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MICROTHERMOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OXIDIZED TYPE W-SKARN, IN SUSURLUK, BALIKESIR, TURKEY

Year 2010, Volume: 141 Issue: 141, 53 - 68, 01.10.2010

Abstract

The Susurluk skarn deposit developed at the contacts of the Çataldağ Granitoid and Mesozoic carbonate rocks is represented by endo and exoskarn (proximal zone, distal zone and vein skarn) zones. The endoskarn zone which occurs in a limited area is characterized by clinopyroxene, plagioclase, sphene, orthoclase and quartz minerals. The exoskarn zone is composed mainly of clinopyroxene, vesuvianite, wollastonite and some accessory minerals such as calcite, quartz, plagioclase, orthoclase, scapolite, biotite, muscovite, sphene and chlorite and ore minerals of scheelite, chalcopyrite and bornite. The presence of anhydrous minerals such as garnet and clinopyroxene is indicative of prograde stage, and the absence of hydrous minerals such as epidote, amphibole and biotite indicates that retrograde stage was not developed. Microthermometric data on exoskarn zone reveal that boiling at temperatures of 587°-592°C took place at the first stage of skarnization. Solutions of the first stage in which scheelite mineralization occurred are characterized by homogenization temperatures of 587 to 600°C and salinity range of 11-16 wt% NaCI equivalent. At the second stage of skarnization, homogenization temperatures and salinities were recorded as 371 to 600°C and 36 to >70 wt% NaCI equivalent, respectively. High salinity values are attributed to boiling phenomenon. The Te values of fluid inclusions may indicate a solution composition of CaCl2+NaCl+KCl+H2O and the significant amount of carbonic additions to the system, CO2 (Te: -66 to -58°C) and CH4 (Te: -188 to -178°C). The Susurluk skarn deposit which entirely shows shallow skarn system characterized might have been formed at a pressure of around 1 kbar.

References

  • Akyüz, S, 1995. Manyas-Susurluk-Kepsut (Balıkesir) Civarının Jeolojisi. Ph.D. Thesis, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, 239 p. (unpub- lished) Turkish.
  • Arık, F., 1995. Serçeören-Örenli-Kansız (Kepsut- Balıkesir) Yöresi Vollastonit ve Talk Yatakları. M.Sc. Thesis, Selçuk University, Konya, 107 p. (unpublished) Turkish.
  • Bakker, R.J., 2003. Package FLUIDS 1. Computer programs for analysis of fluid inclusion data and for modelling bulk fluid properties. Chemical Geology, 194, 3-23.
  • Beane, R.E., 1983. The magmatic-meteoric transition. Geothermal Resource Council, Special Report no. 13, 245-253.
  • Bodnar, R.J., 1999. Hydrothermal solutions. in Marshall, C.P., and Fairbridge (eds.), Encyclopedia of geochemistry: Lancaster, Kluwer Academic Publishers, p. 333-337.
  • Boztuğ, D., Harlavan, Y, Jonckheere, Can, I.and Sarı, R., 2009. Geochemistry and K-Ar cooling ages of the Ilıca, Çataldağ (Balıkesir) and Kozak (Izmir) granitoids, west Anatolia. Turkey, Geological Journal, 44, 1, 79-103.
  • Çakır, A. and Genç, H., 1983. Balıkesir-Susurluk- Yaylaçayır Köyü, Bursa-Mustafakemalpaşa Ilçesi Paşalar Köyü-Bıçkıdere-Farafat Alanın- daki Vollastonit MTA Report No: 7299, 11 p. (unpublished) Ankara.
  • Einaudi, M.T, Meinert, L.D and Newberry, R.J., 1981. Skarn deposits. Economic Geology, 75, 317- 391. and Burt, D.M, A, 1982. Special Issue Devoted to Skarn Deposits, Introduction-terminology, classification and composition of skarn deposits. Economic Geology, 77, 745-754,.
  • Ercan, T., Ergül, E., Akçaören, F., Çetin, A., Granit, S. and Asutay, J., 1990. Balıkesir-Bandırma arasının jeolojisi, Tersiyer volkanizmasının petrolojisi ve bölgesel yayılımı, MTA Dergisi 110, 113-130.
  • Erdağ, A., 1976. Balıkesir-Çataldağ Granodiyoritinin (Güney Alanı) Jeoloji ve Petrolojisi. Ph.D. Thesis, Istanbul University, Istanbul, 94 p. (unpublished).
  • Ergül, E., Öztürk, Z., Akçaören, F. and Gözler, M.Z., 1980. Balıkesir Ili Marmara Denizi Arasının Jeolojisi. MTA Raporu Derleme No: 6760, 57 p. (yayımlanmamış) Ankara. , Gözler, Z. and Akçaören, F., 1986. 1:100 000 Ölçekli Açınsama Nitelikli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritaları Serisi, Balıkesir-F6 Paftası. MTA Genel Müdürlüğü, 11 p.
  • Erdinç, H., 1978, Kepsut-Serçeören Köyü (Balıkesir) Çevresinde Yer Alan Vollastonit Zuhurlarının Ön Etüdü. MTA Report No. 6458, 11 p. (unpub- lished) Ankara.
  • Fonteilles, M., Soler, P., Demange, M., Dere, C., Krier-Schellen, A.D., Verkaeren, J., Guy, B. and Zham, A., 1989. The scheelite skarn deposits of Salau (Ariege, French Pyrenees). Economic Geology, 84, 1172-1209.
  • Fu, M., Kwak, T. A. P. and Mernagh, T. P., 1993. Fluid inclusion studies of zoning in the Dachang tin-polymetallic ore field, People's Republic of China. Economic Geology 88; 283-300.
  • Higgins, N.C., 1980. Fluid inclusion evidence for the transport of tungsten by carbonate complexes in hydrothermal solutions.Can. J. Earth Sci. 17, 823-830.
  • Kwak, T.A.P., 1986. Fluid inclusions in skarns (carbonate replacement deposits), J. Metamorphic Geol., 4, 363-384. and Tan, T. H., 1981. The Geochemistry of zoning in skarn minerals at the King Island (Dolphin) Mine, Economic Geology, 76, 468 - 497. and White, A.J.R., 1982. Contrasting W-Mo-Cu and W-Sn-F skarn types and related granitoids. Mining Geology, 32, 339-351.
  • Larsen, R. B., 1991. Tungsten skarn mineralizations in a regional metamorphic terrain in northern Norway: a possible metamorphic ore deposit. Mineralium Deposita, 26, 281-289.
  • Layne, G.D. and Spooner, E.T.C., 1991. The JC tin skarn deposit, southern Yukon Territory; Geology, paragenesis and fluid inclusion micro- thermometry. Economic Geology, 86, 29-47.
  • Linke, W.F., 1965. Solubilities of Inorganic and Metal Organic Compounds. American Chemical Society 2, Van Nostrand, 1914 p.
  • Mathieson, G.A. and Clark, A.H., 1984. The Cantung E-zone scheelite skarn ore body, N.W.T.: a revised genetic model. Economic Geology, 79, 883-901.
  • Meinert, L.D., Newberry, R.J., and Einaudi, M.T., 1980. An overview of tungsten, copper, and zinc- bearing skarns in western North America U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-355, p. 304-327.
  • Meinert, L.D., 1992. Skarn and skarn deposits, Geoscience Canada, 19, 145-162.
  • Mutlu, H. and Orhan, A., 2009. Susurluk (Balıkesir) Skarn Yataklarının Duraylı Izotop Sistematik- leri. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Araştırma Fonu Projesi Raporu, 197 p. (unpublished).
  • Newberry, R.J., 1983. The formation of subcalcic garnet in scheelite-bearing skarns. Canadian Mineralogist, 21, 529-544.
  • , 1998. W- and Sn-skarn deposits: A 1998 status report. Mineralogical Association of Canada Short Course Series, 26, 289-335.
  • and Einaudi, M.T., 1981. Tectonic and geochemical setting of tungsten skarn mineralization in the Cordillera: Symposium on tectonics and ore deposits, Tucson, 1981, Proc., 99-111.
  • Orhan, A., 2008, Susurluk Skarn Yataklarının Mine- ralojik ve Jeokimyasal Özellikleri (Balıkesir-Batı Anadolu), Ph.D. Thesis, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, 258 p. (unpublished).
  • and Mutlu, H., 2009, Susurluk (Balıkesir) skarn yatağının mineralojik ve petrografik özellikleri, Eskişehir OGU Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(II), 65-91.
  • Roedder, E., 1984. Fluid inclusions. Reviews in Mineralogy 12, 12- 45.
  • Sheppard, T., Rankın, A.H. and Alderton, D.H.M., 1985. A practical guide to fluid inclusion studies. Blackie-Glasgow-London, 239 pp.
  • Singoyi, B. and Zaw, K., 2001. A petrological and fluid inclusion study of magnetite-scheelite skarn mineralization at Kara, Northwestern Tasmania, Implications for ore genesis. Chemical Geology, 173, 239-253.
  • Timon, S.M., Moro, M.C., Cembranos, M.L., Fernandez, A. and Crespo, J.L., 2007. Contact metamorphism in the Los Santos W skarn (NW Spain). Mineralogy and Petrology, 90, 109-140.
  • Van den Kerkhof A.M. and Hein, U.F., 2001. Fluid inclusion petrography, Lithos, 55, 27-47.
  • Wilkinson, J.J., 2001. Fluid inclusions in hydrothermal ore deposits. Lithos, 55, 229-272.

MICROTHERMOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OXIDIZED TYPE W-SKARN, IN SUSURLUK, BALIKESIR, TURKEY

Year 2010, Volume: 141 Issue: 141, 53 - 68, 01.10.2010

Abstract

The Susurluk skarn deposit developed at the contacts of the Çataldağ Granitoid and Mesozoic carbonate rocks is represented by endo and exoskarn (proximal zone, distal zone and vein skarn) zones. The endoskarn zone which occurs in a limited area is characterized by clinopyroxene, plagioclase, sphene, orthoclase and quartz minerals. The exoskarn zone is composed mainly of clinopyroxene, vesuvianite, wollastonite and some accessory minerals such as calcite, quartz, plagioclase, orthoclase, scapolite, biotite, muscovite, sphene and chlorite and ore minerals of scheelite, chalcopyrite and bornite. The presence of anhydrous minerals such as garnet and clinopyroxene is indicative of prograde stage, and the absence of hydrous minerals such as epidote, amphibole and biotite indicates that retrograde stage was not developed. Microthermometric data on exoskarn zone reveal that boiling at temperatures of 587°-592°C took place at the first stage of skarnization. Solutions of the first stage in which scheelite mineralization occurred are characterized by homogenization temperatures of 587 to 600°C and salinity range of 11-16 wt% NaCI equivalent. At the second stage of skarnization, homogenization temperatures and salinities were recorded as 371 to 600°C and 36 to >70 wt% NaCI equivalent, respectively. High salinity values are attributed to boiling phenomenon. The Te values of fluid inclusions may indicate a solution composition of CaCl2+NaCl+KCl+H2O and the significant amount of carbonic additions to the system, CO2 (Te: -66 to -58°C) and CH4 (Te: -188 to -178°C). The Susurluk skarn deposit which entirely shows shallow skarn system characterized might have been formed at a pressure of around 1 kbar.

References

  • Akyüz, S, 1995. Manyas-Susurluk-Kepsut (Balıkesir) Civarının Jeolojisi. Ph.D. Thesis, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, 239 p. (unpub- lished) Turkish.
  • Arık, F., 1995. Serçeören-Örenli-Kansız (Kepsut- Balıkesir) Yöresi Vollastonit ve Talk Yatakları. M.Sc. Thesis, Selçuk University, Konya, 107 p. (unpublished) Turkish.
  • Bakker, R.J., 2003. Package FLUIDS 1. Computer programs for analysis of fluid inclusion data and for modelling bulk fluid properties. Chemical Geology, 194, 3-23.
  • Beane, R.E., 1983. The magmatic-meteoric transition. Geothermal Resource Council, Special Report no. 13, 245-253.
  • Bodnar, R.J., 1999. Hydrothermal solutions. in Marshall, C.P., and Fairbridge (eds.), Encyclopedia of geochemistry: Lancaster, Kluwer Academic Publishers, p. 333-337.
  • Boztuğ, D., Harlavan, Y, Jonckheere, Can, I.and Sarı, R., 2009. Geochemistry and K-Ar cooling ages of the Ilıca, Çataldağ (Balıkesir) and Kozak (Izmir) granitoids, west Anatolia. Turkey, Geological Journal, 44, 1, 79-103.
  • Çakır, A. and Genç, H., 1983. Balıkesir-Susurluk- Yaylaçayır Köyü, Bursa-Mustafakemalpaşa Ilçesi Paşalar Köyü-Bıçkıdere-Farafat Alanın- daki Vollastonit MTA Report No: 7299, 11 p. (unpublished) Ankara.
  • Einaudi, M.T, Meinert, L.D and Newberry, R.J., 1981. Skarn deposits. Economic Geology, 75, 317- 391. and Burt, D.M, A, 1982. Special Issue Devoted to Skarn Deposits, Introduction-terminology, classification and composition of skarn deposits. Economic Geology, 77, 745-754,.
  • Ercan, T., Ergül, E., Akçaören, F., Çetin, A., Granit, S. and Asutay, J., 1990. Balıkesir-Bandırma arasının jeolojisi, Tersiyer volkanizmasının petrolojisi ve bölgesel yayılımı, MTA Dergisi 110, 113-130.
  • Erdağ, A., 1976. Balıkesir-Çataldağ Granodiyoritinin (Güney Alanı) Jeoloji ve Petrolojisi. Ph.D. Thesis, Istanbul University, Istanbul, 94 p. (unpublished).
  • Ergül, E., Öztürk, Z., Akçaören, F. and Gözler, M.Z., 1980. Balıkesir Ili Marmara Denizi Arasının Jeolojisi. MTA Raporu Derleme No: 6760, 57 p. (yayımlanmamış) Ankara. , Gözler, Z. and Akçaören, F., 1986. 1:100 000 Ölçekli Açınsama Nitelikli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritaları Serisi, Balıkesir-F6 Paftası. MTA Genel Müdürlüğü, 11 p.
  • Erdinç, H., 1978, Kepsut-Serçeören Köyü (Balıkesir) Çevresinde Yer Alan Vollastonit Zuhurlarının Ön Etüdü. MTA Report No. 6458, 11 p. (unpub- lished) Ankara.
  • Fonteilles, M., Soler, P., Demange, M., Dere, C., Krier-Schellen, A.D., Verkaeren, J., Guy, B. and Zham, A., 1989. The scheelite skarn deposits of Salau (Ariege, French Pyrenees). Economic Geology, 84, 1172-1209.
  • Fu, M., Kwak, T. A. P. and Mernagh, T. P., 1993. Fluid inclusion studies of zoning in the Dachang tin-polymetallic ore field, People's Republic of China. Economic Geology 88; 283-300.
  • Higgins, N.C., 1980. Fluid inclusion evidence for the transport of tungsten by carbonate complexes in hydrothermal solutions.Can. J. Earth Sci. 17, 823-830.
  • Kwak, T.A.P., 1986. Fluid inclusions in skarns (carbonate replacement deposits), J. Metamorphic Geol., 4, 363-384. and Tan, T. H., 1981. The Geochemistry of zoning in skarn minerals at the King Island (Dolphin) Mine, Economic Geology, 76, 468 - 497. and White, A.J.R., 1982. Contrasting W-Mo-Cu and W-Sn-F skarn types and related granitoids. Mining Geology, 32, 339-351.
  • Larsen, R. B., 1991. Tungsten skarn mineralizations in a regional metamorphic terrain in northern Norway: a possible metamorphic ore deposit. Mineralium Deposita, 26, 281-289.
  • Layne, G.D. and Spooner, E.T.C., 1991. The JC tin skarn deposit, southern Yukon Territory; Geology, paragenesis and fluid inclusion micro- thermometry. Economic Geology, 86, 29-47.
  • Linke, W.F., 1965. Solubilities of Inorganic and Metal Organic Compounds. American Chemical Society 2, Van Nostrand, 1914 p.
  • Mathieson, G.A. and Clark, A.H., 1984. The Cantung E-zone scheelite skarn ore body, N.W.T.: a revised genetic model. Economic Geology, 79, 883-901.
  • Meinert, L.D., Newberry, R.J., and Einaudi, M.T., 1980. An overview of tungsten, copper, and zinc- bearing skarns in western North America U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-355, p. 304-327.
  • Meinert, L.D., 1992. Skarn and skarn deposits, Geoscience Canada, 19, 145-162.
  • Mutlu, H. and Orhan, A., 2009. Susurluk (Balıkesir) Skarn Yataklarının Duraylı Izotop Sistematik- leri. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Araştırma Fonu Projesi Raporu, 197 p. (unpublished).
  • Newberry, R.J., 1983. The formation of subcalcic garnet in scheelite-bearing skarns. Canadian Mineralogist, 21, 529-544.
  • , 1998. W- and Sn-skarn deposits: A 1998 status report. Mineralogical Association of Canada Short Course Series, 26, 289-335.
  • and Einaudi, M.T., 1981. Tectonic and geochemical setting of tungsten skarn mineralization in the Cordillera: Symposium on tectonics and ore deposits, Tucson, 1981, Proc., 99-111.
  • Orhan, A., 2008, Susurluk Skarn Yataklarının Mine- ralojik ve Jeokimyasal Özellikleri (Balıkesir-Batı Anadolu), Ph.D. Thesis, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, 258 p. (unpublished).
  • and Mutlu, H., 2009, Susurluk (Balıkesir) skarn yatağının mineralojik ve petrografik özellikleri, Eskişehir OGU Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(II), 65-91.
  • Roedder, E., 1984. Fluid inclusions. Reviews in Mineralogy 12, 12- 45.
  • Sheppard, T., Rankın, A.H. and Alderton, D.H.M., 1985. A practical guide to fluid inclusion studies. Blackie-Glasgow-London, 239 pp.
  • Singoyi, B. and Zaw, K., 2001. A petrological and fluid inclusion study of magnetite-scheelite skarn mineralization at Kara, Northwestern Tasmania, Implications for ore genesis. Chemical Geology, 173, 239-253.
  • Timon, S.M., Moro, M.C., Cembranos, M.L., Fernandez, A. and Crespo, J.L., 2007. Contact metamorphism in the Los Santos W skarn (NW Spain). Mineralogy and Petrology, 90, 109-140.
  • Van den Kerkhof A.M. and Hein, U.F., 2001. Fluid inclusion petrography, Lithos, 55, 27-47.
  • Wilkinson, J.J., 2001. Fluid inclusions in hydrothermal ore deposits. Lithos, 55, 229-272.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ayşe Orhan This is me

Halim Mutlu

Nurullah Hanilçi

Publication Date October 1, 2010
Published in Issue Year 2010 Volume: 141 Issue: 141

Cite

APA Orhan, A., Mutlu, H., & Hanilçi, N. (2010). MICROTHERMOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OXIDIZED TYPE W-SKARN, IN SUSURLUK, BALIKESIR, TURKEY. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, 141(141), 53-68.
AMA Orhan A, Mutlu H, Hanilçi N. MICROTHERMOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OXIDIZED TYPE W-SKARN, IN SUSURLUK, BALIKESIR, TURKEY. Bull.Min.Res.Exp. October 2010;141(141):53-68.
Chicago Orhan, Ayşe, Halim Mutlu, and Nurullah Hanilçi. “MICROTHERMOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OXIDIZED TYPE W-SKARN, IN SUSURLUK, BALIKESIR, TURKEY”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 141, no. 141 (October 2010): 53-68.
EndNote Orhan A, Mutlu H, Hanilçi N (October 1, 2010) MICROTHERMOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OXIDIZED TYPE W-SKARN, IN SUSURLUK, BALIKESIR, TURKEY. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 141 141 53–68.
IEEE A. Orhan, H. Mutlu, and N. Hanilçi, “MICROTHERMOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OXIDIZED TYPE W-SKARN, IN SUSURLUK, BALIKESIR, TURKEY”, Bull.Min.Res.Exp., vol. 141, no. 141, pp. 53–68, 2010.
ISNAD Orhan, Ayşe et al. “MICROTHERMOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OXIDIZED TYPE W-SKARN, IN SUSURLUK, BALIKESIR, TURKEY”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 141/141 (October 2010), 53-68.
JAMA Orhan A, Mutlu H, Hanilçi N. MICROTHERMOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OXIDIZED TYPE W-SKARN, IN SUSURLUK, BALIKESIR, TURKEY. Bull.Min.Res.Exp. 2010;141:53–68.
MLA Orhan, Ayşe et al. “MICROTHERMOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OXIDIZED TYPE W-SKARN, IN SUSURLUK, BALIKESIR, TURKEY”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, vol. 141, no. 141, 2010, pp. 53-68.
Vancouver Orhan A, Mutlu H, Hanilçi N. MICROTHERMOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OXIDIZED TYPE W-SKARN, IN SUSURLUK, BALIKESIR, TURKEY. Bull.Min.Res.Exp. 2010;141(141):53-68.

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