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The Nature of Greed and Its Destructive Effects on Human Life

Year 2024, , 202 - 226, 15.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.51702/esoguifd.1393611

Abstract

Greed one of the behaviours that undermining psychological integrity and social adaptation. It is characterized by a constant desire to acquire more, leading to an enduring state of dissatisfaction. A greedy individual harbors the ambition and desire to attain material objects and symbols, elevating them to a glorified status. This fosters a self-interested and selfish perspective, resulting in the development of a personality that compromises values and principles. By disregarding any judgment at the intellectual or religious level, the greedy person determines the course and direction of acquisition based on their own judgments. Such an attitude disrupts the individual's internal dynamic elements and leads to moral and social breakdowns and constraints. Consequently, establishing a genuine and meaningful relationship with others becomes challenging. This article encompasses definitions of greed, discusses the scope and limits of this behavior, and attempts to clarify its position among closely related concepts. Greed is examined from both religious and psycho-social perspectives, with emphasis on its implications for an individual’s life.

References

  • Adler, Alfred. İnsan Doğasını Anlamak. İzmir: İlya Yayınevi, 2003.
  • Akhtar, Salman. Acının Kaynakları Korku, Açgözlülük, Suçluluk, Kandırma, İhanet ve İntikam,. çev. Elif Okan Gezmiş. İstanbul: Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2017.
  • Akhtar, Salman. “Meanings, Manifestations, and Management of Greed”. Greed: Developmental, Cultural, and Clinical Realms. ed. Salman Akhtar. 131-158. London: Karnac Books, 2015.
  • Bao, Ruiji vd. “Dispositional Greed Inhibits Prosocial Behaviors: An Emotive - Social Cognitive Dual-Process Model”. Current Psychology 41/6 (01 Haziran 2022), 3928-3936. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-00928-5
  • Ben-Ze’ev, Aaron. “Envy and Jealousy”. Canadian Journal of Philosophy 20/4 (1990), 487-516.
  • Beyhâkî, Ebû Bekr Ahmed b. Hüseyn b. Alî. el-Câmi’li-Şuabi’l- Îmân. çev. Hüseyin Yıldız vd. İstanbul: Ocak Yayınları, 2015.
  • Capps, Donald. “The Deadly Sins and Saving Virtues: How They are Viewed by Clergy”. Pastoral Psychology 40/4 (1992), 209-233. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01027705
  • Cardella, Eric vd. “Is Greed Contagious? Four Experimental Studies”. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making 32/5 (2019), 579-598. https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.2134
  • Chen, Bin-Bin. “An Evolutionary Life History Approach to Understanding Greed”. Personality and Individual Differences 127 (2018), 74-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.02.006
  • Childs, James M. Greed: Economics and Ethics in Conflict. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2000.
  • Clements, Matthew T. “Self-Interest vs. Greed and the Limitations of the Invisible Hand”. American Journal of Economics and Sociology 72/4 (2013), 949-965.
  • Cohen, Taya R. vd. “Do Groups Lie More Than Individuals? Honesty and Deception as a Function of Strategic Self-Interest”. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 45/6 (2009), 1321-1324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2009.08.007
  • Cropanzano, Russell vd. “Self-Interest: Defining and Understanding a Human Motive”. Journal of Organizational Behavior 26/8 (2005), 985-991. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.353
  • Crusius, Jan vd. “Dispositional Greed Predicts Benign and Malicious Envy”. Personality and Individual Differences 168 (2021), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110361
  • Doğan, Mehmet. Büyük Türkçe Sözlük. Ankara: Vadi Yayınları, 15. Basım, 2001.
  • Easterlin, Richard A. “Income and Happiness: Towards a Unified Theory”. The Economic Journal 111/473 (2001), 465-484.
  • Ebû Dâvûd, Süleyman b Eş’as b İshak es-Sicistânî el-Ezdî. Sünen-i Ebû Dâvûd Terceme ve Şerhi. çev. İsmail Lütfî Çakan. 17 Cilt. İstanbul: Şamil Yayınevi, 1987.
  • Freedman, Linda. “The Narrative of Consumption: Greed and Literature”. ed. Alexis Brassey - Stephen Barber. 170-187. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009.
  • Fromm, Erich. Erdem ve Mutluluk. çev. Ayda Yörükân. İstanbul: Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları, 2. Basım, 1994.
  • Fromm, Erich. İnsandaki Yıkıcılığın Kökenleri. çev. Şükrü Alpagut. İstanbul: Payel Yayınevi, 1984.
  • Fromm, Erich. Sahip Olmak Ya Da Olmak. çev. Aydın Arıtan. İstanbul: Arıtan Yayınevi, 6. Basım, 2017.
  • Gelibolu, Müzeyyen - Balıkçıoğlu, Betül. “Açgözlülük, Materyalizm ve Tüketici Kibrinin Tüketicilerin Yaşam Tatmini Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi”. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi 13/4 (29 Aralık 2021), 3136-3151. https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2021.1313
  • Gilliland, Stephen W. - Anderson, Jennifer S. “Perceptions of Greed: A Distributive Injustice Model”. Emerging Perspectives on Organizational Justice and Ethics: Research in Social Issues in Management. ed. Stephen W. Gilliland vd. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Press, 2011.
  • Gökcan, Mansur. “Tasavvufta Kanaat Anlayışı ve Bireysel-Sosyal Etkileri”. Çukurova Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi (ÇÜİFD) 18/1 (30 Haziran 2018), 95-129. https://doi.org/10.30627/cuilah.440610
  • Hayat, Qlander vd. “Greed: Theoretical, Religious and Business Perspective”. Journal of Islamic Business and Management (JIBM) 11/02 (31 Aralık 2021). https://doi.org/10.26501/jibm/2021.1102-009
  • Haynes, Katalin Takacs. “The Psychology of Greed”. The Psychology of Extremism: A Motivational Perspective. ed. Arie Kruglanski vd. 203-229. Routledge, 2021.
  • Hoyer, Karlijn vd. “Greed: What Is It Good For?” Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin, 1461672221140355. https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672221140355
  • Hökelekli, Hayati. “Hırs”. İslam’da İbadet, İnanç ve Günlük Yaşayış Ansiklopedisi. ed. İbrahim Kâfi Dönmez. C. 2. İstanbul: M.Ü. İ.F.V.Yayınları, 1997.
  • Hökelekli, Hayati. Psikoloji, Din ve Eğitim Yönüyle İnsanî Değerler. İstanbul: Değerler Eğitimi Merkezi Yayınları, 2013.
  • İsfahânî, Ebu’l-Kâsım er-Râgıb. Müfredât Kur’ân Kavramları Sözlüğü. çev. Abdulbaki Güneş - Mehmet Yolcu. İstanbul: Çıra Yayınları, 2010.
  • Jiang, Xinying vd. “Greed as an Adaptation to Anomie: The Mediating Role of Belief in a Zero-Sum Game and the Buffering Effect of Internal Locus of Control”. Personality and Individual Differences 152 (2020), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.109566
  • Kaplan, Harvey A. “Greed: A Psychoanalytic Perspective”. Psychoanalytic Review 78/4 (1991), 505-523.
  • Kâşânî, İzzeddin. Tasavvufun Ana Esasları (Misbâhu’l-Hidâye ve Miftâhu’l-Kifâye). çev. Hakkı Uygur. İstanbul: Kurtuba Kitap, 2010.
  • Kernberg, Otto F. Aggressivity, Narcissism, and Self-Destructiveness in the Psychotherapeutic Rela: New Developments in the Psychopathology and Psychotherapy of Severe Personality Disorders. Yale University Press, 2004. https://doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300101805.001.0001
  • Kets de Vries. The Greed Syndrome (SSRN Scholarly Paper, 18 Nisan 2016). Social Science Research Network. Erişim 18 Ekim 2023. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2766233
  • Kirchgässner, Gebhard. “On Self-Interest and Greed”. Journal of Business Economics 84/9 (01 Aralık 2014), 1191-1209. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-014-0737-1
  • Klein, Melanie. Haset ve Şükran. çev. Orhan Koçak - Yavuz Erten. İstanbul: Metis Yayınları, 3. Basım, 2014.
  • Kleinberg, Aviad. 7 Deadly Sins: A Very Partial List. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008.
  • Krekels, Goedele - Pandelaere, Mario. “Dispositional Greed”. Personality and Individual Differences 74 (2015), 225-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.10.036
  • Levine, David P. “The Attachment of Greed to Self-Interest”. Psychoanalytic Studies 2/2 (2000), 131-140. https://doi.org/10.1080/14608950050013323
  • Liu, Zhenzhen vd. “Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Version of the Dispositional Greed Scale and a Portrait of Greedy People”. Personality and Individual Differences 137 (2019), 101-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.08.012
  • Magessi, Nuno Trindade - Antunes, Luis. “Agent’s Fear Monitors the Spread of Greed in a Social Network”. France, 2013b.
  • Melluish, Greg. “Greed is Great”. IPA Review 61/2 (2009), 23-24.
  • Moore, Don A. - Loewenstein, George. “Self-Interest, Automaticity, and the Psychology of Conflict of Interest”. Social Justice Research 17/2 (2004), 189-202. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:SORE.0000027409.88372.b4
  • Müslim, Ebû’l-Huseyn Müslim b. el-Haccac el-Kuşeyrî. Sahîh-i Müslim. çev. Mehmed Sofuoğlu. 8 Cilt. İstanbul: İrfan Yayınları, 1988.
  • Nikelly, Arthur. “The Pathogenesis of Greed: Causes and Consequences”. International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies 3/1 (2006), 65-78. https://doi.org/10.1002/aps.50
  • Piff, Paul K. vd. “Higher Social Class Predicts Increased Unethical Behavior”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 109/11 (13 Mart 2012), 4086-4091. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1118373109
  • Râzî, Ebu Bekir. et-Tıbbu’r-Ruhanî/Ruh Sağlığı. çev. Hüseyin Karaman. İstanbul: İz Yayıncılık, 2004.
  • Schimmel, Solomon. The Seven Deadly Sins: Jewish, Christian, and Classical Reflections on Human Psychology. New York Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.
  • Sekhar, Sujit vd. “Dispositional Greed and Its Dark Allies: An Investigation among Prospective Managers”. Personality and Individual Differences 162 (01 Ağustos 2020), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110005
  • Seuntjens, Terri G. vd. “Defining Greed”. British Journal of Psychology (London, England: 1953) 106/3 (2015a), 505-525. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12100
  • Seuntjens, Terri G. vd. “Dispositional Greed”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 108/6 (2015), 917-933. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000031
  • Seuntjens, Terri G. vd. “Greedy Bastards: Testing the Relationship Between Wanting More and Unethical Behavior”. Personality and Individual Differences 138 (2019), 147-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.09.027
  • Stenstrom, Douglas M. - Curtis, Mathew. “Pride, Sloth/Lust/Gluttony, Envy, Greed/Wrath”: Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Religion 8/7 (2012), 1-27.
  • Taylor, Gabriele. Deadly Vices. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.
  • Tickle, Phyllis A. Greed: The Seven Deadly Sins. USA: Oxford University Press, 2004.
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Açgözlülüğün Doğası ve İnsan Hayatına Yıkıcı Etkileri

Year 2024, , 202 - 226, 15.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.51702/esoguifd.1393611

Abstract

Psikolojik bütünlüğü ve toplumsal dokuyu zayıflatan davranışlardan biri olan açgözlülük, daha fazlasını elde etme iştiyakı ve sürekli bir doyumsuzluk halidir. Açgözlü kimse, maddî nesne ve sembolleri yücelterek onlara ulaşma hırsı ve arzusu içindedir. Bu da çıkarcı ve bencil bir bakış açısını beraberinde getirmekte, değer ve ilkelerinden taviz veren bir kişilik gelişimine yol açmaktadır. Açgözlü kişi, fikrî veya dinî düzeyde herhangi bir yargıyı dikkate almamakta, kendi yargılarına göre edinmenin seyrini ve yönünü belirlemektedir. Böyle bir tutum da bireyin hem kendi dinamik iç unsurlarını bozmakta hem de ahlakî ve sosyal düzeyde kırılmalara ve daralmalara neden olarak diğeriyle doğru ve anlamlı bir ilişki kurmayı zorlaştırmaktadır. Bu makalede açgözlülüğün tanımlarına yer verilmiş, kapsamı ve sınırları ele alınmış ve yakından ilişkili olduğu kavramlar arasındaki yeri netleştirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Açgözlülük, dinî ve psiko-sosyal açıdan incelenmiş ve bu davranışın bireyin hayatına yansımaları üzerinde durulmuştur.

References

  • Adler, Alfred. İnsan Doğasını Anlamak. İzmir: İlya Yayınevi, 2003.
  • Akhtar, Salman. Acının Kaynakları Korku, Açgözlülük, Suçluluk, Kandırma, İhanet ve İntikam,. çev. Elif Okan Gezmiş. İstanbul: Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2017.
  • Akhtar, Salman. “Meanings, Manifestations, and Management of Greed”. Greed: Developmental, Cultural, and Clinical Realms. ed. Salman Akhtar. 131-158. London: Karnac Books, 2015.
  • Bao, Ruiji vd. “Dispositional Greed Inhibits Prosocial Behaviors: An Emotive - Social Cognitive Dual-Process Model”. Current Psychology 41/6 (01 Haziran 2022), 3928-3936. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-00928-5
  • Ben-Ze’ev, Aaron. “Envy and Jealousy”. Canadian Journal of Philosophy 20/4 (1990), 487-516.
  • Beyhâkî, Ebû Bekr Ahmed b. Hüseyn b. Alî. el-Câmi’li-Şuabi’l- Îmân. çev. Hüseyin Yıldız vd. İstanbul: Ocak Yayınları, 2015.
  • Capps, Donald. “The Deadly Sins and Saving Virtues: How They are Viewed by Clergy”. Pastoral Psychology 40/4 (1992), 209-233. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01027705
  • Cardella, Eric vd. “Is Greed Contagious? Four Experimental Studies”. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making 32/5 (2019), 579-598. https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.2134
  • Chen, Bin-Bin. “An Evolutionary Life History Approach to Understanding Greed”. Personality and Individual Differences 127 (2018), 74-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.02.006
  • Childs, James M. Greed: Economics and Ethics in Conflict. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2000.
  • Clements, Matthew T. “Self-Interest vs. Greed and the Limitations of the Invisible Hand”. American Journal of Economics and Sociology 72/4 (2013), 949-965.
  • Cohen, Taya R. vd. “Do Groups Lie More Than Individuals? Honesty and Deception as a Function of Strategic Self-Interest”. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 45/6 (2009), 1321-1324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2009.08.007
  • Cropanzano, Russell vd. “Self-Interest: Defining and Understanding a Human Motive”. Journal of Organizational Behavior 26/8 (2005), 985-991. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.353
  • Crusius, Jan vd. “Dispositional Greed Predicts Benign and Malicious Envy”. Personality and Individual Differences 168 (2021), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110361
  • Doğan, Mehmet. Büyük Türkçe Sözlük. Ankara: Vadi Yayınları, 15. Basım, 2001.
  • Easterlin, Richard A. “Income and Happiness: Towards a Unified Theory”. The Economic Journal 111/473 (2001), 465-484.
  • Ebû Dâvûd, Süleyman b Eş’as b İshak es-Sicistânî el-Ezdî. Sünen-i Ebû Dâvûd Terceme ve Şerhi. çev. İsmail Lütfî Çakan. 17 Cilt. İstanbul: Şamil Yayınevi, 1987.
  • Freedman, Linda. “The Narrative of Consumption: Greed and Literature”. ed. Alexis Brassey - Stephen Barber. 170-187. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009.
  • Fromm, Erich. Erdem ve Mutluluk. çev. Ayda Yörükân. İstanbul: Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları, 2. Basım, 1994.
  • Fromm, Erich. İnsandaki Yıkıcılığın Kökenleri. çev. Şükrü Alpagut. İstanbul: Payel Yayınevi, 1984.
  • Fromm, Erich. Sahip Olmak Ya Da Olmak. çev. Aydın Arıtan. İstanbul: Arıtan Yayınevi, 6. Basım, 2017.
  • Gelibolu, Müzeyyen - Balıkçıoğlu, Betül. “Açgözlülük, Materyalizm ve Tüketici Kibrinin Tüketicilerin Yaşam Tatmini Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi”. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi 13/4 (29 Aralık 2021), 3136-3151. https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2021.1313
  • Gilliland, Stephen W. - Anderson, Jennifer S. “Perceptions of Greed: A Distributive Injustice Model”. Emerging Perspectives on Organizational Justice and Ethics: Research in Social Issues in Management. ed. Stephen W. Gilliland vd. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Press, 2011.
  • Gökcan, Mansur. “Tasavvufta Kanaat Anlayışı ve Bireysel-Sosyal Etkileri”. Çukurova Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi (ÇÜİFD) 18/1 (30 Haziran 2018), 95-129. https://doi.org/10.30627/cuilah.440610
  • Hayat, Qlander vd. “Greed: Theoretical, Religious and Business Perspective”. Journal of Islamic Business and Management (JIBM) 11/02 (31 Aralık 2021). https://doi.org/10.26501/jibm/2021.1102-009
  • Haynes, Katalin Takacs. “The Psychology of Greed”. The Psychology of Extremism: A Motivational Perspective. ed. Arie Kruglanski vd. 203-229. Routledge, 2021.
  • Hoyer, Karlijn vd. “Greed: What Is It Good For?” Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin, 1461672221140355. https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672221140355
  • Hökelekli, Hayati. “Hırs”. İslam’da İbadet, İnanç ve Günlük Yaşayış Ansiklopedisi. ed. İbrahim Kâfi Dönmez. C. 2. İstanbul: M.Ü. İ.F.V.Yayınları, 1997.
  • Hökelekli, Hayati. Psikoloji, Din ve Eğitim Yönüyle İnsanî Değerler. İstanbul: Değerler Eğitimi Merkezi Yayınları, 2013.
  • İsfahânî, Ebu’l-Kâsım er-Râgıb. Müfredât Kur’ân Kavramları Sözlüğü. çev. Abdulbaki Güneş - Mehmet Yolcu. İstanbul: Çıra Yayınları, 2010.
  • Jiang, Xinying vd. “Greed as an Adaptation to Anomie: The Mediating Role of Belief in a Zero-Sum Game and the Buffering Effect of Internal Locus of Control”. Personality and Individual Differences 152 (2020), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.109566
  • Kaplan, Harvey A. “Greed: A Psychoanalytic Perspective”. Psychoanalytic Review 78/4 (1991), 505-523.
  • Kâşânî, İzzeddin. Tasavvufun Ana Esasları (Misbâhu’l-Hidâye ve Miftâhu’l-Kifâye). çev. Hakkı Uygur. İstanbul: Kurtuba Kitap, 2010.
  • Kernberg, Otto F. Aggressivity, Narcissism, and Self-Destructiveness in the Psychotherapeutic Rela: New Developments in the Psychopathology and Psychotherapy of Severe Personality Disorders. Yale University Press, 2004. https://doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300101805.001.0001
  • Kets de Vries. The Greed Syndrome (SSRN Scholarly Paper, 18 Nisan 2016). Social Science Research Network. Erişim 18 Ekim 2023. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2766233
  • Kirchgässner, Gebhard. “On Self-Interest and Greed”. Journal of Business Economics 84/9 (01 Aralık 2014), 1191-1209. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-014-0737-1
  • Klein, Melanie. Haset ve Şükran. çev. Orhan Koçak - Yavuz Erten. İstanbul: Metis Yayınları, 3. Basım, 2014.
  • Kleinberg, Aviad. 7 Deadly Sins: A Very Partial List. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008.
  • Krekels, Goedele - Pandelaere, Mario. “Dispositional Greed”. Personality and Individual Differences 74 (2015), 225-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.10.036
  • Levine, David P. “The Attachment of Greed to Self-Interest”. Psychoanalytic Studies 2/2 (2000), 131-140. https://doi.org/10.1080/14608950050013323
  • Liu, Zhenzhen vd. “Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Version of the Dispositional Greed Scale and a Portrait of Greedy People”. Personality and Individual Differences 137 (2019), 101-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.08.012
  • Magessi, Nuno Trindade - Antunes, Luis. “Agent’s Fear Monitors the Spread of Greed in a Social Network”. France, 2013b.
  • Melluish, Greg. “Greed is Great”. IPA Review 61/2 (2009), 23-24.
  • Moore, Don A. - Loewenstein, George. “Self-Interest, Automaticity, and the Psychology of Conflict of Interest”. Social Justice Research 17/2 (2004), 189-202. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:SORE.0000027409.88372.b4
  • Müslim, Ebû’l-Huseyn Müslim b. el-Haccac el-Kuşeyrî. Sahîh-i Müslim. çev. Mehmed Sofuoğlu. 8 Cilt. İstanbul: İrfan Yayınları, 1988.
  • Nikelly, Arthur. “The Pathogenesis of Greed: Causes and Consequences”. International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies 3/1 (2006), 65-78. https://doi.org/10.1002/aps.50
  • Piff, Paul K. vd. “Higher Social Class Predicts Increased Unethical Behavior”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 109/11 (13 Mart 2012), 4086-4091. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1118373109
  • Râzî, Ebu Bekir. et-Tıbbu’r-Ruhanî/Ruh Sağlığı. çev. Hüseyin Karaman. İstanbul: İz Yayıncılık, 2004.
  • Schimmel, Solomon. The Seven Deadly Sins: Jewish, Christian, and Classical Reflections on Human Psychology. New York Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.
  • Sekhar, Sujit vd. “Dispositional Greed and Its Dark Allies: An Investigation among Prospective Managers”. Personality and Individual Differences 162 (01 Ağustos 2020), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110005
  • Seuntjens, Terri G. vd. “Defining Greed”. British Journal of Psychology (London, England: 1953) 106/3 (2015a), 505-525. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12100
  • Seuntjens, Terri G. vd. “Dispositional Greed”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 108/6 (2015), 917-933. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000031
  • Seuntjens, Terri G. vd. “Greedy Bastards: Testing the Relationship Between Wanting More and Unethical Behavior”. Personality and Individual Differences 138 (2019), 147-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.09.027
  • Stenstrom, Douglas M. - Curtis, Mathew. “Pride, Sloth/Lust/Gluttony, Envy, Greed/Wrath”: Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Religion 8/7 (2012), 1-27.
  • Taylor, Gabriele. Deadly Vices. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.
  • Tickle, Phyllis A. Greed: The Seven Deadly Sins. USA: Oxford University Press, 2004.
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There are 66 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Islamic Studies (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Esra İrk 0000-0002-0607-9210

Publication Date March 15, 2024
Submission Date November 20, 2023
Acceptance Date February 6, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

ISNAD İrk, Esra. “Açgözlülüğün Doğası Ve İnsan Hayatına Yıkıcı Etkileri”. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 11/1 (March 2024), 202-226. https://doi.org/10.51702/esoguifd.1393611.

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