii Hilali, jeopolitik ve bölgesel
güç dinamikleriyle şekillenmekte, İran dış politikasındaki materyalist
unsurlardan farklı dinamikleri de göstermektedir.




References

  • “’Iranians’ voice echoed in Muslim world”, Press TV, February 2011, http://www.presstv.ir/detail/163526.html, (Accessed on 01.01.2013). “Hassan-Khani: Iran and Turkey Can Adopt a Cooperative Competition,” in an interview with ORSAM Middle East Advisor Pınar Arıkan, ORSAM, ORSAM Guest, 19 December 2011,http://www.orsam.org.tr/en/showOrsamGuest.aspx?ID=263 (Accessed on 11.01.2012).
  • “Hatay’da mühimmat yüklü TIR şoku”, CNNTÜRK, 02. 01.2014, http://www.cnnturk.com/turkiye/hatayda-muhimmat-yuklu-tir-soku, (Accessed on 04.05.2015).
  • “Khatami Speaks of Dialogue Among Civilizations,” Iranian Diplomacy, 2 October 2000, http://www.irdiplomacy.ir/en/page/8798/Khatami+Speaks+of+Dialogue+among+Civilizations.html (Accessed on 19.06.2017).
  • “Khomeini: ‘We Shall Confront the World with Our Ideology,’” http://www.merip.org/mer/mer88/khomeini-we-shall-confront-world-our-ideology (Accessed on 16.06.2017).
  • “Leader calls for ‘Islamic power bloc’”, Press TV, November 5, 2011, http://www.presstv.ir/detail/208487.html (Accessed on 20.08.2012).
  • “Leader: Regional revolts anti-US in core” Press TV, July 1, 2011, http://www.presstv.ir/detail/186935.html (Accessed on August 2012).
  • ABDO Geneive, “The New Sectarianism: The Arab Uprisings and The Rebirth of the Shia’a Sunni Divide”, The Saban Center for Middle East Policy at Brookings, Analysis Paper, No:29, April 2013, p. 4.
  • AFRASIABI Kaveh-Abbas Maleki, “Iran’s Foreign Policy After 11 September,” The Brown Journal of World Affairs Vol: IX, Issue: 2, Winter/Spring 2003, p. 256.
  • ALAM Shah, “The Changing Paradigm of Iranian Foreign Policy Under Khatami,” Strategic Analysis, Vol: 24, No: 9, 2000, p. 1631.
  • AZAD, Nerina, “İran’ın Suriye’ye gönderdiği şii milis sayısı açıklandı”, Nerinaazad.net, 12 May 2016, http://www.nerinaazad.net/news/regions/iran/iranin-suriyeye-gonderdigi-sii-milis-sayisi-aciklandi, (Accessed on 20.12.2016).
  • BARZEGAR Kayhan, “Iran’s Foreign Policy Strategy After Saddam,” The Washington Quarterly, January 2010, p. 181.
  • BARZEGAR Kayhan, “Who Determines Iran’s Foreign Policy,” Al Monitor, 26 March 2015, http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2015/03/iran-khamenei-decisions-snsc.html, (Accessed on 15.06.2017).
  • BARZEGAR, Kayhan, “Iran and The Shiite Crescent: Myths and Realities”, The Brown Journal of World Affairs, Fall/Winter, Volume: XV, Issue: 1, 2008, p. 90.
  • BISHARA Marwan, “How Will May 19 Election Shape Iran’s Foreign Policy?” Al-Jazeera, 15 May 2017, http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/05/19-election-shape-iran-foreign-policy-170515074230085.html, (Accessed on 20.06.2017).
  • ÇEKIRGE Fatih, “2 İran uçağına ’in’ emri”, Hürriyet, 17 Ağustos 2016, http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/2-iran-ucagina-in-emri-4933877, (Accessed on 10.12.2016).
  • DJALILI Mohammad-Reza et al., “Iran’s Syria policy in the wake of the ‘Arab Springs’,” Turkish Review, Vol: 4, No: 4, 2014, p 396-405.
  • EROL, Mehmet Seyfettin-Şafak Oğuz, “Hybrid Warfare Studies and Russia’s Example in Crimea”, Gazi Akademik Bakış, Cilt: 9, Sayı: 17, Kış 2015, p. 261-277.
  • EROL, Mehmet Seyfettin, “11 Eylül Sonrası Türk Dış Politikasında Vizyon Arayışları ve ‘Dört Tarz-ı Siyaset’”, Gazi Akademik Bakış, Cilt: 1, Sayı: 1, Kış: 2007, s. 33-55.
  • FATHI Nazila, “A Nation Challenged: The Rogue List; Bush’s ‘Evil’ Label Rejected by Angry Iranian Leaders”, New York Times, 1 February 2002.
  • HILAL Firas Abu, “Iran and the Arab Revolutions: Positions and Repercussions”, Doha Institute, Doha, September 2011, p. 8.
  • HUNTER Shirin T., Iran and the World: Continuity in a Revolutionary Decade, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, 1990.
  • HUWAIDIN Mohamed Bin, “The Security Dilemma in Saudi-Iranian Relations”, Review of History and Political Science, Vol: 3, No: 2, December 2015, p. 75.
  • JAHNER Ariel, “Saudi Arabia and Iran: The Struggle for Power and Influence in the Gulf”, International Affairs Review, Vol: XX, No: 3, Spring 2012, p. 44.
  • LUOMI Mari, “Sectarian Identities or Geopolıtıcs? The Regional Shia-Sunni Divide in the Middle East”, Working Papers 56, The Finnish Institute of International Affairs, 2008, p.5.
  • MAHALLATI Mohammad, “The Middle East: In Search of an Equilibrium between Transcendent Idealism and Practicality,” Journal of International Affairs, Vol: 50, Issue: 1, Summer 1996.
  • MARK Gasiorowski, “The New Aggressiveness in Iran’s Foreign Policy,” Middle East Policy, Vol: XIV, No: 2, Summer 2007.
  • NAJI Kasra, Ahmadinejad: The Secret History of Iran’s Radical Leader, I.B. Tauris, London-New York 2009.
  • NASR Vali, The Shia Revival: How Conflicts within Islam will Shape the Future, W.W. Norton Company, New York-London, 2006.
  • NASUR Nader-Ibrahim M. Bani, “Syria-Iran Relations (2000-2014)”, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, Vol: 4, No: 12, October 2014, p. 80.
  • OSPINA Mariano V. et al., “Syria, Iran, and Hizballah: A Strategic Alliance”, Global Security Studies, Vol: 5, Issue: 1, Winter 2014, p. 27.
  • RAMAZANI R. K., “Iran’s Foreign Policy: Both North and South,” Middle East Journal, Vol: 46, No: 3, Summer 1992.
  • SADRI Houman A., “Trends in the Foreign Policy of Revolutionary Iran,” Journal of Third World Studies, Vol: XV, No: 1, 1998, p. 14.
  • SİNKAYA Bayram, “Arap Baharı Sürecinde İran’ın Suriye Politikası”, SETA Analiz, Sayı: 53, Nisan 2012.
  • SUSSER Asher, “Iran and the Arabs: The Historical Shift in the Balance of Power”, Strategic Assessment, Vol: 18, No: 3, October 2015, p. 16.
  • TZEMPRIN Athina et al., “The Middle East Cold War: Iran-Saudi Arabia and the Way Ahead”, Croatian Political Science Review, Vol: 52, No: 4-5, 2015, p. 188.
  • UZUN Özüm Sezin, Turkish-Iranian Relations in the 2000s: Rapprochement or Beyond? Unpublished PhD Thesis, Middle East Technical University, February 2012.
  • UZUN, Özüm Sezin, “The ‘Arab Spring’ and Its Effect on Turkish-Iranian Relations,” Ortadoğu Etütleri, Cilt: 4, Sayı: 2, Ocak 2013, p. 152.
  • YÜKSEL Erman, “İran’ın Suriye savaşı”, Aljazeera, 23 February 2014, http://www.aljazeera.com.tr/haber-analiz/iranin-suriye-savasi, (Accessed on 02.01.2016).
  • ZARİF Mohammad Javad, “What Iran Really Wants: Iranian Foreign Policy in the Rouhani Era,” Foreign Affairs, May/June 2014, pp. 7-8.

CONTINUITIES AND CHANGES IN IRAN’S FOREIGN POLICY: ANALYSIS OF SYRIAN CASE

Year 2017, Volume: 1 Issue: 3, 205 - 228, 23.12.2017

Abstract

In the post-1979 Islamic
Revolution, Iran conducted isolationist foreign policy with an anti-imperial
discourse. By the Iran-Iraq War, Iran transformed its isolationist foreign
policy to a multilateral one. Changes in the balance of power, due to the 9/11 terrorist
attacks, re-triggered ideology-oriented foreign policy in Iran It seems that
the conflictual discourse in Iran’s foreign policy has been decreasing during
the President Rouhani era, however, the ideology- and identity-oriented foreign
policy has been continuing. Iran’s foreign policy towards Syria has been shaped
by the following dynamics, such as national security, Shia Crescent, geopolitics and
regional balance of power, and also demonstrated the dynamics beyond the
materialist components in Iran’s foreign policy.




References

  • “’Iranians’ voice echoed in Muslim world”, Press TV, February 2011, http://www.presstv.ir/detail/163526.html, (Accessed on 01.01.2013). “Hassan-Khani: Iran and Turkey Can Adopt a Cooperative Competition,” in an interview with ORSAM Middle East Advisor Pınar Arıkan, ORSAM, ORSAM Guest, 19 December 2011,http://www.orsam.org.tr/en/showOrsamGuest.aspx?ID=263 (Accessed on 11.01.2012).
  • “Hatay’da mühimmat yüklü TIR şoku”, CNNTÜRK, 02. 01.2014, http://www.cnnturk.com/turkiye/hatayda-muhimmat-yuklu-tir-soku, (Accessed on 04.05.2015).
  • “Khatami Speaks of Dialogue Among Civilizations,” Iranian Diplomacy, 2 October 2000, http://www.irdiplomacy.ir/en/page/8798/Khatami+Speaks+of+Dialogue+among+Civilizations.html (Accessed on 19.06.2017).
  • “Khomeini: ‘We Shall Confront the World with Our Ideology,’” http://www.merip.org/mer/mer88/khomeini-we-shall-confront-world-our-ideology (Accessed on 16.06.2017).
  • “Leader calls for ‘Islamic power bloc’”, Press TV, November 5, 2011, http://www.presstv.ir/detail/208487.html (Accessed on 20.08.2012).
  • “Leader: Regional revolts anti-US in core” Press TV, July 1, 2011, http://www.presstv.ir/detail/186935.html (Accessed on August 2012).
  • ABDO Geneive, “The New Sectarianism: The Arab Uprisings and The Rebirth of the Shia’a Sunni Divide”, The Saban Center for Middle East Policy at Brookings, Analysis Paper, No:29, April 2013, p. 4.
  • AFRASIABI Kaveh-Abbas Maleki, “Iran’s Foreign Policy After 11 September,” The Brown Journal of World Affairs Vol: IX, Issue: 2, Winter/Spring 2003, p. 256.
  • ALAM Shah, “The Changing Paradigm of Iranian Foreign Policy Under Khatami,” Strategic Analysis, Vol: 24, No: 9, 2000, p. 1631.
  • AZAD, Nerina, “İran’ın Suriye’ye gönderdiği şii milis sayısı açıklandı”, Nerinaazad.net, 12 May 2016, http://www.nerinaazad.net/news/regions/iran/iranin-suriyeye-gonderdigi-sii-milis-sayisi-aciklandi, (Accessed on 20.12.2016).
  • BARZEGAR Kayhan, “Iran’s Foreign Policy Strategy After Saddam,” The Washington Quarterly, January 2010, p. 181.
  • BARZEGAR Kayhan, “Who Determines Iran’s Foreign Policy,” Al Monitor, 26 March 2015, http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2015/03/iran-khamenei-decisions-snsc.html, (Accessed on 15.06.2017).
  • BARZEGAR, Kayhan, “Iran and The Shiite Crescent: Myths and Realities”, The Brown Journal of World Affairs, Fall/Winter, Volume: XV, Issue: 1, 2008, p. 90.
  • BISHARA Marwan, “How Will May 19 Election Shape Iran’s Foreign Policy?” Al-Jazeera, 15 May 2017, http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/05/19-election-shape-iran-foreign-policy-170515074230085.html, (Accessed on 20.06.2017).
  • ÇEKIRGE Fatih, “2 İran uçağına ’in’ emri”, Hürriyet, 17 Ağustos 2016, http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/2-iran-ucagina-in-emri-4933877, (Accessed on 10.12.2016).
  • DJALILI Mohammad-Reza et al., “Iran’s Syria policy in the wake of the ‘Arab Springs’,” Turkish Review, Vol: 4, No: 4, 2014, p 396-405.
  • EROL, Mehmet Seyfettin-Şafak Oğuz, “Hybrid Warfare Studies and Russia’s Example in Crimea”, Gazi Akademik Bakış, Cilt: 9, Sayı: 17, Kış 2015, p. 261-277.
  • EROL, Mehmet Seyfettin, “11 Eylül Sonrası Türk Dış Politikasında Vizyon Arayışları ve ‘Dört Tarz-ı Siyaset’”, Gazi Akademik Bakış, Cilt: 1, Sayı: 1, Kış: 2007, s. 33-55.
  • FATHI Nazila, “A Nation Challenged: The Rogue List; Bush’s ‘Evil’ Label Rejected by Angry Iranian Leaders”, New York Times, 1 February 2002.
  • HILAL Firas Abu, “Iran and the Arab Revolutions: Positions and Repercussions”, Doha Institute, Doha, September 2011, p. 8.
  • HUNTER Shirin T., Iran and the World: Continuity in a Revolutionary Decade, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, 1990.
  • HUWAIDIN Mohamed Bin, “The Security Dilemma in Saudi-Iranian Relations”, Review of History and Political Science, Vol: 3, No: 2, December 2015, p. 75.
  • JAHNER Ariel, “Saudi Arabia and Iran: The Struggle for Power and Influence in the Gulf”, International Affairs Review, Vol: XX, No: 3, Spring 2012, p. 44.
  • LUOMI Mari, “Sectarian Identities or Geopolıtıcs? The Regional Shia-Sunni Divide in the Middle East”, Working Papers 56, The Finnish Institute of International Affairs, 2008, p.5.
  • MAHALLATI Mohammad, “The Middle East: In Search of an Equilibrium between Transcendent Idealism and Practicality,” Journal of International Affairs, Vol: 50, Issue: 1, Summer 1996.
  • MARK Gasiorowski, “The New Aggressiveness in Iran’s Foreign Policy,” Middle East Policy, Vol: XIV, No: 2, Summer 2007.
  • NAJI Kasra, Ahmadinejad: The Secret History of Iran’s Radical Leader, I.B. Tauris, London-New York 2009.
  • NASR Vali, The Shia Revival: How Conflicts within Islam will Shape the Future, W.W. Norton Company, New York-London, 2006.
  • NASUR Nader-Ibrahim M. Bani, “Syria-Iran Relations (2000-2014)”, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, Vol: 4, No: 12, October 2014, p. 80.
  • OSPINA Mariano V. et al., “Syria, Iran, and Hizballah: A Strategic Alliance”, Global Security Studies, Vol: 5, Issue: 1, Winter 2014, p. 27.
  • RAMAZANI R. K., “Iran’s Foreign Policy: Both North and South,” Middle East Journal, Vol: 46, No: 3, Summer 1992.
  • SADRI Houman A., “Trends in the Foreign Policy of Revolutionary Iran,” Journal of Third World Studies, Vol: XV, No: 1, 1998, p. 14.
  • SİNKAYA Bayram, “Arap Baharı Sürecinde İran’ın Suriye Politikası”, SETA Analiz, Sayı: 53, Nisan 2012.
  • SUSSER Asher, “Iran and the Arabs: The Historical Shift in the Balance of Power”, Strategic Assessment, Vol: 18, No: 3, October 2015, p. 16.
  • TZEMPRIN Athina et al., “The Middle East Cold War: Iran-Saudi Arabia and the Way Ahead”, Croatian Political Science Review, Vol: 52, No: 4-5, 2015, p. 188.
  • UZUN Özüm Sezin, Turkish-Iranian Relations in the 2000s: Rapprochement or Beyond? Unpublished PhD Thesis, Middle East Technical University, February 2012.
  • UZUN, Özüm Sezin, “The ‘Arab Spring’ and Its Effect on Turkish-Iranian Relations,” Ortadoğu Etütleri, Cilt: 4, Sayı: 2, Ocak 2013, p. 152.
  • YÜKSEL Erman, “İran’ın Suriye savaşı”, Aljazeera, 23 February 2014, http://www.aljazeera.com.tr/haber-analiz/iranin-suriye-savasi, (Accessed on 02.01.2016).
  • ZARİF Mohammad Javad, “What Iran Really Wants: Iranian Foreign Policy in the Rouhani Era,” Foreign Affairs, May/June 2014, pp. 7-8.
There are 39 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Articles
Authors

Özüm Sezin Uzun This is me

Muharrem Ekşi

Publication Date December 23, 2017
Submission Date October 31, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 1 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Uzun, Ö. S., & Ekşi, M. (2017). İran Dış Politikasında Süreklilik ve Değişim: Suriye Analizi. Bölgesel Araştırmalar Dergisi, 1(3), 205-228.
AMA Uzun ÖS, Ekşi M. İran Dış Politikasında Süreklilik ve Değişim: Suriye Analizi. BAD. December 2017;1(3):205-228.
Chicago Uzun, Özüm Sezin, and Muharrem Ekşi. “İran Dış Politikasında Süreklilik Ve Değişim: Suriye Analizi”. Bölgesel Araştırmalar Dergisi 1, no. 3 (December 2017): 205-28.
EndNote Uzun ÖS, Ekşi M (December 1, 2017) İran Dış Politikasında Süreklilik ve Değişim: Suriye Analizi. Bölgesel Araştırmalar Dergisi 1 3 205–228.
IEEE Ö. S. Uzun and M. Ekşi, “İran Dış Politikasında Süreklilik ve Değişim: Suriye Analizi”, BAD, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 205–228, 2017.
ISNAD Uzun, Özüm Sezin - Ekşi, Muharrem. “İran Dış Politikasında Süreklilik Ve Değişim: Suriye Analizi”. Bölgesel Araştırmalar Dergisi 1/3 (December 2017), 205-228.
JAMA Uzun ÖS, Ekşi M. İran Dış Politikasında Süreklilik ve Değişim: Suriye Analizi. BAD. 2017;1:205–228.
MLA Uzun, Özüm Sezin and Muharrem Ekşi. “İran Dış Politikasında Süreklilik Ve Değişim: Suriye Analizi”. Bölgesel Araştırmalar Dergisi, vol. 1, no. 3, 2017, pp. 205-28.
Vancouver Uzun ÖS, Ekşi M. İran Dış Politikasında Süreklilik ve Değişim: Suriye Analizi. BAD. 2017;1(3):205-28.