Evaluation of The Effect of Resistance Power Interval Training Protocol on Acceleration, Agility and Velocity of Movement In Spite of Traditional Strength

Year 2022, Volume: 11 Issue: 4, 1545 - 1558, 22.12.2022

Harun Duran Ali Kızılet İbrahim Can

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1182647

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate of the effect of resistance power interval training protocol on acceleration, agility and velocity of movement in spite of traditional strength training. For this purpose, twenty young volunteers who aren’t licensed sportsmen participated in this study. Participants were divided into two homogeneous groups, Group A (GA, n=10, age: 21,3±1,41; length: 176,4±4,69; height: 68,9±5,6) and Group B (GB, n=10 age: 20.8±1.03; length: 173.7±6.63; height: 63,5±5,9). Before starting the study, the participants were given adaptation training for 2 weeks, after that one repeated maximal force test, full squat movement velocity test, acceleration and pro-agility tests were performed to the participants. While Group A performed traditional strength training (TST); Group B performed resistance power interval training (RPIT) for 6 weeks. After mid tests the training protocols of the groups are changed in a cross-over manner; Group A performed RPIT and Group B performed TST for 6 weeks. After that, posttest measurements of the groups were made. All data recorded in SPSS 20 package program (p<0.05.). Descriptive analysis of demographic characteristics of participants, independent t test for differences between pre, post and mid tests of Group A and B, t test which the differences between the pre, mid and posttests, made in groups themselves, are matched, Mann Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests were used for the analysis of non-normal distribution data. According to result of all the analyzes, it was found that there was no significant difference between the 1RM squat strength, mean propulsive velocity and peak velocity parameters in the propulsive phase of the full squat movement, the acceleration and agility measurement values of 10 meters and 30 meters performed in different periods by the subjects in group A and B (p>0.05). As a results, it was obtained that both training protocols improved performance parameters and there was no significant difference between the protocols. Therefore, it can be asserted that both training protocols can be used to improve the determined performance parameters.

Keywords

Strength, Interval, Acceleration, Agility, Movement Velocity

Geleneksel Kuvvet Antrenmanlarına Karşın Dirençli Güç İnterval Antrenman Protokolünün İvmelenme, Çeviklik ve Hareket Hızına Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, geleneksel kuvvet antrenmanlarına karşın dirençli güç interval antrenman protokolünün ivmelenme, çeviklik ve hareket hızına etkisinin değerlendirilmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, lisanslı sporcu olmayan 20 genç gönüllü olarak katılım sağlamıştır. Katılımcılar, A grubu (AG, n=10, yaş: 21,3 yıl ± 1,41; boy: 176,4 cm. ± 4,69; kilo: 68,9 kg ± 5,6) ve B grubu (BG, n=10 yaş: 20,8 yıl ± 1,03; boy: 173,7 cm ± 6,63; kilo: 63,5 kg ± 5,9) olarak iki homojen gruba ayrılmıştır. Çalışmadan önce katılımcılara 2 hafta adaptasyon antrenmanı yaptırılmıştır. Bir tekrarlı maksimal kuvvet, tam squat hareketinde itme evresindeki hareket hızı, ivmelenme ve çeviklik testleri yaptırılmıştır. A Grubuna 6 haftalık geleneksel kuvvet antrenmanları (GKA), B Grubuna dirençli güç interval antrenmanları (DGİA) uygulanmıştır. Ara testler sonrasında antrenman protokolleri gruplar arasında çaprazlama değiştirilerek A Grubu DGİA, B Grubu ise GKA olarak 6 hafta devam ettirilmiştir. Ardından son testler yaptırılmıştır. Veriler SPSS 20 paket programında analiz edilmiştir (p<0.05). Katılımcıların demografik özelliklerine ait tanımlayıcı analizler; AG ve BCG’nin ön, son ve ara testleri arasındaki farklar için bağımsız t test; gruplarının kendi içerisinde ön, ara ve son test arasındaki farklar eşleştirilmiş t test normal dağılım göstermeyen verilerin analizi için Mann Whitney U ve Wilcoxon testleri kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, AG ve BG’deki katılımcılara farklı dönemlerde uygulanan 1TM squat kuvveti, tam squat hareketinin itme evresindeki ortalama itme hızı ve zirve hız parametreleri; 10-30 metre ivmelenme ve çeviklik ölçümleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık olmadığı görülmüştür (p>0.05). Sonuç olarak; her iki antrenman protokolünün de performans parametrelerini geliştirdiği ve protokoller arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olmadığı elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca, belirtilen performans parametrelerini geliştirmek için her iki protokolün de kullanılabileceği ileri sürülebilir.

Keywords

Kuvvet, interval, İvmelenme, Çeviklik, Hareket Hızı

References

• 1. Juan, J, Gonzalez-Badillo, J.J, Marques, M.C. and Sanchez-Medina, L. (2011). “The Importance of Movement Velocity as a Measure to Control Resistance Training Intensity”. Journal of Human Kinetics, Special Issue, 15-19.
• 2. Holly, J, Benjamin, M.D. and Kimbrerly, M.G. (2003). “Strenght Training for Children and Adolescents”. The Physician and Sport Medicine, Vol, (31), 1-12.
• 3. Aydos, L, Pepe, H. ve Karakuş, H. (2004). “Bazı Takım ve Ferdi Sporlarda Relatif Kuvvet Değerlerinin Araştırılması”. Gazi Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 5 (2), 305-315.
• 4. Cotterman, M.L, Darby, L.A. and Skelly, W.A. (2005). “Comparison of Muscle Force Production Using the Smith Machine and Free Weights for Bench Press and Squat Exercises”. J. Strength Cond. Res, (19), 76-169.
• 5. Fox, E.L, Bowers, R.W. and Foss, M.L. (2012). “Beden Eğitimi ve Sporun Fizyolojik Temelleri”. (Çev. Mesut Cerit) Ankara, Spor Yayınevi ve Kitabevi, (Eserin orijinali 1988 yılında yayımlandı.). 6-24.
• 6. Bompa, T.O, Pasquale, M.D. and Cornacchia, L.J. (2015). “Nitelikli Kuvvet Antrenmanı”. (Çev. Tanju Bağırgan, çev. Edt. Gazanfer Gül) Ankara, Spor Yayınevi ve Kitabevi, (Eserin orijinali 2003 yılında yayımlandı.). 18-93.
• 7. Laursen, P.B, Shing, C.M, Peake, J.M, Coombes, J.S. and Jenkins, D.G. (2005). “Influence of High-Intensity Interval Training on Adaptations in Welltrained Cyclists”. J Strength Cond Res, 19 (3), 527-533.
• 8. Harman, E. (2008). “Biomechanics of Resistance Exercise”. In Beachle, T.R., and Earle, W.R. (Eds.). Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning (3rd edition) United States: Human Kinetics, pp, 65-92.
• 9. Haci, M.S. (2014). “Relationships Between Acceleration, Agility and Jumping Ability In Female Volleyball Players”. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 4 (1), 303-308.
• 10. Özbay, S, Ulupınar, S. ve Özkara, A.B. (2018). “Sporda Çeviklik Performansı”. Ulusal Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(2), 97-112.
• 11. Çelik N. (2016). Futbolcularda Dengenin Çeviklik Üzerine Etkisi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
• 12. Marta, I.R. Pereira and Paulo S.C. Gomes. (2003). “Movement Velocity in Resistance Training”. Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health and Graduate Program in Physical Education. Sports Med, 33 (6), 427-438.
• 13. Mladen, J. and Eamonn, P. Flanagan. (2014). “Researched Applications of Velocity Based Strength Training”. J. Aust. Strength Cond, 22 (2), 58-69. © ASCA.
• 14. Aristide G, Carlo, V. and Maria, F.P. (2018). “The Role of Velocity Based Training in the Strength Periodization for Modern Athletes”. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology. 3, 55, doi:10.3390/jfmk3040055.
• 15. Murray, D.P, Bera, S.G, Brown, L.E. and Findley, B.W. (2007). “Strength assessment”. In Brown, E. L. (Eds.). Strength Training: National Strength and Conditioning Association, United States, Human Kinetics, pp, 97-112.
• 16. Beachle, T.R, Earle, R.W. and Wathen, D. (2008). “Resistance Training”. In Beachle, T, Earle, R.W. (Ed). Essentials of strength training and conditioning (3rd edition) (pp, 381-412). United State, Champaign IL, Human Kinetics.
• 17. Earle, R.W. and Beachle, T.R. (2008). “Resistance Training and Spotting Techniques”. In Beachle, T.R, Earle, R.W. (Ed). Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning (3rd edition) (pp, 325-376). United State, Champaign IL, Human Kinetics.
• 18. Can, I. ve Bayrakdaroğlu, S. (2019). “Türk Milli Boksör ve Kickbokscularda Üst Vücut Kuvvet Özelliği ve Bench Throw Hareketi Esnasındaki Bazı Parametrelerin Karşılaştırılması”. C.B.Ü, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 14 (1), 121-128.
• 19. Sheppard, J.M. and Young, W.B. (2006). “Agility Literature Review: Classifications, Training and Testing”. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24 (9), 919–932.
• 20. Özkara, A. (2002). “Futbolda Testler”. 1. Baskı, Ankara: İlksan Matbaacılık, s,1-55.
• 21. Harman, E, Garhammer, J. and Pandorf, C. (2000). “Administration, Scoring and Interpretation of Selected Tests”. Baechle, T.R., Earle, R.W. (Editörler). Essentials of Strength and Conditioning. Champaign, Human Kinetics, 249–292.
• 22. Rouissi, M, Turki, O, Bragazzi, N.L, Owen, A, Haddad, M, Chamari, K. and Chtara, M. (2018) “Effect of Post-Activation Potentiation Induced by One, Two or Three Half-Squats on Repeated Sprint Acceleration Performance”. Muscles, Ligaments and Tendons Journal, 8 (1), 28-36.
• 23. Griffiths, B, Grant, J, Langdown, L, Gentil, P, Fisher J. and Steele, J. (2019). “The Effect of In-Season Traditional and Explosive Resistance Training Programs on Strength, Jump Height, and Speed in Recreational Soccer Players”. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 90,1, 95-102,
• 24. Bouguezzi, R, Chaabene, H, Negra, Y, Ramirez-Campillo, R, Jlalia, Z, Mkaouer, B. and Hachana, Y. (2018). “Effects of Different Plyometric Training Frequency on Measures of Athletic Performance in Prepuberal Male Soccer Players”. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research Publish Ahead of Print Copyright, National Strength and Conditioning, 2018. Association.
• 25. Martinopoulou, K, Argeitaki, P, Paradisis, G, Katsikas, C. and Smirniotou, A. (2011). “The Effects of Resisted Training Using Parachute on Sprint Performance”. Biology of Exercise, 7(1), 7-23. Doi: http:doi.org/10.4127/jbe.2011.0040.
• 26. Azmi, K. and Kusnanik, N.W. (2018). “Effect of Exercise Program Speed, Agility, and Quickness (SAQ) in Improving Speed, Agility and Acceleration”. Series, Journal of Physics, Conf. Series, 947. doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/947/1/012043.
• 27. Zghal F, Colson, S.S, Blain, G, Behm, D.G, Granacher, U. and Chaouachi, A. (2019). “Combined Resistance and Plyometric Training Is More Effective Than Plyometric Training Alone for Improving Physical Fitness of Pubertal Soccer Players”. Front. Physiol, 10, 1026.
• 28. Pamuk, Ö. ve Özkaya, Y.G. (2017). “15-17 Yaş Erkek Basketbolculara Uygulanan Dirençli Pliometrik Antrenmanların Sprint ve Çeviklik Performansına Etkisi”, Journal of Sportive Performance Researches, 1 (1), 1-13.
• 29. Speirs, D.E, Bennett, M.A, Finn, C.V. and Turner, A.P. (2016). “Unilateral vs. Bilateral Squat Training for Strength, Sprints, and Agility in Academy Rugby Rlayers. J Strength Cond Res. 30 (2), 386–392.
• 30. Hammami, M, Negra, Y, Billaut, F, Hermassi, S, Shephard, R. and Chelly, M.S. (2017). “Effects of Lower-Limb Strength Training on Agility, Repeated Sprinting With Changes of Direction, Leg Peak Power, and Neuromuscular Adaptations of Soccer Players”. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 32, 1, 10.
• 31. Gonzalez-Garcia, J, Morencos, E, Balsalobre-Fernandez, C, Cuellar-Rayo, A. and Romero-Moraleda, B. (2019). “Effects of 7-Week Hip Thrust Versus Back Squat Resistance Training on Performance in Adolescent Female Soccer Players”. Sports. 7, 80, Sports (ISSN 2075- 4663) an Open Access Journal by MDPI. doi:10.3390/sports7040080.
• 32. Barbalho, M, Gentil, P, Raiol, R, Vecchio, F.B.D, Ramirez-Campillo, R. and Coswig V.S. (2018). “Non-Linear Resistance Training Program Induced Power and Strength but Not Linear Sprint Velocity and Agility Gains in Young Soccer Players”. Sports (Basel). May, 14 (2), 6.
• 33. Christensen, B, Thielen, S, Hackney, K. and Moen, J. (2018). “The Effects of Suspended Weight Resistance Training on Aglitiy in Collegiate Athletes”. Conference of the International Society of Biomechanics in Sports, Auckland, New Zealand, September, 10-14.
• 34. Tomljanovic, M, Spasie, M, Gabrilo, G, Uljevic, O. and Foretic N. (2011). “Effect of Five Weeks of Functional vs. Traditional Resistance Training on Anthropometric and Motor Performance Variables”. Kinesiology, 1, 43.
• 35. Prieske, O, Krüger, T, Aehle, M, Bauer, E. and Granacher, U. (2018). “Effects of Resisted Sprint Training and Traditional Power Training on Sprint, Jump, and Balance Performance in Healthy Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial”. Front. Physiol. 9, 156.
• 36. Hermassi, S, Wollny, R, Schwesig, R, Shephard, R. and Chelly M.S. (2017) “Effects of In-Season Circuit Training on Physical Abilities in Male Handball Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 33, 1.
• 37. Bayrakdaroğlu, S. (2018). Farklı kuvvet yöntemlerinin bazı kinetik ve kinematiklere etkilerinin karşılaştırılması. Doktora Tezi. Düzce Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Düzce.
• 38. Loturco, I, Nakamura, F.Y, Kobal, R, Gil, S, Abad, C.C.C, Cuniyochi, R. and Roschel, H. (2015). “Training for Power and Speed: Effects of Increasing or Decreasing Jump Squat Velocity in Elite Young Soccer Players”. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 29 (10), 2771-2779.