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Evaluation and Advantages of Algae as an Energy Source

Year 2018, Volume: 5 Issue: 3, 1309 - 1318, 01.09.2018
https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.425907

Abstract

Primary energy consumption is increasing gradually together with population growth, urbanization and industrialization in the world. It is known that most of the energy used throughout the world is obtained from fossil fuels called primary energy sources such as coal, petroleum and natural gas. Within this context, the more the humanity continue to search for sustainable development and better living conditions, the more the renewable energy production will be a priority in whole world. As a result of all these, renewable energy sources used in the world today are classified as solar, wind, wave and geothermal, hydroelectric, biomass and hydrogen energies. Biomass energy, depending upon agriculture within the context of alternative energy politics, has found a wide range of application field in all over the world with its properties which target development and provide eco-friendly, sustainable energy production and environmental management. However, biofuel production that increases along with agricultural potential and technological levels of the countries brings about some crucial debates with itself. In this case, scientists express that algal biomasses, defined as third generation fuel, might be an alternative energy source; and that they have a lot of advantages. In recent years, algae have started to be seen as a promising energy source as a result of biomass energy researches accelerated due to increasing oil prices. The studies, in which biofuels such as biodiesel, renewable aviation fuel/biojet fuel, biogasoline/green gasoline, biobutanol, bioethanol, and methane are obtained from algal biomass, have enhanced widely. Algae are potentially best-yielding product that can be produced in large quantities of biofuels. This microscopic plant can be produced in dirty water, saltwater, deserts and in environments unsuitable for any other plant. Because they connect the carbon dioxide in the environment, it is produced especially around the power plants, thus reducing the damage caused by the carbon dioxide from the plants. One of the most important advantages of algae is that the amount of oil obtained is very high. Moreover, it is one of the other advantages that they are not affected by changing climate conditions and can be produced in high quantities in a short period of time.




References

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Year 2018, Volume: 5 Issue: 3, 1309 - 1318, 01.09.2018
https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.425907

Abstract

References

  • 1. C. Escobar J, S. Lora E, J. Venturini O, E. Yanez E, F. Castillo E, Almazan O. Biofuels: Environment, technology and food security, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2009; 13:1275–87.
  • 2. I. Jahirul M, G. Rasul M, Ahmed Chowdhury A, Ashwath N. Biofuels Production through Biomass Pyrolysis A Technological Review, Energies. 2012;5: 4952-5001.
  • 3. Gegg P, Wells V. UK Macro-Algae Biofuels: A Strategic Management Review and Future Research Agenda, Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2017;5(3):324.
  • 4. (anonymous). Algae products: applications and industrial uses. [Internet]. [cited 2018 May 22]. Available from: https://study.com/academy/lesson/algae-products-applications-industrial-uses.
  • 5. Konur O. The scientometric evaluation of the research on the algae and bio-energy. Applied Energy. 2011;88(10):3532–40.
  • 6. Hu Q. Sommerfeld M, Jarvis E, Ghirardi M, Posewitz M, Seibert M, Darzins A. Microalgae triacylglycerols as feedstocks for biofuelproduction: perspectives and advances, The Plant Journal. 2008;54:621–39.
  • 7. Singh J, Gu S. Commercialization potential of microalgae for biofuels production, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2010;14:2596–610.
  • 8. Mata T.M, Martins A A, Caetano NS. Microalgae for biodiesel production and other applications: A review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2010;1:217–32.
  • 9. Elmoraghy M. Production of bio-jet fuel from microalgae, Master's Theses and Capstones, University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. 2013.
  • 10. Wen Z. Microalgae as a Feedstock for Biofuel Production, Virginia Cooperative Extention, Publication.2009;442-886.
  • 11. Kröger M, Müller-Langer F. Review on possible algal-biofuel production processes, Journal Biofuels. 2012;3(3):333-49.
  • 12. Brennan L, Owende P. Biofuels from microalgae—A review of technologies for production, processing, and extractions of biofuels and co-products, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2010;14(2):557-77.
  • 13. Çanakçı M, Van Gerpen J. Biodiesel production from oils and fats with high free fatty acids, T. ASABE.2001;44:1429-36.
  • 14. Ahmad A.L., Mat Yasin N.H., Derek C.J.C., Lim J.K. Microalgae as a sustainable energy source for biodiesel production: A review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2011;15:584–593.
  • 15. (anonymous). http://solazymeindustrials.com/solutions/fuel/#main-content. [Internet]. [cited 2018 April 13].
  • 16. Yaşar F. Biodiesel production from algae oil and its use in a diesel engine as alternative fuel [Ph.D Thesis].[Batman]:Batman University; 2016.
  • 17. Marie-Odile P. Fortier, Griffin W Roberts, Susan M. Stagg-Williams, Belinda S.M. Sturm. Life cycle assessment of bio-jet fuel from hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae, Applied Energy.2014;122:73–82.
  • 18. (anonymous). https://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles, Solazyme Delivers Algae Jet Fuel to US Navy. [Internet].[cited 2018 April 13].
  • 19. Archambault S, Downes C.M.S, Voorhies W.V, Erickson C.A, Lammers P. Nannochloropsis sp. algae for use as biofuel: Analyzing a translog production function using data from multiple sites in the southwestern United States, Algae Research. 2014;6:124-31.
  • 20. Milne T.A, Evans R.J, Nagle N. Catalytic conversion of microalgae and vegetable oils to premium Gasoline, with shape-selective zeolites, Biomass.1990;21:219-32.
  • 21. Figueroa-Torres, G. M, Theodoropoulos C, Pittman, J. From Microalgae Starch to Biobutanol Production – a Combined Experimental and Computational Study. 17. AICHE Annual Meeting:Proceedings : Sustainable Engineering Forum : Advances in Algae Biorefineries. 2017.
  • 22. Yeong T.K, Jiao K, Zeng X, Lin L, Pan S, Danquah M.K. Microalgae for biobutanol production – Technology evaluation and value proposition, Algae Research. 2018;31:367-76.
  • 23. Özçimen D, İnan B. An Overview of Bioethanol Production From Algae, INTECH Open Science. 2015.
  • 24. Ho S.H, Huang S.W, Chen C.Y, Hasunuma T, Kondo A, Chang J.S. Bioethanol production using carbohydrate-rich microalgae biomass as feedstock, Bioresource Technology.2013;135:191–8.
  • 25. Paul Abishek M, Patel J, Prem Rajan A. Algae Oil: A Sustainable Renewable Fuel of Future, Hindawi Publishing Corporation Biotechnology Research International. 2014;8.
  • 26. Wang B. Li. Y Wu N Lan CQ. CO2 bio-mitigation using microalgae, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2008;79(5):707–18.
  • 27. Lorenz R.T, Cysewski G.R. Commercial potential for Haematococcus microalgae as a natural source of astaxanthin, Trendes in Biotechonology.2000;18:160-7.
  • 28. RajvanshiS., Sharma M.P. Microalgae: A potential source of biodiesel, Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems. 2012;2:49-59.
  • 29. Hill J Nelson E. Tilman D, Polasky S, Tiffany D. Environmental, economic, and energetic costs and benefits of biodiesel and ethanol biofuels. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA. 2006;103:11206–10.
  • 30. Rajvanshi S, Sharma M.P., Microalgae: A potential source of biodiesel, Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems, 2012;2:49-59.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering, Chemical Engineering
Journal Section REVIEW ARTICLES
Authors

Fevzi Yaşar 0000-0003-3504-9157

Publication Date September 1, 2018
Submission Date May 22, 2018
Acceptance Date November 23, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 5 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Yaşar F. Evaluation and Advantages of Algae as an Energy Source. JOTCSA. 2018;5(3):1309-18.