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Organik, İnorganik ve Nano Minerallerin Etlik Piliçlerde Etkinlikleri

Year 2021, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 20 - 26, 29.06.2021

Abstract

Artan nüfus ile birlikte ülkemizde 2019 yılında 1,2 milyon ton kırmızı et tüketilirken, 1,9 milyon ton da tavuk eti tüketilmiştir. Bu bağlamda üretim süresinin kısa, az işgücüne ihtiyaç duyması, iyi bir hayvansal protein kaynağı ve kırmızı etten daha ucuz olması gibi nedenlerden dolayı broyler üretimi kanatlı üretimi içerisinde önemli bir yere sahiptir. Broyler yetiştiriciliğinde üretim sürecindeki verimliliği artırmaya yönelik üzerinde yoğun çalışma yapılan alanlardan biri de beslemedir. Beslemede temel amaç, çeşitli faktörlerin etkisinde olan kanatlının beslenme gereksinimlerini karşılamak ve yemlerin bileşiminde bulunan besin maddelerinden yararlanımı en yüksek düzeye çıkartmaktır. Broylerin hızlı büyüme ve gelişimi dikkate alındığında, sadece yüksek kalitede protein beslemesi sağlamasının değil, aynı zamanda uygun bir mineral dengesi oluşturmasının da önemli olduğu belirtilmektedir. Mineraller sadece kanatlılar değil tüm çiftlik hayvanları için gereklidir ve bunlar tek tek veya diğer minerallerle birlikte metabolik faaliyetler, farklı dokuların gelişimi ve onarımı, büyüme, bağışıklık ve üreme sistemleri gibi birçok olayda yer alırlar. Broylerde, mineral gereksinimleri diğer besin maddelerinden daha düşük olmasına rağmen, mineraller arasındaki antagonizma ve yem bileşenleriyle etkileşimleri biyoyararlanımı azaltabilmekte ve eksikliklere neden olabilmektedir. Son zamanlarda, farklı mineral formları ile broyler tavuklar üzerine birçok çalışma yapılmış. Özellikle kanatlı rasyonlarına katılan minerallerden en etkin şekilde yararlanılabilmesi amacıyla inorganik mineraller yerine organik mineral kaynaklarının kullanılması geçtiğimiz yıllarda gündeme gelmiştir. Benzer şekilde, günümüzde ise gerek inorganik gerekse organik mineral kaynaklarına alternatif olan ve yüksek düzeyde yararlanılabilirliğe sahip nano minerallerin yem katkı maddesi olarak kullanımına yönelik çalışmalar ise giderek hız kazanmaktadır. Bu derleme; son yıllarda etlik piliçlerdeki (broiler) organik mineral, inorganik mineral ve nano minerallerin etkinliklerine ilişkin literatür verilerini özetlemektedir.

References

  • [1] A. Akdağ, “Farklı Kalsiyum ve Fosfor Düzeyli Karmalarla Yemlenen Etlik Piliçlerin Büyüme Performansı, Et Kalitesi ve Bazı Kan, Kemik ve Dışkı Parametreleri,” Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2017.
  • [2] M. H. Zafar and M. Fatima, “Efficiency Comparison Of Organic And Inorganic Minerals İn Poultry Nutrition,” Payment Systems Magazine, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 53–59, 2018.
  • [3] G. Wang et al., “Comparison Of Inorganic And Organically Bound Trace Minerals On Tissue Mineral Deposition And Fecal Excretion İn Broiler Breeders,” Biol. Trace Elem. Res., vol. 189, no. 1, pp. 224–232, 2019, doi: 10.1007/s12011-018-1460-5.
  • [4] S. Çalışlar and H. Kuştimur, “Aspir Küspesinin Tavuklarda Performans, Yumurta Kalite Özellikleri, Yumurta Sarısı Yağ asitleri Ve Kolesterol Düzeyine Etkisi,” Anadolu Tarım Bilim. Derg., vol. 32, no. 2, p. 269, 2017, doi: 10.7161/omuanajas.321121.
  • [5] F. M. Salem, A. M. Hassan, A. A. A. El-dayem, and K. A. El-galil, “The Effective Role Of Selenium And Zinc On Broilers Performance,” Mısır Beslenme ve Yemler Derg., vol. 22, no. 2018, pp. 167–178, 2019.
  • [6] A. Khatun, S. Das Chowdhury, B. C. Roy, B. Dey, A. Haque, and B. Chandran, “Comparative Effects Of Inorganic And Three Forms Of Organic Trace Minerals On Growth Performance , Carcass Traits , Immunity , And Profitability Of Broilers,” J. Vet. Anim. Res., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 66–73, 2019.
  • [7] J. Pierce, T. Ao, P. Charlton, and L. A. Tucker, “Organic Minerals For Broilers And Laying Hens: Reviewing The Status Of Research So Far,” Worlds. Poult. Sci. J., vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 493–498, 2019, doi: 10.1017/S004393390900035X.
  • [8] K. Akhtar, N. Chand, S. Khan, S. Dai, and R. U. Khan, “Supplementation Of Organic Minerals And Its Effect On Production Performance And Egg Quality Of Laying Hens,” J. Anim. Physiol. Nutr., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 12–16, 2020, doi: 10.46417/japn/2020.003.
  • [9] B. C. Güz, R. Molenaar, I. C. de Jong, B. Kemp, H. van den Brand, and M. van Krimpen, “Effects Of Dietary Organic Minerals, Fish Oil, And Hydrolyzed Collagen On Growth Performance And Tibia Characteristics Of Broiler Chickens,” Poult. Sci., vol. 98, no. 12, pp. 6552–6563, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez427.
  • [10] R. R. Savaram Venkata, P. Bhukya, M. V. L. N. Raju, and R. Ullengala, “Effect Of Dietary Supplementation Of Organic Trace Minerals At Reduced Concentrations On Performance, Bone Mineralization, And Antioxidant Variables In Broiler Chicken Reared In Two Different Seasons In A Tropical Region,” Biol. Trace Elem. Res., pp. 1–8, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s12011-020-02481-5.
  • [11] Z. Zhu et al., “Effects Of The Different Levels Of Dietary Trace Elements From Organic Or Inorganic Sources On Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Meat Quality, And Faecal Mineral Excretion Of Broilers,” Arch. Anim. Nutr., vol. 73, no. 4, pp. 324–337, Jul. 2019, doi: 10.1080/1745039X.2019.1620050.
  • [12] G. Wang et al., “Effects Of Replacing Inorganic Trace Minerals With Organic Trace Minerals On The Production Performance, Blood Profiles, And Antioxidant Status Of Broiler Breeders,” Poult. Sci., vol. 98, no. 7, pp. 2888–2895, 2019, doi: 10.3382/ps/pez035.
  • [13] W. Sun et al., “Effects Of Replacing Inorganic With Respective Complexed Glycinate Minerals On Apparent Mineral Bioavailability And Deposition Rate In Tissues Of Broiler Breeders,” Biol. Trace Elem. Res., vol. 198, no. 2, pp. 654–660, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s12011-020-02102-1.
  • [14] C. Bortoluzzi, B. S. Vieira, and T. J. Applegate, “Influence Of Dietary Zinc , Copper , And Manganese On The Intestinal Health Of Broilers Under Eimeria Challenge,” Front Vet Sci., vol. 7, no. January, pp. 1–7, 2020, doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00013.
  • [15] A. L. Mehring, J. H. Brumbaugh, A. J. Sutherland, and H. W. Titus, “The Tolerance of Growing Chickens For Dietary Copper,” Poult. Sci., vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 713–719, 1960, doi: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0390713.
  • [16] A. M. Burin, N. L. M. Fernandes, A. Snak, A. Fireman, D. Horn, and J. I. M. Fernandes, “Arginine And Manganese Supplementation On The Immune Competence Of Broilers Immune Stimulated With Vaccine Against Salmonella Enteritidis,” Poult. Sci., vol. 98, no. 5, pp. 2160–2168, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey570.
  • [17] S. Mwangi et al., “Effect Of Manganese Preconditioning And Replacing Inorganic Manganese With Organic Manganese On Performance Of Male Broiler Chicks,” Poult. Sci., vol. 98, no. 5, pp. 2105–2113, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey564.
  • [18] S. Bai et al., “Effects Of Dietary Iron Concentration On Manganese Utilization İn Broilers Fed With Manganese-Lysine Chelate-Supplemented Diet,” Biol. Trace Elem. Res., vol. 198, no. 1, pp. 231–242, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s12011-020-02035-9.
  • [19] X. Wang, A. S. Kiess, E. D. Peebles, K. G. S. Wamsley, and W. Zhai, “Effects Of Bacillus Subtilis And Zinc On The Growth Performance, Internal Organ Development, And Intestinal Morphology Of Male Broilers With Or Without Subclinical Coccidia Challenge,” Poult. Sci., vol. 97, no. 11, pp. 3947–3956, 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey262.
  • [20] Y. Yu, L. Lu, S. Li, L. Zhang, and X. Luo, “Organic Zinc Absorption From The Gut Of Broilers In Vivo,” İngiliz Beslenme Derg., vol. 117, no. 8, pp. 1086–1094, 2017, doi: 10.1017/S0007114517001040.
  • [21] U. T. Mahmoud et al., “Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Prevents Multidrug Resistant Staphylococcus-Induced Footpad Dermatitis in Broilers,” Avian Pathol., no. January, pp. 1–55, Jan. 2021, doi: 10.1080/03079457.2021.1875123.
  • [22] R. Vieira et al., “Feeding Low Dietary Levels Of Organic Trace Minerals Improves Broiler Performance And Reduces Excretion Of Minerals In Litter,” Br. Poult. Sci., vol. 61, no. 5, pp. 574–582, Sep. 2020, doi: 10.1080/00071668.2020.1764908.
  • [23] S. Dukare et al., “A Comparative Study On The Antioxidant Status, Meat Quality, And Mineral Deposition In Broiler Chicken Fed Dietary Nano Zinc Viz-A-Viz Inorganic Zinc,” J. Food Sci. Technol., pp. 1–10, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s13197-020-04597-x.
  • [24] Ö. Kas, “Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi Kanatlı Beslemede İz Mineraller Ve Şelat Formlarının Etkinliği,” Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknol. Derg., vol. 4, no. 11, pp. 946–951, 2016.

Efficiency of Organic, Inorganic and Nano Minerals in Broilers

Year 2021, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 20 - 26, 29.06.2021

Abstract

With the increasing population, 1.2 million tons of red meat was consumed in our country in 2019, while 1.9 million tons of chicken meat was consumed. In this context, broiler production has an important place in poultry production due to reasons such as short production time, requiring less labor, a good source of animal protein and being cheaper than red meat. Feeding is one of the areas on which intensive work has been done to increase efficiency in the production process in broiler breeding. The main purpose of feeding is to meet the nutritional needs of the birds, which are under the influence of various factors, and to maximize the utilization of nutrients in the composition of feeds. Given the rapid growth and development of broilers, it is noted that it is important not only to provide a high quality protein feed, but also to create an appropriate mineral balance. Minerals are essential for all livestock, not just poultry, and they are involved in many events, such as metabolic activities, development and repair of different tissues, growth, immune and reproductive systems, individually or in combination with other minerals. Although the mineral requirements of broilers are lower than other nutrients, their antagonism between minerals and their interactions with feed ingredients can reduce bioavailability and cause deficiencies. Recently, many studies have been done on broiler chickens with different mineral forms. In recent years, the use of organic mineral resources instead of inorganic minerals has come to the fore in order to make the most effective use of minerals that are added to poultry diets. Similarly, studies on the use of nano-minerals as feed additives, which are alternative to both inorganic and organic mineral sources and have high availability, are gaining momentum. This review; summarizes the literature data on the effectiveness of organic minerals, inorganic minerals and nano-minerals in broiler chickens in recent years.

References

  • [1] A. Akdağ, “Farklı Kalsiyum ve Fosfor Düzeyli Karmalarla Yemlenen Etlik Piliçlerin Büyüme Performansı, Et Kalitesi ve Bazı Kan, Kemik ve Dışkı Parametreleri,” Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2017.
  • [2] M. H. Zafar and M. Fatima, “Efficiency Comparison Of Organic And Inorganic Minerals İn Poultry Nutrition,” Payment Systems Magazine, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 53–59, 2018.
  • [3] G. Wang et al., “Comparison Of Inorganic And Organically Bound Trace Minerals On Tissue Mineral Deposition And Fecal Excretion İn Broiler Breeders,” Biol. Trace Elem. Res., vol. 189, no. 1, pp. 224–232, 2019, doi: 10.1007/s12011-018-1460-5.
  • [4] S. Çalışlar and H. Kuştimur, “Aspir Küspesinin Tavuklarda Performans, Yumurta Kalite Özellikleri, Yumurta Sarısı Yağ asitleri Ve Kolesterol Düzeyine Etkisi,” Anadolu Tarım Bilim. Derg., vol. 32, no. 2, p. 269, 2017, doi: 10.7161/omuanajas.321121.
  • [5] F. M. Salem, A. M. Hassan, A. A. A. El-dayem, and K. A. El-galil, “The Effective Role Of Selenium And Zinc On Broilers Performance,” Mısır Beslenme ve Yemler Derg., vol. 22, no. 2018, pp. 167–178, 2019.
  • [6] A. Khatun, S. Das Chowdhury, B. C. Roy, B. Dey, A. Haque, and B. Chandran, “Comparative Effects Of Inorganic And Three Forms Of Organic Trace Minerals On Growth Performance , Carcass Traits , Immunity , And Profitability Of Broilers,” J. Vet. Anim. Res., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 66–73, 2019.
  • [7] J. Pierce, T. Ao, P. Charlton, and L. A. Tucker, “Organic Minerals For Broilers And Laying Hens: Reviewing The Status Of Research So Far,” Worlds. Poult. Sci. J., vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 493–498, 2019, doi: 10.1017/S004393390900035X.
  • [8] K. Akhtar, N. Chand, S. Khan, S. Dai, and R. U. Khan, “Supplementation Of Organic Minerals And Its Effect On Production Performance And Egg Quality Of Laying Hens,” J. Anim. Physiol. Nutr., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 12–16, 2020, doi: 10.46417/japn/2020.003.
  • [9] B. C. Güz, R. Molenaar, I. C. de Jong, B. Kemp, H. van den Brand, and M. van Krimpen, “Effects Of Dietary Organic Minerals, Fish Oil, And Hydrolyzed Collagen On Growth Performance And Tibia Characteristics Of Broiler Chickens,” Poult. Sci., vol. 98, no. 12, pp. 6552–6563, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez427.
  • [10] R. R. Savaram Venkata, P. Bhukya, M. V. L. N. Raju, and R. Ullengala, “Effect Of Dietary Supplementation Of Organic Trace Minerals At Reduced Concentrations On Performance, Bone Mineralization, And Antioxidant Variables In Broiler Chicken Reared In Two Different Seasons In A Tropical Region,” Biol. Trace Elem. Res., pp. 1–8, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s12011-020-02481-5.
  • [11] Z. Zhu et al., “Effects Of The Different Levels Of Dietary Trace Elements From Organic Or Inorganic Sources On Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Meat Quality, And Faecal Mineral Excretion Of Broilers,” Arch. Anim. Nutr., vol. 73, no. 4, pp. 324–337, Jul. 2019, doi: 10.1080/1745039X.2019.1620050.
  • [12] G. Wang et al., “Effects Of Replacing Inorganic Trace Minerals With Organic Trace Minerals On The Production Performance, Blood Profiles, And Antioxidant Status Of Broiler Breeders,” Poult. Sci., vol. 98, no. 7, pp. 2888–2895, 2019, doi: 10.3382/ps/pez035.
  • [13] W. Sun et al., “Effects Of Replacing Inorganic With Respective Complexed Glycinate Minerals On Apparent Mineral Bioavailability And Deposition Rate In Tissues Of Broiler Breeders,” Biol. Trace Elem. Res., vol. 198, no. 2, pp. 654–660, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s12011-020-02102-1.
  • [14] C. Bortoluzzi, B. S. Vieira, and T. J. Applegate, “Influence Of Dietary Zinc , Copper , And Manganese On The Intestinal Health Of Broilers Under Eimeria Challenge,” Front Vet Sci., vol. 7, no. January, pp. 1–7, 2020, doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00013.
  • [15] A. L. Mehring, J. H. Brumbaugh, A. J. Sutherland, and H. W. Titus, “The Tolerance of Growing Chickens For Dietary Copper,” Poult. Sci., vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 713–719, 1960, doi: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0390713.
  • [16] A. M. Burin, N. L. M. Fernandes, A. Snak, A. Fireman, D. Horn, and J. I. M. Fernandes, “Arginine And Manganese Supplementation On The Immune Competence Of Broilers Immune Stimulated With Vaccine Against Salmonella Enteritidis,” Poult. Sci., vol. 98, no. 5, pp. 2160–2168, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey570.
  • [17] S. Mwangi et al., “Effect Of Manganese Preconditioning And Replacing Inorganic Manganese With Organic Manganese On Performance Of Male Broiler Chicks,” Poult. Sci., vol. 98, no. 5, pp. 2105–2113, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey564.
  • [18] S. Bai et al., “Effects Of Dietary Iron Concentration On Manganese Utilization İn Broilers Fed With Manganese-Lysine Chelate-Supplemented Diet,” Biol. Trace Elem. Res., vol. 198, no. 1, pp. 231–242, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s12011-020-02035-9.
  • [19] X. Wang, A. S. Kiess, E. D. Peebles, K. G. S. Wamsley, and W. Zhai, “Effects Of Bacillus Subtilis And Zinc On The Growth Performance, Internal Organ Development, And Intestinal Morphology Of Male Broilers With Or Without Subclinical Coccidia Challenge,” Poult. Sci., vol. 97, no. 11, pp. 3947–3956, 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey262.
  • [20] Y. Yu, L. Lu, S. Li, L. Zhang, and X. Luo, “Organic Zinc Absorption From The Gut Of Broilers In Vivo,” İngiliz Beslenme Derg., vol. 117, no. 8, pp. 1086–1094, 2017, doi: 10.1017/S0007114517001040.
  • [21] U. T. Mahmoud et al., “Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Prevents Multidrug Resistant Staphylococcus-Induced Footpad Dermatitis in Broilers,” Avian Pathol., no. January, pp. 1–55, Jan. 2021, doi: 10.1080/03079457.2021.1875123.
  • [22] R. Vieira et al., “Feeding Low Dietary Levels Of Organic Trace Minerals Improves Broiler Performance And Reduces Excretion Of Minerals In Litter,” Br. Poult. Sci., vol. 61, no. 5, pp. 574–582, Sep. 2020, doi: 10.1080/00071668.2020.1764908.
  • [23] S. Dukare et al., “A Comparative Study On The Antioxidant Status, Meat Quality, And Mineral Deposition In Broiler Chicken Fed Dietary Nano Zinc Viz-A-Viz Inorganic Zinc,” J. Food Sci. Technol., pp. 1–10, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s13197-020-04597-x.
  • [24] Ö. Kas, “Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi Kanatlı Beslemede İz Mineraller Ve Şelat Formlarının Etkinliği,” Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknol. Derg., vol. 4, no. 11, pp. 946–951, 2016.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Zootechny (Other)
Journal Section Review Article
Authors

İsmail Ulger 0000-0002-9400-6459

Hanife Fidan This is me 0000-0001-8100-705X

Publication Date June 29, 2021
Acceptance Date August 11, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Ulger, İ., & Fidan, H. (2021). Organik, İnorganik ve Nano Minerallerin Etlik Piliçlerde Etkinlikleri. Erciyes Tarım Ve Hayvan Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(1), 20-26.