Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Cyber-Physical System based E-Health: Knee Joint Physical Therapy Monitoring

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 54 - 62, 31.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.34088/kojose.1024433

Abstract

A cyber-physical system (CPS) uses sensors/actuators to associate the physical world with a system capable of computing. CPSs include software systems, communication technologies, and sensors/actuators, including intelligent embedded system technologies to interact with the real world. It is possible to monitor and control all physical processes without human factors by connecting the mechanical systems equipped with information technologies and establishing communication among themselves. In this study, a CPS system that offers a cost-effective and easy-to-apply physical therapy opportunity is proposed for post-hospital home follow-up of knee osteoarthritis, which can be seen in many people over a certain age. The proposed system consists of a hardware module consisting of two potentiometers, a microcontroller and a WiFi module, and a software module to monitor the movement of the knee joint point daily and to save the data in the database. Maximum knee flexion angle, exercise duration and success rate measurements were used to measure the progress of physical therapy. The CPS prototype developed for the healthcare field will make significant contributions to reducing the duration of physical therapy and increasing its reliability by eliminating the possibility of wrong/incomplete exercises.

Supporting Institution

-

Project Number

-

Thanks

-

References

  • [1] Wang J., Abid H., Lee S., Shu L., Xia, F., 2011. A Secured Healthcare Application Architecture for Cyber-Physical Systems. Control Engineering and Applied Informatics, 13(3), pp. 101–108.
  • [2] Jazdi N. 2014. Cyber Physical Systems in the Context of Industry 4.0. Proc. IEEE International Conference on Automation, Quality and Testing, Robotics, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, 22-24 May, pp. 1-4, DOI: 10.1109/AQTR.2014.6857843.
  • [3] Milenković A., Otto C., Jovanov E., 2006. Wireless Sensor Networks for Personal Health Monitoring: Issues and an Implementation. Computer Communications, 29(13-14), pp. 2521–533.
  • [4] Jovanov E., Milenković A., Otto C., Groen P. C. D., 2005. A Wireless Body Area Network of Intelligent Motion Sensors for Computer Assisted Physical Rehabilitation. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 2(1), pp. 1–10.
  • [5] Shah A. H., Syed M. A., Mustafizur R., 2014. Review of Cyber-Physical System in Healthcare. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 10, pp. 1–20.
  • [6] Lounis A., Hadjidj A., Bouabdallah A., Challal Y., 2012. Secure and Scalable Cloud-Based Architecture for E-Health Wireless Sensor Networks. 21st International Conference on Computer Communication Networks, Munich, Germany, 30 July-2 Aug., pp. 1-7, DOI: 10.1109/ICCCN.2012.6289252.
  • [7] Insup L., Sokolsky O., Chen S., Hatcliff J., et al., 2012. Challenges and Research Directions in Medical Cyber-Physical Systems. Proceedings of the IEEE, 100(1), pp. 75–90.
  • [8] Tang L.-A., Yu X., Kim S., Han J., et al., 2012. Multidimensional Sensor Data Analysis in Cyber-Physical System: An Atypical Cube Approach. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 8(4), pp. 1550–1329.
  • [9] Emmerzaal J., De Brabandere A., Vanrompay Y., Vranken J., Storms V., et al., 2020. Towards the Monitoring of Functional Status in a Free-Living Environment for People with Hip or Knee Osteoarthritis: Design and Evaluation of the JOLO Blended Care App. Sensors (Basel), 20(23), pp. 6967.
  • [10] Bennell K., Hinman R. S., Wrigley T. V., Creaby M. W., Hodges P., 2011. Exercise and Osteoarthritis: Cause and Effects. Comprehensive Physiology, 1(4), pp. 1943–2008.
  • [11] Zampogna B., Papalia R., Papalia G.F., Campi S., Vasta S., Vorini F., Fossati C., Torre G., Denaro V., 2020. The Role of Physical Activity as Conservative Treatment for Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis in Older People: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J. Clin. Med, 9(4), pp. 1167.
  • [12] Masdar A., Ibrahim B. S. K. K., Hanafi D., Mahadi Abdul Jamil M., Rahman, K. A. A., 2013. Knee Joint Angle Measurement System Using Gyroscope and Flex-Sensors for Rehabilitation. The 6th Biomedical Engineering International Conference, Amphur Muang, Thailand, 23-25 Oct., pp. 1-4, DOI: 10.1109/BMEiCon.2013.6687719.
  • [13] Bakhshi S., Mahoor M. H., Davidson B. S., 2011. Development of a Body Joint Angle Measurement System Using IMU Sensors. Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Boston, MA, USA, 30 Aug.-3 Sept., pp. 6923-6926, DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2011.6091743.
  • [14] Faisal A. I., Majumder S., Mondal T., et al., 2019. Monitoring Methods of Human Body Joints: State-of-the-Art and Research Challenges. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 19(11), pp. 2629.
  • [15] Lee S. I., Daneault J., Weydert L., Bonato P., 2016. A Novel Flexible Wearable Sensor for Estimating Joint-Angles. IEEE 13th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN), San Francisco, CA, USA, 14-17 June, pp. 377-382, DOI: 10.1109/BSN.2016.7516291.
  • [16] Kim J-N., Chong W. S., Kim S-H., Kim, K., 2019. Health Management Monitoring System for Use in Classifying Lower Extremity Movements of the Elderly. Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology, 19(7), pp. 1940028.
  • [17] Tognetti A., Lorussi F., Carbonaro N., De Rossi D., 2015. Wearable Goniometer and Accelerometer Sensory Fusion for Knee Joint Angle Measurement in Daily Life. Sensors, 15(11), pp. 28435–28455.
  • [18] Bonnet V., Joukov V., Kulić D., Fraisse P., Ramdani N., et al., 2016. Monitoring of Hip and Knee Joint Angles Using a Single Inertial Measurement Unit during Lower Limb Rehabilitation. IEEE Sensors Journal, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 16(6), pp. 1557–1564.
  • [19] Majumder S., Mondal T., Deen M. J., 2017. Wearable Sensors for Remote Health Monitoring. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 17(1), pp. 130.
  • [20] Cooper G., Sheret I., McMillian L., Siliverdis K., Sha N., Hodgins D., Kenney L., Howard D., 2009. Inertial Sensor-Based Knee Flexion/Extension Angle Estimation. Journal of Biomechanics, 42(16), pp. 2678–2685.
  • [21] Seel T., Raisch J., Schauer T., 2014. IMU-Based Joint Angle Measurement for Gait Analysis. Sensors Journal, 14(4), pp. 6891–6909.
  • [22] Qi Y., Soh C. B., Gunawan E., Low K-S., Thomas R., 2015. Lower Extremity Joint Angle Tracking with Wireless Ultrasonic Sensors during a Squat Exercise. Sensors, 15(5), pp. 9610.
  • [23] Toffola L. D., Patel S., Ozsecen M. Y., Ramachandran R., Bonato P., 2012. A Wearable System for Long-Term Monitoring of Knee Kinematics. IEEE-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics, Hong Kong, China, 5-7 Jan., pp. 188-191, DOI: 10.1109/BHI.2012.6211541.
  • [24] Fennema M. C., Bloomfield R. A., Lanting B. A., Birmingham T. B., Teeter M. G., 2019. Repeatability of Measuring Knee Flexion Angles with Wearable Inertial Sensors. The Knee, 26(1), pp. 97–105.
  • [25] Papi E., Bo Y. N., Mcgregor A. H., 2018. A Flexible Wearable Sensor for Knee Flexion Assessment during Gait. Gait & Posture, 62, pp. 480–483.
  • [26] Watson A., Sun M., Pendyal S., Zhou G., 2020. TracKnee: Knee Angle Measurement using Stretchable Conductive Fabric Sensors. Smart Health, 15, pp. 100092.
  • [27] Bergmann J. H., Anastasova-Ivanova S., Spulber I., Gulati V., Georgiou P., McGregor A., 2013. An Attachable Clothing Sensor System for Measuring Knee Joint Angles. IEEE Sensors Journal, 13(10), pp. 4090–4097.
  • [28] Othman A., Hamzah N., Hussain Z., Baharudin R., Rosli A. D., Ani A. I. C., 2016. Design and Development of an Adjustable Angle Sensor Based on Rotary Potentiometer for Measuring Finger Flexion. The 6th IEEE International Conference on Control System, Computing and Engineering, Batu Ferringhi, Malaysia, 25-27 Nov., pp. 569-574, DOI: 10.1109/ICCSCE.2016.7893640.
Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 54 - 62, 31.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.34088/kojose.1024433

Abstract

Project Number

-

References

  • [1] Wang J., Abid H., Lee S., Shu L., Xia, F., 2011. A Secured Healthcare Application Architecture for Cyber-Physical Systems. Control Engineering and Applied Informatics, 13(3), pp. 101–108.
  • [2] Jazdi N. 2014. Cyber Physical Systems in the Context of Industry 4.0. Proc. IEEE International Conference on Automation, Quality and Testing, Robotics, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, 22-24 May, pp. 1-4, DOI: 10.1109/AQTR.2014.6857843.
  • [3] Milenković A., Otto C., Jovanov E., 2006. Wireless Sensor Networks for Personal Health Monitoring: Issues and an Implementation. Computer Communications, 29(13-14), pp. 2521–533.
  • [4] Jovanov E., Milenković A., Otto C., Groen P. C. D., 2005. A Wireless Body Area Network of Intelligent Motion Sensors for Computer Assisted Physical Rehabilitation. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 2(1), pp. 1–10.
  • [5] Shah A. H., Syed M. A., Mustafizur R., 2014. Review of Cyber-Physical System in Healthcare. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 10, pp. 1–20.
  • [6] Lounis A., Hadjidj A., Bouabdallah A., Challal Y., 2012. Secure and Scalable Cloud-Based Architecture for E-Health Wireless Sensor Networks. 21st International Conference on Computer Communication Networks, Munich, Germany, 30 July-2 Aug., pp. 1-7, DOI: 10.1109/ICCCN.2012.6289252.
  • [7] Insup L., Sokolsky O., Chen S., Hatcliff J., et al., 2012. Challenges and Research Directions in Medical Cyber-Physical Systems. Proceedings of the IEEE, 100(1), pp. 75–90.
  • [8] Tang L.-A., Yu X., Kim S., Han J., et al., 2012. Multidimensional Sensor Data Analysis in Cyber-Physical System: An Atypical Cube Approach. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 8(4), pp. 1550–1329.
  • [9] Emmerzaal J., De Brabandere A., Vanrompay Y., Vranken J., Storms V., et al., 2020. Towards the Monitoring of Functional Status in a Free-Living Environment for People with Hip or Knee Osteoarthritis: Design and Evaluation of the JOLO Blended Care App. Sensors (Basel), 20(23), pp. 6967.
  • [10] Bennell K., Hinman R. S., Wrigley T. V., Creaby M. W., Hodges P., 2011. Exercise and Osteoarthritis: Cause and Effects. Comprehensive Physiology, 1(4), pp. 1943–2008.
  • [11] Zampogna B., Papalia R., Papalia G.F., Campi S., Vasta S., Vorini F., Fossati C., Torre G., Denaro V., 2020. The Role of Physical Activity as Conservative Treatment for Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis in Older People: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J. Clin. Med, 9(4), pp. 1167.
  • [12] Masdar A., Ibrahim B. S. K. K., Hanafi D., Mahadi Abdul Jamil M., Rahman, K. A. A., 2013. Knee Joint Angle Measurement System Using Gyroscope and Flex-Sensors for Rehabilitation. The 6th Biomedical Engineering International Conference, Amphur Muang, Thailand, 23-25 Oct., pp. 1-4, DOI: 10.1109/BMEiCon.2013.6687719.
  • [13] Bakhshi S., Mahoor M. H., Davidson B. S., 2011. Development of a Body Joint Angle Measurement System Using IMU Sensors. Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Boston, MA, USA, 30 Aug.-3 Sept., pp. 6923-6926, DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2011.6091743.
  • [14] Faisal A. I., Majumder S., Mondal T., et al., 2019. Monitoring Methods of Human Body Joints: State-of-the-Art and Research Challenges. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 19(11), pp. 2629.
  • [15] Lee S. I., Daneault J., Weydert L., Bonato P., 2016. A Novel Flexible Wearable Sensor for Estimating Joint-Angles. IEEE 13th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN), San Francisco, CA, USA, 14-17 June, pp. 377-382, DOI: 10.1109/BSN.2016.7516291.
  • [16] Kim J-N., Chong W. S., Kim S-H., Kim, K., 2019. Health Management Monitoring System for Use in Classifying Lower Extremity Movements of the Elderly. Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology, 19(7), pp. 1940028.
  • [17] Tognetti A., Lorussi F., Carbonaro N., De Rossi D., 2015. Wearable Goniometer and Accelerometer Sensory Fusion for Knee Joint Angle Measurement in Daily Life. Sensors, 15(11), pp. 28435–28455.
  • [18] Bonnet V., Joukov V., Kulić D., Fraisse P., Ramdani N., et al., 2016. Monitoring of Hip and Knee Joint Angles Using a Single Inertial Measurement Unit during Lower Limb Rehabilitation. IEEE Sensors Journal, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 16(6), pp. 1557–1564.
  • [19] Majumder S., Mondal T., Deen M. J., 2017. Wearable Sensors for Remote Health Monitoring. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 17(1), pp. 130.
  • [20] Cooper G., Sheret I., McMillian L., Siliverdis K., Sha N., Hodgins D., Kenney L., Howard D., 2009. Inertial Sensor-Based Knee Flexion/Extension Angle Estimation. Journal of Biomechanics, 42(16), pp. 2678–2685.
  • [21] Seel T., Raisch J., Schauer T., 2014. IMU-Based Joint Angle Measurement for Gait Analysis. Sensors Journal, 14(4), pp. 6891–6909.
  • [22] Qi Y., Soh C. B., Gunawan E., Low K-S., Thomas R., 2015. Lower Extremity Joint Angle Tracking with Wireless Ultrasonic Sensors during a Squat Exercise. Sensors, 15(5), pp. 9610.
  • [23] Toffola L. D., Patel S., Ozsecen M. Y., Ramachandran R., Bonato P., 2012. A Wearable System for Long-Term Monitoring of Knee Kinematics. IEEE-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics, Hong Kong, China, 5-7 Jan., pp. 188-191, DOI: 10.1109/BHI.2012.6211541.
  • [24] Fennema M. C., Bloomfield R. A., Lanting B. A., Birmingham T. B., Teeter M. G., 2019. Repeatability of Measuring Knee Flexion Angles with Wearable Inertial Sensors. The Knee, 26(1), pp. 97–105.
  • [25] Papi E., Bo Y. N., Mcgregor A. H., 2018. A Flexible Wearable Sensor for Knee Flexion Assessment during Gait. Gait & Posture, 62, pp. 480–483.
  • [26] Watson A., Sun M., Pendyal S., Zhou G., 2020. TracKnee: Knee Angle Measurement using Stretchable Conductive Fabric Sensors. Smart Health, 15, pp. 100092.
  • [27] Bergmann J. H., Anastasova-Ivanova S., Spulber I., Gulati V., Georgiou P., McGregor A., 2013. An Attachable Clothing Sensor System for Measuring Knee Joint Angles. IEEE Sensors Journal, 13(10), pp. 4090–4097.
  • [28] Othman A., Hamzah N., Hussain Z., Baharudin R., Rosli A. D., Ani A. I. C., 2016. Design and Development of an Adjustable Angle Sensor Based on Rotary Potentiometer for Measuring Finger Flexion. The 6th IEEE International Conference on Control System, Computing and Engineering, Batu Ferringhi, Malaysia, 25-27 Nov., pp. 569-574, DOI: 10.1109/ICCSCE.2016.7893640.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Software Engineering, Software Architecture
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Fatih Atamtürk This is me 0000-0001-5138-7231

Halil Yiğit 0000-0003-0932-6966

Project Number -
Publication Date May 31, 2022
Acceptance Date December 14, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Atamtürk, F., & Yiğit, H. (2022). Cyber-Physical System based E-Health: Knee Joint Physical Therapy Monitoring. Kocaeli Journal of Science and Engineering, 5(1), 54-62. https://doi.org/10.34088/kojose.1024433