Toksijenik Aspergillus flavus’un Büyümesini Kontrol Etmek için Thymus longicaulis’in Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2023, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 443 - 453, 31.12.2023

Bilal Balkan Seda Balkan

https://doi.org/10.34186/klujes.1314299

Abstract

Bu araştırmada Lamiaceae, familyalasına ait Thymus longicaulis’in sulu ekstraktlarının Aspergillus flavus’ un büyümesi üzerine olan etkisinin in vitro ve in vivo olarak değerlendirilmesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kurutulmuş T. longicaulis’in tozları A flavus’ un misel büyümesini %70.53 oranında inhibe etmiştir. T. longicaulis sulu ekstraktlarının A. flavus’a karşı minimum inhibitör konsantrasyon (MİK) değeri 1000 µg/mL idi. T. longicaulis sulu ekstraktları sıvı besiyerindeki 5 günlük saklanma sürelerinden sonra petri kaplarına aktarıldığında ayçiçeği, buğday, mısır ve pirinçte yapay olarak oluşturulan A. flavus çürümesini tamamen engelleyememiştir. Test edilen tüm konsantrasyonlarda 5 günlük inkübasyon süresi boyunca T. longicaulis sulu ekstraktlarının sadece ayçiçeğinde etkin olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). T. longicaulis sulu ekstraktlarının hifal morfoloji üzerine lizis, çökertme, yassılaşma ve kırışık hücre yüzeyli hücreler dejeneratif değişimlerini yaptığı SEM analizi ile tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre T. longicaulis sulu ekstraktlarının aflatoksin B1 üreticisi olan toksijenik A. flavus’un ayçiçeğinde oluşturduğu enfeksiyonları önleyebilmek için koruyucu olarak rol oynayabileceğini ifade edebiliriz.

Keywords

Aspergillus flavus, Thymus longicaulis, Antifungal, Bitki ekstraktı, SEM

Supporting Institution

Kırklareli Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü

Project Number

KLÜBAP/228

References

• Yazdani D., Ahmad Z.A.M., How T.Y., Jaganath I.B., Shahnazi S., Inhibition of aflatoxin biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus by phenolic compounds extracted of Piper betle L., Iranian Journal of Microbiology, C 5 (4), S 428-433, 2013.
• Hourieh A., Ocimum Basilicum : A Candidate Plant Against Aflatoxins Production with Antioxidant Activity, Journal of Materials and Environmental Science, C 5, S707-714, 2021.
• Zulkifli, N. A. and Zakaria L., Morphological and molecular diversity of Aspergillus from corn grain used as livestock feed, HAYATI J. Biosci. C 24, S 26-34, 2017.
• Espinel-Ingroff, A., Barchiesi, F., Cuenca-Estrella, M., Pfaller, M. A., Rinaldi, M., Rodriguez-Tudela, J. L., & Verweij, P. E., International and multicenter comparison of EUCAST and CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution methods for testing susceptibilities of Candida spp. to fluconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole and voriconazole, Journal of Clinical Microbiology, C 43(8), S 3884-3889, 2005.
• Almeıda P., Blanco-Pascual N., Rosolen D., Cısılotto J., Creczynskı-Pasa T., Laurındo J., Antioxidant and antifungal properties of essential oils of oregano (Origanum vulgare) and mint (Mentha arvensis) against Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium commune for use in food preservation, Food Science and Technology, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.64921, 2022.
• Kaefer, C. M., & Milner, J. A., The role of herbs and spices in cancer prevention, The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, C 19(6), S 347-361, 2008.
• Yuan, G., Chen, X., & Li, D., Chitosan films and coatings containing essential oils: the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, and application in food systems, Food Research International, C 89, S 117-128. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2016.10.004. PMid:28460897, 2016.
• Nassim S., Ardakani M.M., Hemmati R., Parroni A., Beccaccioli M. and Reverberi M., The Potential of Plant-Based Bioactive Compounds on Inhibition of Aflatoxin B1 Biosynthesis and Down-regulation of aflR, aflM and aflP Genes, Antibiotics, C 9, S 728; doi:10.3390/antibiotics9110728, 2020.
• Elkiran O., Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Thymus longicaulis C. Presl. subsp. longicaulis, International Journal of Secondary Metabolite, Vol. 9, No. 3, 248–257, 2022.
• Talibi, I., Askarne L., Boubaker H., Boudyach E.H., Msanda F., Saadi B., Ait Ben Aoumar A., Antifungal activity of some Moroccan plants against Geotrichum candidum, the causel agent of postharvest citrus sour rot, Crop Protection, C 35, S 41-46, 2012.
• Ameziane, N., Boubaker H., Boudyach H., Msanda F., Jilal A., Benaoumar A.A., Antifungal Activity of Moroccan Plants Against Citrus Fruit Pathogens, Agron. Sustain. Dev., C 27, S 273-277, 2007.
• Soylu, E.M., Kurt Ş., Soylu S., In vitro and in vivo antifungal activities of the essential oils of various plants against tomato grey mould disease agent Botrytis cinerea, International Journal of Food Microbiology, C 143, S 183-189, 2010.
• CLSI, Clinical and Laboratory Standarts Institute, formerly NCCLS, National Committee for Clinical and Laboratory Standarts. Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts; Approved Standart, 2nd edition, NCCLS document M27-A2, NCCLS, Wayne, PA. Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi; Approved Standart, 1st edition, NCCLS document M 38 A,Wayne, PA., 2002.
• Lima, J.C., Gomes S.M., Lima E.O., Pereira F.O., Lima I.O., Carvacrol and thymol as potential preservatives against Aspergillus in maize grains, Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, C 31(11), S 825-829, 2019.
• Abdel-Monaim, M.F., Abo-Elyousr, K.A.M., Morsy, K.M., Effectiveness of plant extracts on suppression of damping-off and wilt diseases of lupine (Lupinus termis Forsik), Crop Protection, C 30, S185-191, 2011.
• Cutter, C. N., Antimicrobial effect of herb extracts against Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella typhimurium associated with beef, Journal of Food Protection, C 63, S 601–607, 2000.
• Askarne, L., Talibi I., Boubaker H., Boudyach E.H., Msanda F., Saadi B., Serghini M.A., Ait Ben Aoumar A., In vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of several Moroccan plants against Penicillium italicum, the causal agent of citrus blue mold” Crop Protection, C 40, S 53-58, 2012.
• Njoki L.M., Okoth S.A., and Peter M., Wachira Effects of Medicinal Plant Extracts and Photosensitization on Aflatoxin Producing Aspergillus flavus (Raper and Fennell), International Journal of Microbiology, Article ID 5273893, 9 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/5273893, 2017.
• Jeff-Agboola Y.A., Awe L.B., Antifungal and phytochemical screening of some Nigerian medicinal plant extracts against toxigenic Aspergillus flavus, Cogent Food & Agriculture, 2, 1210556 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2016.1210556, 2016.