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Relationship Between Staging and Grading of Periodontitis and Periimplantitis: A Retrospective Study

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 4, 719 - 724, 29.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1224054

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the relationship between peri-implantitis and stage/grade of periodontitis.
Methods: Records of 171 periodontitis patients with 318 dental implants were screened. Classification of diagnosed patients with periodontitis were done by both stage (1, 2, 3 and 4) and grade (A, B and C). Peri-implant health status was evaluated as no peri-implantitis or with peri-implantitis. Marginal bone loss severity of implants diagnosed with peri-implantitis, prosthesis type (single, bridge), location of dental implants (maxilla, mandibula, anterior and posterior), smoking (yes/no) and diabetes history (yes/no) of the patients were also evaluated. Analysis was done at implant level.
Results: A total of 203 (63.8%) dental implants were diagnosed with peri-implantitis. There were statistical differences in the stage and grade of periodontitis between implants diagnosed with no peri-implantitis and peri-implantitis (p<0.05). All of the dental implants in stage 4 periodontitis patients were diagnosed with peri-implantitis. Staging (1/2 versus 3/4) and grading (A/B versus C) of periodontitis had significant effects on the marginal bone loss of implants (radiographically ≥25% or <25% of the implant length) diagnosed with peri-implantitis. The marginal bone loss risk increased 3.86 times in stage 3/4 compared to stage 1/2 and 3.16 times in patients with grade C periodontitis compared to grade A/B.
Conclusion: The outcome of this study indicates that peri-implantitis was quite prevalent in dental implant patients with periodontitis, depending on the stage/grade. The severity of peri-implant marginal bone loss of implants was related to higher-level staging and grading of periodontitis.

References

  • Kassebaum NJ, Bernabe E, Dahiya M, Bhandari B, Murray CJ, Marcenes W. Global burden of severe periodontitis in 1990-2010: A systematic review and meta-regression. J Dent Res. 2014;93:1045-1053. DOI: 10.1177/0022034514552491
  • Eke PI, Dye BA, Wei L, Slade GD, Thornton-Evans GO, Borgnakke WS, Taylor GW, Page RC, Beck JD, Genco RJ. Update on prevalence of periodontitis in adults in the United States: NHANES 2009 to 2012. J Periodontol. 2015;86:611-622. DOI: 10.1902/jop.2015.140520.
  • Schwarz F, Derks J, Monje A, Wang HL. Peri-implantitis. J Periodontol. 2018;89 Suppl 1:S267-S290. DOI: 10.1002/JPER.16-0350
  • Lafaurie GI, Sabogal MA, Castillo DM, Rincon MV, Gomez LA, Lesmes YA, Chambrone L. Microbiome and microbial biofilm profiles of peri-implantitis: A systematic review. J Periodontol. 2017;88:1066-1089. DOI: 10.1902/jop.2017.170123.
  • Kornman KS. Mapping the pathogenesis of periodontitis: A new look. J Periodontol. 2008;79:1560-1568. DOI: 10.1902/jop.2008.080213
  • Karoussis IK, Salvi GE, Heitz-Mayfield LJ, Bragger U, Hammerle CH, Lang NP. Long-term implant prognosis in patients with and without a history of chronic periodontitis: a 10-year prospective cohort study of the ITI Dental Implant System. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2003;14:329-339. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0501.000.00934
  • Ong CT, Ivanovski S, Needleman IG, Retzepi M, Moles DR, Tonetti MS, Donos N. Systematic review of implant outcomes in treated periodontitis subjects. J Clin Periodontol. 2008;35:438-462. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2008.01207
  • Daubert DM, Weinstein BF, Bordin S, Leroux BG, Flemming TF. Prevalence and predictive factors for peri-implant disease and implant failure: a cross-sectional analysis. J Periodontol. 2015;86:337-347. DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.140438
  • Derks J, Schaller D, Hakansson J, Wennstrom JL, Tomasi C, Berglundh T. Effectiveness of implant therapy analyzed in a swedish population: Prevalence of peri-implantitis. J Dent Res. 2016;95:43-49. DOI: 10.1177/0022034515608832
  • Marrone A, Lasserre J, Bercy P, Brecx MC. Prevalence and risk factors for peri-implant disease in Belgian adults. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2013;24:934-940. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2012.02476
  • Rokn A, Aslroosta H, Akbari S, Najafi H, Zayeri F, Hashemi K. Prevalence of peri-implantitis in patients not participating in well-designed supportive periodontal treatments: a cross-sectional study. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2017;28:314-319. DOI: 10.1111/clr.12800
  • Ravida A, Rodriguez MV, Saleh MHA, Galli M, Qazi M, Troiano G, Wang HL, Moreno PG. The correlation between history of periodontitis according to staging and grading and the prevalence/severity of peri-implantitis in patients enrolled in maintenance therapy. J Periodontol. 2021;92:1522-1535. DOI: 10.1002/JPER.21-0012
  • Yamazaki M, Yamazaki K, Baba Y, Ito H, Loos BG, Takahashi K. The stages and grades of periodontitis are risk indicators for peri-Implant diseases-A long-term retrospective study. J Pers Med. 2022;12. DOI: 10.3390/jpm12101723
  • Tonetti MS, Greenwell H, Kornman KS. Staging and grading of periodontitis: Framework and proposal of a new classification and case definition. J Periodontol. 2018;89 Suppl 1:S159-S172. DOI: 10.1002/JPER.18-0006
  • Schwarz F, Derks J, Monje A, Wang HL. Peri-implantitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2018;45 Suppl 20:S246-S266. DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12954.
  • Ferreira SD, Martins CC, Amaral SA, Vieira TR, Albuquerque BN, Cota LOM, Esteves Lima RP, Costa FO. Periodontitis as a risk factor for peri-implantitis: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. J Dent. 2018;79:1-10. DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.09.010
  • Roccuzzo M, Bonino F, Aglietta M, Dalmasso P. Ten-year results of a three arms prospective cohort study on implants in periodontally compromised patients. Part 2: clinical results. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012;23:389-395. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02309
  • Pjetursson BE, Helbling C, Weber HP, Matuliene G, Salvi GE, Bragger U, Schmidlin K, Zwahlen M, Lang NP. Peri-implantitis susceptibility as it relates to periodontal therapy and supportive care. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012;23:888-894. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2012.02474
  • Romandini M, Lima C, Pedrinaci I, Araoz A, Soldini MC, Sanz M. Prevalence and risk/protective indicators of peri-implant diseases: A university-representative cross-sectional study. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2021;32:112-122. DOI: 10.1111/clr.13684
  • Apatzidou DA. The role of cigarette smoking in periodontal disease and treatment outcomes of dental implant therapy. Periodontol 2000. 2022;90:45-61. DOI: 10.1111/prd.12449
  • Rinke S, Ohl S, Ziebolz D, Lange K, Eickholz P. Prevalence of periimplant disease in partially edentulous patients: a practice-based cross-sectional study. Clinical oral implants research. 2011;22:826-833. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2010.02061
  • Becker J, John G, Becker K, Mainusch S, Diedrichs G, Schwarz F. Clinical performance of two-piece zirconia implants in the posterior mandible and maxilla: a prospective cohort study over 2 years. Clinical oral implants research. 2017;28:29-35. DOI: 10.1111/clr.12610
  • Roos-Jansaker AM, Renvert H, Lindahl C, Renvert S. Nine- to fourteen-year follow-up of implant treatment. Part III: factors associated with peri-implant lesions. Journal of clinical periodontology. 2006;33:296-301. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2006.00908
  • Dvorak G, Arnhart C, Heuberer S, Huber CD, Watzek G, Gruber R. Peri-implantitis and late implant failures in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study. J Clin Periodontol. 2011;38:950-955. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2011.01772
  • Darby I. Risk factors for periodontitis & peri-implantitis. Periodontol 2000. 2022;90:9-12. DOI: 10.1111/prd.12447
  • Kordbacheh Chanki K, Finkelstein J, Papapanou PN. Peri-implantitis prevalence, incidance rate, and risk factors: A study of electronic health records at a U.S. dental school. Clin Oral Impl Res. 2019;30:306-314. DOI: 10.1111/clr.13416
  • Rodrigo D, Sanz-Sanchez I, Figuero E, Llodra JC, Bravo M, Caffesse RG, Vallcorba N, Guerrero A, Herrera D. Prevalence and risk indicators of peri-implant diseases in Spain. J Clin Periodontol. 2018;45:1510-1520. DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13017
Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 4, 719 - 724, 29.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1224054

Abstract

References

  • Kassebaum NJ, Bernabe E, Dahiya M, Bhandari B, Murray CJ, Marcenes W. Global burden of severe periodontitis in 1990-2010: A systematic review and meta-regression. J Dent Res. 2014;93:1045-1053. DOI: 10.1177/0022034514552491
  • Eke PI, Dye BA, Wei L, Slade GD, Thornton-Evans GO, Borgnakke WS, Taylor GW, Page RC, Beck JD, Genco RJ. Update on prevalence of periodontitis in adults in the United States: NHANES 2009 to 2012. J Periodontol. 2015;86:611-622. DOI: 10.1902/jop.2015.140520.
  • Schwarz F, Derks J, Monje A, Wang HL. Peri-implantitis. J Periodontol. 2018;89 Suppl 1:S267-S290. DOI: 10.1002/JPER.16-0350
  • Lafaurie GI, Sabogal MA, Castillo DM, Rincon MV, Gomez LA, Lesmes YA, Chambrone L. Microbiome and microbial biofilm profiles of peri-implantitis: A systematic review. J Periodontol. 2017;88:1066-1089. DOI: 10.1902/jop.2017.170123.
  • Kornman KS. Mapping the pathogenesis of periodontitis: A new look. J Periodontol. 2008;79:1560-1568. DOI: 10.1902/jop.2008.080213
  • Karoussis IK, Salvi GE, Heitz-Mayfield LJ, Bragger U, Hammerle CH, Lang NP. Long-term implant prognosis in patients with and without a history of chronic periodontitis: a 10-year prospective cohort study of the ITI Dental Implant System. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2003;14:329-339. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0501.000.00934
  • Ong CT, Ivanovski S, Needleman IG, Retzepi M, Moles DR, Tonetti MS, Donos N. Systematic review of implant outcomes in treated periodontitis subjects. J Clin Periodontol. 2008;35:438-462. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2008.01207
  • Daubert DM, Weinstein BF, Bordin S, Leroux BG, Flemming TF. Prevalence and predictive factors for peri-implant disease and implant failure: a cross-sectional analysis. J Periodontol. 2015;86:337-347. DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.140438
  • Derks J, Schaller D, Hakansson J, Wennstrom JL, Tomasi C, Berglundh T. Effectiveness of implant therapy analyzed in a swedish population: Prevalence of peri-implantitis. J Dent Res. 2016;95:43-49. DOI: 10.1177/0022034515608832
  • Marrone A, Lasserre J, Bercy P, Brecx MC. Prevalence and risk factors for peri-implant disease in Belgian adults. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2013;24:934-940. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2012.02476
  • Rokn A, Aslroosta H, Akbari S, Najafi H, Zayeri F, Hashemi K. Prevalence of peri-implantitis in patients not participating in well-designed supportive periodontal treatments: a cross-sectional study. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2017;28:314-319. DOI: 10.1111/clr.12800
  • Ravida A, Rodriguez MV, Saleh MHA, Galli M, Qazi M, Troiano G, Wang HL, Moreno PG. The correlation between history of periodontitis according to staging and grading and the prevalence/severity of peri-implantitis in patients enrolled in maintenance therapy. J Periodontol. 2021;92:1522-1535. DOI: 10.1002/JPER.21-0012
  • Yamazaki M, Yamazaki K, Baba Y, Ito H, Loos BG, Takahashi K. The stages and grades of periodontitis are risk indicators for peri-Implant diseases-A long-term retrospective study. J Pers Med. 2022;12. DOI: 10.3390/jpm12101723
  • Tonetti MS, Greenwell H, Kornman KS. Staging and grading of periodontitis: Framework and proposal of a new classification and case definition. J Periodontol. 2018;89 Suppl 1:S159-S172. DOI: 10.1002/JPER.18-0006
  • Schwarz F, Derks J, Monje A, Wang HL. Peri-implantitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2018;45 Suppl 20:S246-S266. DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12954.
  • Ferreira SD, Martins CC, Amaral SA, Vieira TR, Albuquerque BN, Cota LOM, Esteves Lima RP, Costa FO. Periodontitis as a risk factor for peri-implantitis: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. J Dent. 2018;79:1-10. DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.09.010
  • Roccuzzo M, Bonino F, Aglietta M, Dalmasso P. Ten-year results of a three arms prospective cohort study on implants in periodontally compromised patients. Part 2: clinical results. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012;23:389-395. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02309
  • Pjetursson BE, Helbling C, Weber HP, Matuliene G, Salvi GE, Bragger U, Schmidlin K, Zwahlen M, Lang NP. Peri-implantitis susceptibility as it relates to periodontal therapy and supportive care. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012;23:888-894. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2012.02474
  • Romandini M, Lima C, Pedrinaci I, Araoz A, Soldini MC, Sanz M. Prevalence and risk/protective indicators of peri-implant diseases: A university-representative cross-sectional study. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2021;32:112-122. DOI: 10.1111/clr.13684
  • Apatzidou DA. The role of cigarette smoking in periodontal disease and treatment outcomes of dental implant therapy. Periodontol 2000. 2022;90:45-61. DOI: 10.1111/prd.12449
  • Rinke S, Ohl S, Ziebolz D, Lange K, Eickholz P. Prevalence of periimplant disease in partially edentulous patients: a practice-based cross-sectional study. Clinical oral implants research. 2011;22:826-833. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2010.02061
  • Becker J, John G, Becker K, Mainusch S, Diedrichs G, Schwarz F. Clinical performance of two-piece zirconia implants in the posterior mandible and maxilla: a prospective cohort study over 2 years. Clinical oral implants research. 2017;28:29-35. DOI: 10.1111/clr.12610
  • Roos-Jansaker AM, Renvert H, Lindahl C, Renvert S. Nine- to fourteen-year follow-up of implant treatment. Part III: factors associated with peri-implant lesions. Journal of clinical periodontology. 2006;33:296-301. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2006.00908
  • Dvorak G, Arnhart C, Heuberer S, Huber CD, Watzek G, Gruber R. Peri-implantitis and late implant failures in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study. J Clin Periodontol. 2011;38:950-955. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2011.01772
  • Darby I. Risk factors for periodontitis & peri-implantitis. Periodontol 2000. 2022;90:9-12. DOI: 10.1111/prd.12447
  • Kordbacheh Chanki K, Finkelstein J, Papapanou PN. Peri-implantitis prevalence, incidance rate, and risk factors: A study of electronic health records at a U.S. dental school. Clin Oral Impl Res. 2019;30:306-314. DOI: 10.1111/clr.13416
  • Rodrigo D, Sanz-Sanchez I, Figuero E, Llodra JC, Bravo M, Caffesse RG, Vallcorba N, Guerrero A, Herrera D. Prevalence and risk indicators of peri-implant diseases in Spain. J Clin Periodontol. 2018;45:1510-1520. DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13017
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Hafize Öztürk Özener 0000-0002-2156-584X

Publication Date December 29, 2023
Submission Date December 25, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 13 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Öztürk Özener, H. (2023). Relationship Between Staging and Grading of Periodontitis and Periimplantitis: A Retrospective Study. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 13(4), 719-724. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1224054
AMA Öztürk Özener H. Relationship Between Staging and Grading of Periodontitis and Periimplantitis: A Retrospective Study. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. December 2023;13(4):719-724. doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1224054
Chicago Öztürk Özener, Hafize. “Relationship Between Staging and Grading of Periodontitis and Periimplantitis: A Retrospective Study”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 13, no. 4 (December 2023): 719-24. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1224054.
EndNote Öztürk Özener H (December 1, 2023) Relationship Between Staging and Grading of Periodontitis and Periimplantitis: A Retrospective Study. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 13 4 719–724.
IEEE H. Öztürk Özener, “Relationship Between Staging and Grading of Periodontitis and Periimplantitis: A Retrospective Study”, Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 719–724, 2023, doi: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1224054.
ISNAD Öztürk Özener, Hafize. “Relationship Between Staging and Grading of Periodontitis and Periimplantitis: A Retrospective Study”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 13/4 (December 2023), 719-724. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1224054.
JAMA Öztürk Özener H. Relationship Between Staging and Grading of Periodontitis and Periimplantitis: A Retrospective Study. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2023;13:719–724.
MLA Öztürk Özener, Hafize. “Relationship Between Staging and Grading of Periodontitis and Periimplantitis: A Retrospective Study”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 13, no. 4, 2023, pp. 719-24, doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1224054.
Vancouver Öztürk Özener H. Relationship Between Staging and Grading of Periodontitis and Periimplantitis: A Retrospective Study. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2023;13(4):719-24.

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