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Some Physical and Chemical Properties of Fruitbodies of Cordyceps militaris Collected in Turkey

Year 2019, Volume: 19 Issue: 3, 266 - 271, 23.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.662283

Abstract

Aim of study: Turkish Cordyceps militaris was collected in order to determine its certain quality characteristics such as color, texture, total phenolics level and antioxidant activity.
Material and method: Samples (not cultivated, wild) which were harvested from a field of Istanbul in 2018 were analyzed by using Eurx genematrix universal isolation kit for determining total genomic DNA. Color and textural properties of C. militaris body were measured by a colorimeter (according to Munsell system) and texture analyzer (applying texture profile analysis, TPA) respectively. The methanolic extract of C. militaris was subjected to total phenolic determination (by Folin Ciocalteu method) and antioxidant activity (by DPPH method) tests.
Main results: L*, a*, b*, C*, H° (color) values were recorded as 34.96, 18.84, 21.22, 28.41 and 48.57 respectively. Hardness of samples was 26.25 N. Total phenolic amounts and DPPH radical scavenging activity of specimens were found as 2316.22 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/L extract and 3.98 mg trolox equivalent (TE)/L extract.
Highlights: The recommendation of this preliminary study is that C. militaris may be useful in various food formulations as an ingredient because of its high bioactive molecule and antioxidant potential.

References

  • AACC—The American Association of Cereal Chemists. (1995). Method 44-15A. Approved methods of the AACC (9th ed). St. Paul, MN: American Association of Cereal Chemists.
  • Akata, I., Kabaktepe, Ş., & Akgül, H. (2016). Cordyceps militaris, The first record from family Cordycipitaceae in Turkey. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, 16(1), 280-284.
  • Bennett, L. E., Jegasothy, H., Konczak, I., Frank, D., Sudharmarajan, S. & Clingeleffer, P. R. (2011). Total polyphenolics and anti-oxidant properties of selected dried fruits and relationships to drying conditions. Journal of Functional Foods, 3(2), 115–124.
  • Barros, L., Cruz, T., Baptista, P., Estevinho, L. M., & Ferreira, I. C. F. R. (2008). Wild and commercial mushrooms as source of nutrients and nutraceuticals. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46(8), 2742–2747.
  • Chen, R., Jin, C., Li, H., Liu, Z., Lu, J., Li, S. & Yang, S. (2014). Ultrahigh pressure extraction of polysaccharides from Cordyceps militaris and evaluation of antioxidant activity. Separation and Purification Technology, 134, 90-99.
  • Chen, W., Liu, G., Yang, H., Zhou, H. & Yang, H. (2016). Effects of processing treatments on the antioxidant properties of polysaccharide from Cordyceps militaris. International Journal of Food Engineering, 13(1).
  • Huang, Q. L., Siu, K. C., Wang, W. Q., Cheung, Y. C. & Wu, J. Y. (2013). Fractionation, characterization and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from fermentation broth of a Cordyceps sinensis fungus. Process Biochemistry, 48(2), 380-386.
  • Jaworska, G. & Bernaś, E. (2010). Effects of pre-treatment, freezing and frozen storage on the texture of Boletus edulis (Bull: Fr.) mushrooms. International Journal of Refrigeration, 33, 877-885.
  • Jaworska, G., Bernaś, E., Biernacka, A. & Maciejaszek, I. (2010). Comparison of the texture of fresh and preserved Agaricus bisporus and Boletus edulis mushrooms. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 45, 1659-1665.
  • Jin, Y., Meng, X., Qiu, Z., Su, Y., Yu, P. & Qu, P. (2018). Anti-tumor and anti-metastatic roles of cordycepin, one bioactive compound of Cordyceps militaris. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 25(5), 991-995.
  • Jing, Y., Cui, X., Chen, Z., Huang, L., Song, L., Liu, T., Lv, W. & Yu, R. (2014). Elucidation and biological activities of a new polysaccharide from cultured Cordyceps militaris, Carbohydrate Polymers, 102, 288-296.
  • Kirk, P. M., Cannon, P. F., David, J. C. & Stalpers, J. A. (2008). Ainsworth & Brisby’s dictionary of the fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, U.K.: CAB International.
  • Leung, P. H., Zhao, S., Ho, K. P. & Wu, J. Y (2009). Chemical properties and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from mycelial culture of Cordyceps sinensis fungus Cs-HK1. Food Chemistry, 114, 1251-1256.
  • Li, X., Wasila, H., Liu, L., Yuan, T., Gao, Z., Zhao, B. & Ahmad, I. (2015). Physicochemical characteristics, polyphenol compositions and antioxidant potential of pomegranate juices from 10 Chinese cultivars and the environmental factors analysis. Food Chemistry, 175, 575-584.
  • Li, Y., Yang, H., Yang, H., Wang, J. & Chen, H. (2019). Assessment of drying methods on the physiochemical property and antioxidant activity of Cordyceps militaris. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 13(1), 513-520.
  • Liu, J., Jia, L., Kan, J. & Jin, C-H. (2013). In vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus). Food and Chemical Toxicology, 51(1), 310-316.
  • Ma, L., Zhang, M. & Zhao, S. (2019). Effect of radio frequency heating on microbial load, flavor, color and texture profiles of Cordyceps militaris. Journal of the Science of the Food and Agriculture, 99(1), 136-142.
  • Masuda, M., Urabe, E., Sakurai, A. & Sakakibara, M. (2006). Production of cordycepin by surface culture using the medicinal mushroom Cordyceps militaris, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 39(4), 641-646.
  • Nie, S., Cui, S. W., Xie, M., Phillips, A. O. & Phillips, G. O. (2013). Bioactive polysaccharides from Cordyceps sinensis: Isolation, structure features and bioactivities. Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre, 1(1), 38-52.
  • Reis, F. S., Barros, L., Calhelha, R. C., Ćirić, A., Van Griensven, L. J. L. D., Soković, M. & Ferreira, I. C. F. R. (2013). The methanolic extract of Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link fruiting body shows antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal and antihuman tumor cell lines properties. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 62, 91-98.
  • Xu, Q., Liu, Z., Sun, Y., Ding, Z., Lü, L. & Li, Y. (2012). Optimization for production of intracellular polysaccharide from Cordyceps ophioglossoides L2 in submerged culture and its antioxidant activities in vitro. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 20(2), 294-301.
  • Yang, B. K., Ha, J. Y., Jeong, S. C., Das, S., Yun, J. W., Lee, Y. S., Choi, J. W. & Song, C. H. (2000). Production of exo-polymers by submerged mycelial culture of Cordyceps militaris and its hypolipidemic effect. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 10, 784-788.
  • Yoo, H. S., Shin, J. W., Cho, J. H., Son, C. G., Lee, Y. W., Park, S. Y. & Cho, C.K. (2004). Effects of Cordyceps militaris extract on angiogenesis and tumor growth. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 25, 657-665.
  • Yu, H. M., Wang, B. S, Shiow, C. H. & Duh, P.-D. (2006). Comparison of protective effects between cultured Cordyceps militaris and natural Cordyceps sinensis against oxidative damage. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54(8), 3132–3138.
  • Yu, R., Yang, W., Song, L., Yan, C., Zhang, Z. & Zhao, Y. (2007). Structural characterization and antioxidant activity of a polysaccharide from the fruiting bodies of cultured Cordyceps militaris. Carbohydrate Polymers, 70(4), 430-436.
  • Wang, J., Kan, L., Nie, S., Chen, H., Cui, S. W., Phillips, A. O., Phillips, G. O., Li, Y. & Xie, M. (2015). A comparison of chemical composition, bioactive components and antioxidant activity of natural and cultured Cordyceps sinensis. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 63(1), 2-7.
  • White, T. J., Bruns, T., Lee, S. & Taylor, J. W. (1990). Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: Innis MA, Gelfand DH, Sninsky JJ, White TJ, editors. PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. New York, NY, USA: Academic Press, 315-322.
  • Won, S. Y. & Park, E. H. (2005). Anti-inflammatory and related pharmacological activities of cultured mycelia and fruiting bodies of Cordyceps militaris. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 96(3), 555-561.
  • Wu, D. T., Xie, J., Wang, L. Y., Ju, Y. J., Lv, G. P., Leong, F., Zhao, J. & Li, S. P. (2014). Characterization of bioactive polysaccharides from Cordyceps militaris produced in China using saccharide mapping. Journal of Functional Foods, 9(1), 315-323.
  • Zhan, Y., Dong, C. H. & Yao, Y. J. (2006). Antioxidant activities of aqueous extract from cultivated fruit-bodies of Cordyceps militaris (L.) link in vitro. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 48(11), 1365-1370.

Türkiye’den Toplanan Cordyceps militaris’in Bazı Fiziksel ve Kimyasal Özellikleri

Year 2019, Volume: 19 Issue: 3, 266 - 271, 23.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.662283

Abstract

Çalışmanın amacı: Türk Cordyceps militaris’i, renk, doku, toplam fenolik düzeyi ve antioksidan aktivite gibi bazı kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla toplanmıştır.
Materyal ve metod: 2018 yılında İstanbul’daki bir araziden toplanan mantar örnekleri (kültür ortamında yetişmemiş, yabani) Eurx genematrix universal isolation kit kullanılarak toplam genomik DNA’nın belirlenmesi için analiz edilmiştir. C. militaris gövdesinin renk ve dokusal özellikleri sırasıyla bir renk ölçer (Munsell sistemine göre) ve doku analizörü (doku profili analizi, TPA uygulanarak) vasıtasıyla tayin edilmiştir. C. militaris’in metanol içerisinde hazırlanmış özütü, toplam fenolik tayinine (Folin Ciocalteu yöntemi) ve antioksidan aktivite testine (DPPH yöntemi) tabi tutulmuştur.
Sonuçlar: L*, a*, b*, C*, H° (renk) değerleri sırasıyla 34.96, 18.84, 21.22, 28.41 ve 48.57 olarak kaydedilmiştir. Örneklerin sertliği 26.25 N’dir. Numunelerin toplam fenolik miktarı ve DPPH radikali süpürme aktivitesi 2316.22 mg gallik asit eşdeğeri (GAE)/L özüt ve 3.98 mg troloks eşdeğeri (TE)/L özüt olarak bulunmuştur.
Önemli vurgular: Bu ön çalışmanın önerisi, C. militaris’in yüksek biyoaktif molekül ve antioksidan potansiyelinden dolayı, çeşitli gıda formülasyonlarında bir besin öğesi olmasının yararlı olabileceğidir.

References

  • AACC—The American Association of Cereal Chemists. (1995). Method 44-15A. Approved methods of the AACC (9th ed). St. Paul, MN: American Association of Cereal Chemists.
  • Akata, I., Kabaktepe, Ş., & Akgül, H. (2016). Cordyceps militaris, The first record from family Cordycipitaceae in Turkey. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, 16(1), 280-284.
  • Bennett, L. E., Jegasothy, H., Konczak, I., Frank, D., Sudharmarajan, S. & Clingeleffer, P. R. (2011). Total polyphenolics and anti-oxidant properties of selected dried fruits and relationships to drying conditions. Journal of Functional Foods, 3(2), 115–124.
  • Barros, L., Cruz, T., Baptista, P., Estevinho, L. M., & Ferreira, I. C. F. R. (2008). Wild and commercial mushrooms as source of nutrients and nutraceuticals. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46(8), 2742–2747.
  • Chen, R., Jin, C., Li, H., Liu, Z., Lu, J., Li, S. & Yang, S. (2014). Ultrahigh pressure extraction of polysaccharides from Cordyceps militaris and evaluation of antioxidant activity. Separation and Purification Technology, 134, 90-99.
  • Chen, W., Liu, G., Yang, H., Zhou, H. & Yang, H. (2016). Effects of processing treatments on the antioxidant properties of polysaccharide from Cordyceps militaris. International Journal of Food Engineering, 13(1).
  • Huang, Q. L., Siu, K. C., Wang, W. Q., Cheung, Y. C. & Wu, J. Y. (2013). Fractionation, characterization and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from fermentation broth of a Cordyceps sinensis fungus. Process Biochemistry, 48(2), 380-386.
  • Jaworska, G. & Bernaś, E. (2010). Effects of pre-treatment, freezing and frozen storage on the texture of Boletus edulis (Bull: Fr.) mushrooms. International Journal of Refrigeration, 33, 877-885.
  • Jaworska, G., Bernaś, E., Biernacka, A. & Maciejaszek, I. (2010). Comparison of the texture of fresh and preserved Agaricus bisporus and Boletus edulis mushrooms. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 45, 1659-1665.
  • Jin, Y., Meng, X., Qiu, Z., Su, Y., Yu, P. & Qu, P. (2018). Anti-tumor and anti-metastatic roles of cordycepin, one bioactive compound of Cordyceps militaris. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 25(5), 991-995.
  • Jing, Y., Cui, X., Chen, Z., Huang, L., Song, L., Liu, T., Lv, W. & Yu, R. (2014). Elucidation and biological activities of a new polysaccharide from cultured Cordyceps militaris, Carbohydrate Polymers, 102, 288-296.
  • Kirk, P. M., Cannon, P. F., David, J. C. & Stalpers, J. A. (2008). Ainsworth & Brisby’s dictionary of the fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, U.K.: CAB International.
  • Leung, P. H., Zhao, S., Ho, K. P. & Wu, J. Y (2009). Chemical properties and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from mycelial culture of Cordyceps sinensis fungus Cs-HK1. Food Chemistry, 114, 1251-1256.
  • Li, X., Wasila, H., Liu, L., Yuan, T., Gao, Z., Zhao, B. & Ahmad, I. (2015). Physicochemical characteristics, polyphenol compositions and antioxidant potential of pomegranate juices from 10 Chinese cultivars and the environmental factors analysis. Food Chemistry, 175, 575-584.
  • Li, Y., Yang, H., Yang, H., Wang, J. & Chen, H. (2019). Assessment of drying methods on the physiochemical property and antioxidant activity of Cordyceps militaris. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 13(1), 513-520.
  • Liu, J., Jia, L., Kan, J. & Jin, C-H. (2013). In vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus). Food and Chemical Toxicology, 51(1), 310-316.
  • Ma, L., Zhang, M. & Zhao, S. (2019). Effect of radio frequency heating on microbial load, flavor, color and texture profiles of Cordyceps militaris. Journal of the Science of the Food and Agriculture, 99(1), 136-142.
  • Masuda, M., Urabe, E., Sakurai, A. & Sakakibara, M. (2006). Production of cordycepin by surface culture using the medicinal mushroom Cordyceps militaris, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 39(4), 641-646.
  • Nie, S., Cui, S. W., Xie, M., Phillips, A. O. & Phillips, G. O. (2013). Bioactive polysaccharides from Cordyceps sinensis: Isolation, structure features and bioactivities. Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre, 1(1), 38-52.
  • Reis, F. S., Barros, L., Calhelha, R. C., Ćirić, A., Van Griensven, L. J. L. D., Soković, M. & Ferreira, I. C. F. R. (2013). The methanolic extract of Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link fruiting body shows antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal and antihuman tumor cell lines properties. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 62, 91-98.
  • Xu, Q., Liu, Z., Sun, Y., Ding, Z., Lü, L. & Li, Y. (2012). Optimization for production of intracellular polysaccharide from Cordyceps ophioglossoides L2 in submerged culture and its antioxidant activities in vitro. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 20(2), 294-301.
  • Yang, B. K., Ha, J. Y., Jeong, S. C., Das, S., Yun, J. W., Lee, Y. S., Choi, J. W. & Song, C. H. (2000). Production of exo-polymers by submerged mycelial culture of Cordyceps militaris and its hypolipidemic effect. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 10, 784-788.
  • Yoo, H. S., Shin, J. W., Cho, J. H., Son, C. G., Lee, Y. W., Park, S. Y. & Cho, C.K. (2004). Effects of Cordyceps militaris extract on angiogenesis and tumor growth. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 25, 657-665.
  • Yu, H. M., Wang, B. S, Shiow, C. H. & Duh, P.-D. (2006). Comparison of protective effects between cultured Cordyceps militaris and natural Cordyceps sinensis against oxidative damage. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54(8), 3132–3138.
  • Yu, R., Yang, W., Song, L., Yan, C., Zhang, Z. & Zhao, Y. (2007). Structural characterization and antioxidant activity of a polysaccharide from the fruiting bodies of cultured Cordyceps militaris. Carbohydrate Polymers, 70(4), 430-436.
  • Wang, J., Kan, L., Nie, S., Chen, H., Cui, S. W., Phillips, A. O., Phillips, G. O., Li, Y. & Xie, M. (2015). A comparison of chemical composition, bioactive components and antioxidant activity of natural and cultured Cordyceps sinensis. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 63(1), 2-7.
  • White, T. J., Bruns, T., Lee, S. & Taylor, J. W. (1990). Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: Innis MA, Gelfand DH, Sninsky JJ, White TJ, editors. PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. New York, NY, USA: Academic Press, 315-322.
  • Won, S. Y. & Park, E. H. (2005). Anti-inflammatory and related pharmacological activities of cultured mycelia and fruiting bodies of Cordyceps militaris. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 96(3), 555-561.
  • Wu, D. T., Xie, J., Wang, L. Y., Ju, Y. J., Lv, G. P., Leong, F., Zhao, J. & Li, S. P. (2014). Characterization of bioactive polysaccharides from Cordyceps militaris produced in China using saccharide mapping. Journal of Functional Foods, 9(1), 315-323.
  • Zhan, Y., Dong, C. H. & Yao, Y. J. (2006). Antioxidant activities of aqueous extract from cultivated fruit-bodies of Cordyceps militaris (L.) link in vitro. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 48(11), 1365-1370.
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Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Özge Süfer 0000-0001-8337-6318

Fuat Bozok This is me 0000-0002-9370-7712

Hatıra Taşkın This is me 0000-0002-1784-4731

Saadet Büyükalaca This is me 0000-0002-1129-2729

Publication Date December 23, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 19 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Süfer, Ö., Bozok, F., Taşkın, H., Büyükalaca, S. (2019). Some Physical and Chemical Properties of Fruitbodies of Cordyceps militaris Collected in Turkey. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, 19(3), 266-271. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.662283
AMA Süfer Ö, Bozok F, Taşkın H, Büyükalaca S. Some Physical and Chemical Properties of Fruitbodies of Cordyceps militaris Collected in Turkey. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. December 2019;19(3):266-271. doi:10.17475/kastorman.662283
Chicago Süfer, Özge, Fuat Bozok, Hatıra Taşkın, and Saadet Büyükalaca. “Some Physical and Chemical Properties of Fruitbodies of Cordyceps Militaris Collected in Turkey”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 19, no. 3 (December 2019): 266-71. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.662283.
EndNote Süfer Ö, Bozok F, Taşkın H, Büyükalaca S (December 1, 2019) Some Physical and Chemical Properties of Fruitbodies of Cordyceps militaris Collected in Turkey. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 19 3 266–271.
IEEE Ö. Süfer, F. Bozok, H. Taşkın, and S. Büyükalaca, “Some Physical and Chemical Properties of Fruitbodies of Cordyceps militaris Collected in Turkey”, Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 266–271, 2019, doi: 10.17475/kastorman.662283.
ISNAD Süfer, Özge et al. “Some Physical and Chemical Properties of Fruitbodies of Cordyceps Militaris Collected in Turkey”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 19/3 (December 2019), 266-271. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.662283.
JAMA Süfer Ö, Bozok F, Taşkın H, Büyükalaca S. Some Physical and Chemical Properties of Fruitbodies of Cordyceps militaris Collected in Turkey. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 2019;19:266–271.
MLA Süfer, Özge et al. “Some Physical and Chemical Properties of Fruitbodies of Cordyceps Militaris Collected in Turkey”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, vol. 19, no. 3, 2019, pp. 266-71, doi:10.17475/kastorman.662283.
Vancouver Süfer Ö, Bozok F, Taşkın H, Büyükalaca S. Some Physical and Chemical Properties of Fruitbodies of Cordyceps militaris Collected in Turkey. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 2019;19(3):266-71.

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