The Effect of Preharvest Salicylic Acid Treatment on Quality Characteristics of Fresh Thyme (Origanum onites L.) During Cold Storage

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 1442 - 1453, 01.09.2023

Serhat Akyüz Mehmet Ali Koyuncu

https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1266619

Abstract

The effect of preharvest salicylic acid (SA) treatments on some oil quality and characteristics of fresh thyme (Origanum onites L.) during storage were investigated. The thyme plants were grouped in three blocks for each SA treatment in an orchard. The first group of plants was treated with 1.5 mM SA 20 days before the bloom stage. The second and third group thymes were treated with 1.5 mM SA and only tap water (control), respectively, 10 days before full bloom. The thyme plants harvested at the full bloom stage were transported immediately to the laboratory. The thyme samples were placed in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) bags and were stored at 1°C and 90 ± 3% relative humidity (RH) for 25 days. Weight loss, leaf color, respiration rate, gas composition in MAP, ethylene production, essential oil and carvacrol content, and sensory quality of thymes were determined during cold storage. SA-treated thymes gave better visual quality, respiration rate, carvacrol content, and ethylene production than the control. As a result, it was determined that preharvest SA treatment could be a promising tool for delaying quality losses in thyme during storage in MAP.

Keywords

Origanum onites L., Preservation, Essential oil, Salicylic acid

Derim Öncesi Salisilik Asit Uygulamasının Soğukta Depolama Boyunca Taze Kekiğin (Origanum onites L.) Kalite Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Derim öncesi salisilik asit (SA) uygulamasının soğukta depolama boyunca taze kekiğin (Origanum onites L.) bazı kalite ve yağ özellikleri üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir. SA uygulamaları için kekikler arazi üzerinde 3 gruba ayrılmıştır. Birinci grup kekiklere tam çiçeklenmeden 20 gün önce 1.5 mM SA uygulaması yapılmıştır. İkinci grup ve kontrol örneklerine tam çiçeklenmeden 10 gün önce sırasıyla 1.5 mM SA ve sadece saf su uygulaması yapılmıştır. Tam çiçeklenme döneminde derilen kekikler hemen laboratuvara nakledilmiştir. MAP’lara yerleştirilen kekikler, 1°C ve %90 ± 3 oransal nemde 25 gün depolanmıştır. Soğukta depolama boyunca ağırlık kaybı, yaprak rengi, solunum hızı, etilen üretimi, MAP içi gaz bileşimi, uçucu yağ ve karvakrol içeriği analizleri ile duyusal değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. SA uygulanmış kekikler kontrol örneklerine kıyasla solunum hızı, etilen üretimi, karvakrol içeriği ve dış görünüş bakımından daha iyi sonuçlar vermiştir. Sonuç olarak, derim öncesi SA uygulamasının MAP içerisinde depolanan taze kekiklerde, kalite kayıplarının geciktirilmesi bakımından ümitvar olabileceği belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Muhafaza, Uçucu yağ, Salisilik asit, Origanum onites L.

References

• Able, A.J., Wong, L.S., Prasad, A., & O’Hare, T.J. (2005). The physiology of senescence in detached pak choy leaves (Brassica rapa var. chinensis) during storage at different temperatures. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 35(3), 271-278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2004.10.004.
• Albanese, D., Cinquanta, L., & Di Matteo, M. (2007). Effects of an innovative dipping treatment on the cold storage of minimally processed Annurca apples. Food Chemistry. 105, 1054-1060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.05.009.
• Asghari, M. & Aghdam, M.S. (2010). Impact of salicylic acid on post-harvest physiology of horticultural crops. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 21(10), 502-509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2010.07.009.
• Baydir, A.T., Soltanbeigi, A., Canlidinç, R.S., & Erdoğan, M.S. (2021). Determination of chemical properties and antioxidant effect of Salvia Officinalis L. Bartın University International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences. 4(1), 95-100.
• Bayram, E., Kırıcı, S., Tansı, S., Yılmaz, G., Arabacı, O., Kızıl, S., & Telci, I. (2010). Possibilities to Increase Production of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. TMMOB, Chamber of Agricultural Engineers 7th Technical Congress, January 2010, Ankara, Turkey.
• Cantwell, M.I., & Reid, M.S. (1993). Postharvest physiology and handling of fresh culinary herbs. Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants. 1(3), 93-127. https://doi.org/10.1300/J044v01n03_09.
• Cao, J.K., Yan, J.Q., Zhao, Y.M., & Jiang, W.B. (2013). Effects of four pre-harvest foliar sprays with β-aminobutyric acid or salicylic acid on the incidence of post-harvest disease and induced defence responses in jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Mill.) fruit after storage. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology. 88(3), 338-344. https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.2013.11512974.
• Curutchet, A., Dellacassa, E., Ringuelet, J.A., Chaves, A.R. & Viña, S.Z. (2014). Nutritional and sensory quality during refrigerated storage of fresh-cut mints (Mentha × piperita and M. spicata). Food Chemistry. 143, 231-238.
• Dilmaçünal, T., Erbaş, D., Koyuncu, M.A., Onursal, C.E. & Kuleaşan, H. (2014). Efficacy of some antimicrobial treatments compared to sodium hypochlorite on physical, physiological and microbial quality of fresh-cut melons (Cucumis melo L. var. inodorus). LWT-Food Science and Technology. 59(2),1146-1151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2014.07.033.
• Emami Bistgani, Z., Siadat, S.A., Bakhshandeh, A., Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A. & Hashemi, M. (2017). Morpho-physiological and phytochemical traits of (Thymus daenensis Celak.) in response to deficit irrigation and chitosan application. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 39, 1-13.
• Erbaș, D., & Koyuncu, M.A. (2016). Effects of 1-methylcyclopropene treatment on the storage life and quality of Angeleno plum. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 53(1), 43-50.
• Gharib, F.A. (2006). Effect of salicylic acid on the growth, metabolic activities and oil content of basil and marjoram. International Journal of Agriculture & Biology. 8(4), 485-492.
• Güler, N. & Liman, B.C. (2005). The investigation of vitamin B12, folic acid and biotin content of different plant species by enzyme immuno assay. Journal of Health Sciences. 14(3), 184-190.
• Huang, Y.F., Chen, C.T., & Kao, C.H. (1993). Salicylic acid inhibits the biosynthesis of ethylene in detached rice leaves. Plant Growth Regulation. 12, 79-82.
• Khan, A.S., & Singh, Z. (2008). 1-Methylcyclopropene application and modified atmosphere packaging affect ethylene biosynthesis, fruit softening, and quality of ‘Tegan Blue’ Japanese plum during cold storage. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 133(2), 290-299. https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS.133.2.290.
• Kirimer, N., Başer, K.H.C., & Tümen, G. (1995). Carvacrol-rich plants in Turkey. Chemistry of Natural Compounds. 31, 37-41. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01167568.
• Koparal, A. T., & Zeytinoğlu, M. (2003). Effects of carvacrol on a human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, A549. Cytotechnology. 43, 149-154. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CYTO.0000039917.60348.45.
• Koyuncu, M.A., Güneyli, A., Erbaş, D., Onursal, C.E., & Secmen, T. (2018). Combined effects of MAP and postharvest salicylic acid treatment on quality attributes of dill (Anethum graveolens L.) bunches during storage. Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 24(3), 340-348. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.456652.
• Manthe, B., Schulz, M., & Schnabl, H. (1992). Effects of salicylic acid on growth and stomatal movements of Vicia faba L.: evidence for salicylic acid metabolization. Journal of Chemical Ecology. 18(9), 1525-1539.
• Martínez‐Esplá, A., Zapata, P.J., Valero, D., Martínez‐Romero, D., Díaz‐Mula, H. M., & Serrano, M. (2018). Preharvest treatments with salicylates enhance nutrient and antioxidant compounds in plum at harvest and after storage. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 98(7), 2742-2750. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.8770.
• Miri, S.M., Ahmadi, S. & Moradi, P. (2015). Influence of Salicylic Acid and Citric Acid on the Growth, Biochemical Characteristics and Essential Oil Content of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.). Journal of Medicinal Plants and By-products. 2, 141-146.
• Momeni, M., Pirbalouti, A.G., Mousavi, A., Badi, H. (2020). Effect of foliar applications of salicylic acid and chitosan on the essential oil of Thymbra spicata L. under different soil moisture conditions. Journal of Essential Oil-Bearing Plants. 23(5), 1142-1153. https://doi.org/10.1080/0972060X.2020.1801519.
• Morales, M L., Callejón, R.M., Ubeda, C., Guerreiro, A., Gago, C., Miguel, M.G., & Antunes, M.D. (2014). Effect of storage time at low temperature on the volatile compound composition of Sevillana and Maravilla raspberries. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 96, 128-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2014.05.013.
• Özen, T., Koyuncu, M. A., & Erbaş, D. (2021). Effect of ozone treatments on the removal of pesticide residues and postharvest quality in green pepper. Journal of Food Science and Technology. 58(6), 2186-2196. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-020-04729-3.
• Rowshan, V., Khoi, M.K., & Javidnia, K. (2010). Effects of salicylic acid on quality and quantity of essential oil components in Salvia macrosiphon. Journal of Biological and Environmental Sciences. 4(11), 77-82.
• Saharkhiz, M.J. & Goudarzi, T. (2014). Foliar application of salicylic acid changes essential oil content and chemical compositions of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.). Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants. 17(3), 435-440. https://doi.org/10.1080/0972060X.2014.892839.
• Sakaldaş, M., Aslım, A.Ş., Kuzucu, C. Ö., & Kaynaş, K. (2010). The effects of modified atmosphere packaging and storage temperature on quality and biochemical properties of dill (Anethum graveolens) leaves. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment. 8(3&4), 21-25.
• Supapvanich, S., Polpakdee, R., & Wongsuwan, P. (2015). Chilling injury alleviation and quality maintenance of lemon basil by preharvest salicylic acid treatment. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture. 27(11), 801-807. https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2015-08-572.
• Üçüncü M. (2011). Food Packaging Technology. İzmir: Ege University Press.
• Rivas-San Vicente, M., & Plasencia, J. (2011). Salicylic acid beyond defence: its role in plant growth and development. Journal of Experimental Botany. 62(10), 3321-3338. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/err031.
• Vlot, A.C., Dempsey, D.A. & Klessig, D.F. (2009). Salicylic acid, a multifaceted hormone to combat disease. The Annual Review Phytopathology. 47, 177–206. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.phyto.050908.135202.
• Wei, Y., Liu, Z., Su, Y., Liu, D., & Ye, X. (2011). Effect of salicylic acid treatment on postharvest quality, antioxidant activities, and free polyamines of asparagus. Journal of Food Science. 76(2), 126-132. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01987.x.
• Wills, R.B.H., Lee, T.H., Graham, D., McGlasson, W.B., & Hall, E.G. (1981). Postharvest, an introduction to the physiology and handling on fruits and vegetables. New South Wales University Press, Australia.
• Zhao, H., Feng, S., Zhou, W., & Kai, G. (2019). Transcriptomic analysis of postharvest toon buds and key enzymes involved in terpenoid biosynthesis during cold storage. Scientia Horticulturae. 257, 108747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108747.