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Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl and fluzifob-p-butyl herbicides

Year 2017, , 5 - 8, 10.10.2017
https://doi.org/10.5152/IstanbulJPharm.2017.002

Abstract

Human populations are exposed to several toxic substances in the environment, including pesticides. Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (FPE) and fluzifob-p-butyl (FPB) herbicides are extensively used in agricultural fields due to their high target selectivity and low non-target toxicity. They are known as aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor. In the study, we aimed to evaluate the toxic potentials of FPE and FPB herbicides. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay in the range of 15.6-500.0 μM exposure concentrations in mouse fibroblast (BALB/3T3) cell line. Also, we investigated their DNA damage potentials on BALB/3T3 cells by using alkaline Comet assay. The results indicated that FPE and FPB showed no evidence of DNA damage. And, the cell viability was more than 20% at 12.5-400 μM exposure concentrations. FPE and FPB might be safe according to our results and the previously studies, and there would be public health benefits from encouraging its use in the place of more toxic herbicide products.

References

  • Abd-Alrahman SH, Elhalwagy ME, Kotb GA, Farid H, Farag AA, Draz HM, Isa AM, Sabico S (2014). Exposure to difenoconazole, diclofop-methyl alone and combination alters oxidative stress and biochemical parameters in albino rats. Int J Clin Exp Med 7 (10): 3637. • Abudayyak M, Altıncekic T, Özhan G (2017). In vitro toxicological assessment of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles in several mammalian cell types. Biol Trace Element Res 175 (2): 458-465. [CrossRef ] • Asshauer J, Dorn E, Fischer R, Kurzmeier E (1990). Behaviour of fenoxaprop-ethyl in the environment-degradation and effect in the ecosystem. Z Pflanzenkr Pflanzenschutz 12: 417-425. • Bakkali Y, Ruiz-Santaella J P, Osuna M D, Wagner J, Fischer A J, De Prado R (2007). Late watergrass (Echinochloa phyllopogon): mechanisms involved in the resistance to fenoxaprop-p-ethyl. J Agric Food Chem 55 (10): 4052-4058. [CrossRef ] • Betancourt M, Reséndiz A (2006). Effect of two insecticides and two herbicides on the porcine sperm motility patterns using computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) in vitro. Reprod Toxicol 22 (3): 508-512. [CrossRef ] • Bieringer H, Horlein G, Langeluddeke P, Handte R (1982). HOE 33171: A new selective herbicide for the control of annual and perennial warm climate grass weeds in broadleaf crops, In. Proc Brighton Crop Prot Conf-Weeds 1: 11-17. • Casas E, Bonilla E, Ducolomb Y, Betancourt M (2010). Differential effects of herbicides atrazine and fenoxapropethyl, and insecticides diazinon and malathion, on viability and maturation of porcine oocytes in vitro. Toxicol in Vitro 24 (1): 224-230. [CrossRef ] • Dorn E, Schmidt E, Rutz U, Kellner HM, Leist KH (1985). Metabolism in male and female rats after single and repeated oral administration, respectively of a low and a high dose. Hoechst-Roussel Agri-Vet Company, DPR, Pesticide Registration Library Doc. No. 51910-519031. • Extoxnet (1996). Fluazifop-p-butyl. Pesticide information profiles. Extension Toxicology Network. http://ace.orst. edu/info/extoxnet/ • Hay A (1981). Herbicide safety: Bill of health. Nature 289: 4-5. [CrossRef ] • Hongming L, Xu L, Zhaojian G, Fan Y, Dingbin C, Jianchun Z, Jianhong X, Shunpeng L, Qing H (2015). Isolation of an aryloxyphenoxy propanoate (AOPP) herbicide-degrading strain Rhodococcus ruber JPL-2 and the cloning of a novel carboxylesterase gene (feh). Braz J Microbiol 46 (2): 425- 432. [CrossRef ] • Horbowicz M, Sempruch C, Kosson R, Koczkodaj D, Walas D (2013). Effect of fluazifop-p-butyl treatment on pigments and polyamines level within tissues of nontarget maize plants. Pestic Biochem Physiol 107 (1): 78- 85. [CrossRef ] • Karadeniz A, Kaya B, Savaş B, Topcuoğlu F (2015). Effects of two herbicides, fluazyfop-p-butyl and fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, on genotoxicity in drosophila smart assay and on proliferation and viability of hek293 cells from the perspective of carcinogenesis. Fresen Environ Bull 24 (6): 2052-2054. • Kostka G, Palut D, Ludwicki JK, Kopeć-Szlęzak J, Wiadrowska B, Lembowicz K (2002). Hepatocellular peroxisome proliferation and DNA synthesis in Wistar rats treated with herbicide fluazifop. Toxicol 178 (3): 221-228. [CrossRef ] • Lin J, Chen J, Cai X, Qiao X, Huang L, Wang D, Wang Z (2007). Evolution of toxicity upon hydrolysis of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl. J Agric Food Chem 55 (18): 7626-7629. [CrossRef ] • Morrison HI, Wilkins K, Semenciw R, Mao Y, Wigle D (1992). Herbicides and cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 84: 1866-1874. [CrossRef ] • Olszyk D, Blakeley‐Smith M, Pfleeger T, Lee E H, Plocher M (2013). Effects of low levels of herbicides on prairie species of the Willamette Valley, Oregon. Environ Toxicol Chem 32 (11): 2542-2551. [CrossRef ] • Ore A, Olayinka ET (2016). Fluazifop-p-butyl, an aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicide, diminishes renal and hepatic functions and triggers testicular oxidative stress in orally exposed rats. Toxicol Ind. Health 0748233716657763. • Peterson DE, Regehr DL, Thompson CR, Al-Khatib K, (2011). Herbicide Mode of Action. Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, 9-15. • Saunders DS, Harper C (1994). Pesticides. In: Hayes AW (ed.), Principles and Methods of Toxicology, 3rd ed. Raven Press, New York, pp. 389-415. • Shimabukuro R H, Hoffer B L (1995). Enantiomers of diclofop- methyl and their role in herbicide mechanism of action. Pestic Biochem Physiol 51 (1): 68-82. [CrossRef ] • Speit G, Hartmann A (1999). The comet assay (Single-Cell Gel Test) a sensitive genotoxicity test for the detection of DNA damage and repair. DNA Repair Protocols: Eukaryotic Systems, 203-212. [CrossRef ] • Tehranchian P, Norsworthy J.K, Korres NE, McElroy S, Chen S, Scott, RC (2016). Resistance to aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides in Amazon sprangletop: Confirmation, control, and molecular basis of resistance. Pestic Biochem Physiol 133: 79-84. [CrossRef ] • Tong L (2005). Acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase: crucial metabolic enzyme and attractive target for drug discovery. Cell Mol Biol 62 (16): 1784-1803. [CrossRef ] • Tu M, Hurd C, Randall JM (2001). Weed control methods handbook: tools & techniques for use in natural areas. The Nature Conservancy, Report. • Van Meerloo J, Kaspers GJ, Cloos J (2011). Cell sensitivity assays: the MTT assay. Cancer cell culture: methods and protocols, 237-245. [CrossRef ] • Walia U, Brar L, Dhaliwal B (1998). Performance of clodinafop and fenoxaprop-p-ethyl for the control of phalaris minor in wheat. Ind J Weed Sci 30: 48-50. • Yasin M, Iqbal Z, Safdar ME, Rehman A, Ali A, Asif M, Aziz M, Tanveer A, Pervez MA (2011). Phalaris minor control, resistance development and strategies for integrated management of resistance to fenoxaprop-ethyl. Afr J Biotechnol 10 (56): 11802-11807. • Zawahir S, Roberts DM, Palangasinghe C, Mohamed F, Eddleston M, Dawson AH, Buckley NA, Ren L, Medley GA, Gawarammana I (2009). Acute intentional self-poisoning with a herbicide product containing fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, ethoxysulfuron, and isoxadifen ethyl: a prospective observational study. Clin Toxicol 47 (8): 792-797. [CrossRef ]
Year 2017, , 5 - 8, 10.10.2017
https://doi.org/10.5152/IstanbulJPharm.2017.002

Abstract

References

  • Abd-Alrahman SH, Elhalwagy ME, Kotb GA, Farid H, Farag AA, Draz HM, Isa AM, Sabico S (2014). Exposure to difenoconazole, diclofop-methyl alone and combination alters oxidative stress and biochemical parameters in albino rats. Int J Clin Exp Med 7 (10): 3637. • Abudayyak M, Altıncekic T, Özhan G (2017). In vitro toxicological assessment of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles in several mammalian cell types. Biol Trace Element Res 175 (2): 458-465. [CrossRef ] • Asshauer J, Dorn E, Fischer R, Kurzmeier E (1990). Behaviour of fenoxaprop-ethyl in the environment-degradation and effect in the ecosystem. Z Pflanzenkr Pflanzenschutz 12: 417-425. • Bakkali Y, Ruiz-Santaella J P, Osuna M D, Wagner J, Fischer A J, De Prado R (2007). Late watergrass (Echinochloa phyllopogon): mechanisms involved in the resistance to fenoxaprop-p-ethyl. J Agric Food Chem 55 (10): 4052-4058. [CrossRef ] • Betancourt M, Reséndiz A (2006). Effect of two insecticides and two herbicides on the porcine sperm motility patterns using computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) in vitro. Reprod Toxicol 22 (3): 508-512. [CrossRef ] • Bieringer H, Horlein G, Langeluddeke P, Handte R (1982). HOE 33171: A new selective herbicide for the control of annual and perennial warm climate grass weeds in broadleaf crops, In. Proc Brighton Crop Prot Conf-Weeds 1: 11-17. • Casas E, Bonilla E, Ducolomb Y, Betancourt M (2010). Differential effects of herbicides atrazine and fenoxapropethyl, and insecticides diazinon and malathion, on viability and maturation of porcine oocytes in vitro. Toxicol in Vitro 24 (1): 224-230. [CrossRef ] • Dorn E, Schmidt E, Rutz U, Kellner HM, Leist KH (1985). Metabolism in male and female rats after single and repeated oral administration, respectively of a low and a high dose. Hoechst-Roussel Agri-Vet Company, DPR, Pesticide Registration Library Doc. No. 51910-519031. • Extoxnet (1996). Fluazifop-p-butyl. Pesticide information profiles. Extension Toxicology Network. http://ace.orst. edu/info/extoxnet/ • Hay A (1981). Herbicide safety: Bill of health. Nature 289: 4-5. [CrossRef ] • Hongming L, Xu L, Zhaojian G, Fan Y, Dingbin C, Jianchun Z, Jianhong X, Shunpeng L, Qing H (2015). Isolation of an aryloxyphenoxy propanoate (AOPP) herbicide-degrading strain Rhodococcus ruber JPL-2 and the cloning of a novel carboxylesterase gene (feh). Braz J Microbiol 46 (2): 425- 432. [CrossRef ] • Horbowicz M, Sempruch C, Kosson R, Koczkodaj D, Walas D (2013). Effect of fluazifop-p-butyl treatment on pigments and polyamines level within tissues of nontarget maize plants. Pestic Biochem Physiol 107 (1): 78- 85. [CrossRef ] • Karadeniz A, Kaya B, Savaş B, Topcuoğlu F (2015). Effects of two herbicides, fluazyfop-p-butyl and fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, on genotoxicity in drosophila smart assay and on proliferation and viability of hek293 cells from the perspective of carcinogenesis. Fresen Environ Bull 24 (6): 2052-2054. • Kostka G, Palut D, Ludwicki JK, Kopeć-Szlęzak J, Wiadrowska B, Lembowicz K (2002). Hepatocellular peroxisome proliferation and DNA synthesis in Wistar rats treated with herbicide fluazifop. Toxicol 178 (3): 221-228. [CrossRef ] • Lin J, Chen J, Cai X, Qiao X, Huang L, Wang D, Wang Z (2007). Evolution of toxicity upon hydrolysis of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl. J Agric Food Chem 55 (18): 7626-7629. [CrossRef ] • Morrison HI, Wilkins K, Semenciw R, Mao Y, Wigle D (1992). Herbicides and cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 84: 1866-1874. [CrossRef ] • Olszyk D, Blakeley‐Smith M, Pfleeger T, Lee E H, Plocher M (2013). Effects of low levels of herbicides on prairie species of the Willamette Valley, Oregon. Environ Toxicol Chem 32 (11): 2542-2551. [CrossRef ] • Ore A, Olayinka ET (2016). Fluazifop-p-butyl, an aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicide, diminishes renal and hepatic functions and triggers testicular oxidative stress in orally exposed rats. Toxicol Ind. Health 0748233716657763. • Peterson DE, Regehr DL, Thompson CR, Al-Khatib K, (2011). Herbicide Mode of Action. Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, 9-15. • Saunders DS, Harper C (1994). Pesticides. In: Hayes AW (ed.), Principles and Methods of Toxicology, 3rd ed. Raven Press, New York, pp. 389-415. • Shimabukuro R H, Hoffer B L (1995). Enantiomers of diclofop- methyl and their role in herbicide mechanism of action. Pestic Biochem Physiol 51 (1): 68-82. [CrossRef ] • Speit G, Hartmann A (1999). The comet assay (Single-Cell Gel Test) a sensitive genotoxicity test for the detection of DNA damage and repair. DNA Repair Protocols: Eukaryotic Systems, 203-212. [CrossRef ] • Tehranchian P, Norsworthy J.K, Korres NE, McElroy S, Chen S, Scott, RC (2016). Resistance to aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides in Amazon sprangletop: Confirmation, control, and molecular basis of resistance. Pestic Biochem Physiol 133: 79-84. [CrossRef ] • Tong L (2005). Acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase: crucial metabolic enzyme and attractive target for drug discovery. Cell Mol Biol 62 (16): 1784-1803. [CrossRef ] • Tu M, Hurd C, Randall JM (2001). Weed control methods handbook: tools & techniques for use in natural areas. The Nature Conservancy, Report. • Van Meerloo J, Kaspers GJ, Cloos J (2011). Cell sensitivity assays: the MTT assay. Cancer cell culture: methods and protocols, 237-245. [CrossRef ] • Walia U, Brar L, Dhaliwal B (1998). Performance of clodinafop and fenoxaprop-p-ethyl for the control of phalaris minor in wheat. Ind J Weed Sci 30: 48-50. • Yasin M, Iqbal Z, Safdar ME, Rehman A, Ali A, Asif M, Aziz M, Tanveer A, Pervez MA (2011). Phalaris minor control, resistance development and strategies for integrated management of resistance to fenoxaprop-ethyl. Afr J Biotechnol 10 (56): 11802-11807. • Zawahir S, Roberts DM, Palangasinghe C, Mohamed F, Eddleston M, Dawson AH, Buckley NA, Ren L, Medley GA, Gawarammana I (2009). Acute intentional self-poisoning with a herbicide product containing fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, ethoxysulfuron, and isoxadifen ethyl: a prospective observational study. Clin Toxicol 47 (8): 792-797. [CrossRef ]
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Details

Subjects Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Journal Section Original Article
Authors

Bahar Ulus This is me

Müzeyyen Çeliksöz

Gül Özhan This is me

Publication Date October 10, 2017
Submission Date October 10, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017

Cite

APA Ulus, B., Çeliksöz, M., & Özhan, G. (2017). Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl and fluzifob-p-butyl herbicides. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy, 47(1), 5-8. https://doi.org/10.5152/IstanbulJPharm.2017.002
AMA Ulus B, Çeliksöz M, Özhan G. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl and fluzifob-p-butyl herbicides. iujp. April 2017;47(1):5-8. doi:10.5152/IstanbulJPharm.2017.002
Chicago Ulus, Bahar, Müzeyyen Çeliksöz, and Gül Özhan. “Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Fenoxaprop-P-Ethyl and Fluzifob-P-Butyl Herbicides”. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy 47, no. 1 (April 2017): 5-8. https://doi.org/10.5152/IstanbulJPharm.2017.002.
EndNote Ulus B, Çeliksöz M, Özhan G (April 1, 2017) Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl and fluzifob-p-butyl herbicides. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy 47 1 5–8.
IEEE B. Ulus, M. Çeliksöz, and G. Özhan, “Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl and fluzifob-p-butyl herbicides”, iujp, vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 5–8, 2017, doi: 10.5152/IstanbulJPharm.2017.002.
ISNAD Ulus, Bahar et al. “Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Fenoxaprop-P-Ethyl and Fluzifob-P-Butyl Herbicides”. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy 47/1 (April 2017), 5-8. https://doi.org/10.5152/IstanbulJPharm.2017.002.
JAMA Ulus B, Çeliksöz M, Özhan G. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl and fluzifob-p-butyl herbicides. iujp. 2017;47:5–8.
MLA Ulus, Bahar et al. “Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Fenoxaprop-P-Ethyl and Fluzifob-P-Butyl Herbicides”. İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy, vol. 47, no. 1, 2017, pp. 5-8, doi:10.5152/IstanbulJPharm.2017.002.
Vancouver Ulus B, Çeliksöz M, Özhan G. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl and fluzifob-p-butyl herbicides. iujp. 2017;47(1):5-8.