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Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 50 - 75, 31.12.2023

Abstract

References

  • Andrews, Grant (2010) . Representation and Identity in the Wake of 9/11: Khaled Hosseini’s The Kite Runner, Mohsin Hamid’s The Reluctant Fundamentalist, Frédéric Beigbeder’s Windows on the World and Don DeLillo’s Falling Man. (Unpublished M.A Thesis). University of Stellenbosch.
  • Boles, John B. (1984). Black Southerners 1619-1869. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
  • Bush, George W. (2001, September 20). Presidential Address. Joint Session of Congress. USA. Speech. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/specials/attacked/transcripts/bushaddress¬_092001.html
  • Crenshaw, Martha (2000). The Psychology of Terrorism: An Agenda for the 21st Century. Political Psychology 21(2): 405-420.
  • Ghazali, Abdus Sattar (2012). Islam & Muslims in post-9/11 America. Abdus Sattar Ghazali.
  • Ghazali, Abdus Sattar. (2021, September 14) . American Muslims 20 Years after 9/11. Countercurrents.org. http://countercurrents.org/2021/09/american-muslims-20-years-after-9-11
  • Guevara, Che (1964, December 11). 19th General Assembly of United Nations. [Speech Audio Recording]. https://journalistaslivers.org/homeland-or-death-che-guevera-historic-speech-at-the-un-in-1964
  • Habermas, Jürgen.(2003). Fundamentalism and Terror: A Dialogue with Jürgen Habermas. Philosophy in a Time of Terror: Dialogues with Jürgen Habermas and Jacques Derrida. Ed. Giovanna Borradori. Chicago: University of Chicago.
  • Hooks, Bell. (1990). Marginality as a Site of Resistance. R. Ferguson, et al (Eds).Out There: Marginalization and Contemporary Cultures. Cambridge MA: MIT Press. 341-43.
  • Hubinette, Tobias (2012). Words that Wound: Swedish Whiteness and Its Inability to Accommodate Minority Experiences. http://www.kau.se/en/researchers/tobias-hubinette
  • Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and Social Change. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Franklin, Benjamin (1955, November 11). Pennsylvania Assembly: Reply to the Governor. Votes And Proceedings of the House of Representatives. Philadelphia. 19-21.
  • Leach, Neil (2003). “9/11”. Diacritics 33(3/4) : 75-92.
  • Naqvi, H., M. (2010) Home Boy. New Delhi: Harper Collins Publishers.
  • Rumi, Raza (March 26, 2009). Contemporary Pakistani Literature in the Age of Terror. razarumi.com. http://razarumi.com/contemporary-pakistani-literature-in-the-age-of-terror/
  • Watanabe, Teresa. (2002, September 27). Frustrated U.S Muslims Feel Marginalized Again. Los Angeles Times. http://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-sep-27-story.html

Marginality as a Site of Resistance

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 50 - 75, 31.12.2023

Abstract

Abstract:
Considering the sublime notion of emancipation, enlightenment and transformation associated with research, this chapter explores the response of contemporary Pakistani literature in English, i.e. how writers are responding, reacting and relating to the contemporary reality of terrorism, violence, extremism and suicide bombing. This paper highlights the exclusion and discriminating attitude faced by the Muslim American men and women, specifically the Pakistani Americans, following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 in America. Through the lens of fiction; namely– Home Boy ( H. M. Naqvi), I have endeavored to bring into light the terrible experiences the Pakistani Americans underwent, the humiliation and discrimination they endured at the hands of the American government and individuals, the personal and collective impacts of 9/11 on their lives and above all the ways in which Pakistani Americans have adapted to the post 9/11 attitudes and situations. H. M. Naqvi’s Homeboy deals with the events of 9/11 in varying degrees and relations and adopts various strategies for representing this devastating event. The paper exposes the margins as site of resistance as well as representation and aims at giving voice to the earlier unheard marginalized peoples by exploring the writer’s humble struggle for decolonizing the future i.e. not only disrupting the status quo, but also challenging and questioning it.

References

  • Andrews, Grant (2010) . Representation and Identity in the Wake of 9/11: Khaled Hosseini’s The Kite Runner, Mohsin Hamid’s The Reluctant Fundamentalist, Frédéric Beigbeder’s Windows on the World and Don DeLillo’s Falling Man. (Unpublished M.A Thesis). University of Stellenbosch.
  • Boles, John B. (1984). Black Southerners 1619-1869. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
  • Bush, George W. (2001, September 20). Presidential Address. Joint Session of Congress. USA. Speech. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/specials/attacked/transcripts/bushaddress¬_092001.html
  • Crenshaw, Martha (2000). The Psychology of Terrorism: An Agenda for the 21st Century. Political Psychology 21(2): 405-420.
  • Ghazali, Abdus Sattar (2012). Islam & Muslims in post-9/11 America. Abdus Sattar Ghazali.
  • Ghazali, Abdus Sattar. (2021, September 14) . American Muslims 20 Years after 9/11. Countercurrents.org. http://countercurrents.org/2021/09/american-muslims-20-years-after-9-11
  • Guevara, Che (1964, December 11). 19th General Assembly of United Nations. [Speech Audio Recording]. https://journalistaslivers.org/homeland-or-death-che-guevera-historic-speech-at-the-un-in-1964
  • Habermas, Jürgen.(2003). Fundamentalism and Terror: A Dialogue with Jürgen Habermas. Philosophy in a Time of Terror: Dialogues with Jürgen Habermas and Jacques Derrida. Ed. Giovanna Borradori. Chicago: University of Chicago.
  • Hooks, Bell. (1990). Marginality as a Site of Resistance. R. Ferguson, et al (Eds).Out There: Marginalization and Contemporary Cultures. Cambridge MA: MIT Press. 341-43.
  • Hubinette, Tobias (2012). Words that Wound: Swedish Whiteness and Its Inability to Accommodate Minority Experiences. http://www.kau.se/en/researchers/tobias-hubinette
  • Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and Social Change. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Franklin, Benjamin (1955, November 11). Pennsylvania Assembly: Reply to the Governor. Votes And Proceedings of the House of Representatives. Philadelphia. 19-21.
  • Leach, Neil (2003). “9/11”. Diacritics 33(3/4) : 75-92.
  • Naqvi, H., M. (2010) Home Boy. New Delhi: Harper Collins Publishers.
  • Rumi, Raza (March 26, 2009). Contemporary Pakistani Literature in the Age of Terror. razarumi.com. http://razarumi.com/contemporary-pakistani-literature-in-the-age-of-terror/
  • Watanabe, Teresa. (2002, September 27). Frustrated U.S Muslims Feel Marginalized Again. Los Angeles Times. http://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-sep-27-story.html
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Creative Arts and Writing
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Dr. Arshia Zaib

Publication Date December 31, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Zaib, D. A. (2023). Marginality as a Site of Resistance. Eurasian Journal of English Language and Literature, 5(2), 50-75.