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‘Angeleno’ erik çeşidinde ethephon ve mepiquat chloride kimyasallarının geç çiçeklenme üzerine etkisi

Year 2017, Volume: 30 Issue: 2, 79 - 84, 01.08.2017

Abstract



Son yıllarda küresel ısınmanın
etkileri, mevsimlere özgü iklimsel olayların daha belirgin ve tarımsal anlamda
hasarın daha büyük olmasına sebep olacak şekilde kendini göstermeye
başlamıştır. Başta sert çekirdekliler ve sert kabuklular olmak üzere, meyve
yetiştiriciliğini kısıtlayan en önemli tehditlerden birisi olan ilkbahar geç
donları, son yıllarda hem zarar düzeyini arttırmış hem de etki ettiği zaman
aralığını genişletmiştir. Bu sebeple, meyve ağaçlarının soğuğa en hassas olduğu
çiçeklenme dönemini, ilkbahar geç donları sonrası döneme taşımak son derece
önemli hale gelmiştir. Çalışmada bu amaçla, ‘Angeleno’ erik çeşidine, şubat ayı
sonunda, kök bölgesinden mepiquat chloride (75 ppm ve 150 ppm), mart ayı başında
toprak üstü aksamına ise ethephon (2000 ppm ve 4000 ppm) ayrı ayrı ve birlikte
uygulanarak etkileri incelenmiştir. Kimyasalların tek başına ve birlikte
denenmesi ile hem çiçeklenme başlangıcında hem de tam çiçeklenmede, kontrole
nazaran önemli görülecek düzeyde geç çiçeklenme kaydedilmiştir. Kimyasalların
tek başına uygulandığı gruplarda 4-8 gün, kimyasalların birlikte uygulandığı
gruplarda ise 8-11 gün çiçeklenmenin geciktiği belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada ortaya
konan sonuçların gelecek üretim sezonlarında ilkbahar geç donlarından
kaynaklanan zararın minimuma indirilmesinde yardımcı olacağı düşünülmektedir.




References

  • Askari E, Irani S, Razmjoo K (2011) Bloom, maturity, and fruit set of pistachio in response to early season application of ethephon. Horticulture, Environment and Biotechnology 52(1): 29-34.
  • Buban T, Turi I (1985) Delaying bloom in apricot and peach trees. In: VIII International Symposium on Apricot Culture and Decline. Kecskemét, Hungary, pp. 57-64.
  • Coneva E, Cline J (2009) Ethrel delays blossoming, reduces fruit set, and increases fruit size of 'Baby Gold 5' peaches. Available at http://www.uoguelph. ca/plant/treefruit/outreach/ethrelposter.pdf. Accessed September 2016.
  • Contreras RLG, Díaz GM, Duarte1 RM, Contreras FR (2010) Effect of Ethephon on Almond Bloom Delay, Yield, and Nut Quality Under Warm Climate Conditions in Northwestern Mexico. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research 71(1): 34-38.
  • Coston DC, Krewer GW, Elkner TE, Williamson JG, Sims ET (1985) Chemical treatments to delay bloom in peach. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 110: 874-877.
  • Crisosto CH, Lombard PB, Fuchigami LH (1989) Fall ethephon delays blooming ‘Redhaven’ peach by delaying flower differentiation and development during dormancy. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 114(6): 881-884.
  • Dennis JrFG (1976) Trials of ethephon and other growth regulators for delaying bloom in tree fruits. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 101: 241-245.
  • Engin H, Ünal A, Gür E (2004) CCC, PP333, GA3, Dormex ve etrel uygulamalarının bazı kiraz çeşitlerinin çiçeklenmesi üzerine etkileri. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 41(3): 35-43.
  • FAO (2013) Plum production quantity and area. http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/default.aspx#ancor. Accessed January 2016.
  • Gausmann HW, Walter H, Rittig FR, Escobar DE, Rodriguez RR (1980) Effect of mepiquat chloride (Pix) on CO2 uptake of cotton plant leaves. In: Proceedings of the Plant Growth Regulator Working Group; annual meeting. Longmont, CO, pp. 1-6.
  • Gianfagna TJ, Marini R, Rachmiel S (1986) Effect of ethephon and GA3 on time of flowering in peach. HortScience 21: 69-70.
  • Gu S, Evers JB, Zhang L, Mao L, Zhang S, Zhao X, Liu S, Werf WVD, Li Z (2014) Modelling the structural response of cotton plants to mepiquat chloride and population density. Annals of Botany 114(4): 877-887.
  • Huang SY (1982) Increase of cold tolerance in cotton plant (Gossypium hirsutum L.) by mepiquat chloride. JSC/Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, USA.
  • Irving DE (1987) ‘Fantasia’ nectarine: Effects of autumn-applied ethephon on blossoming and cropping. New Zealand journal of experimental agriculture 15(1): 67-72.
  • Jones KM, Koen TR (1985) Temperature effects on ethephon thinning of apples. Journal of Horticultural Science 60(1): 21-24.
  • Kerby TA (1985) Cotton response to mepiquat chloride. Agronomy Journal 77(4): 515-518.
  • Knight JN (1982) Regulation ofcropping and fruit quality of Conference pear by the use of gibberellic and thinning. II. The effect of ethephon as a flower thinner when used in conjunction with gibberellic acid application. Journal of Horticultural Science 57(1): 61-67.
  • Mclaughlin JM, Greene DW (1984) Effects of BA, GA4+7, and daminozide on fruit set, fruit quality, vegetative growth, flower initiation, and flower quality of ‘Golden Delicious’ apples. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 109(1): 34-39.
  • Meteoroloji 3. Bölge Müdürlüğü-Eskişehir (2015) Eskişehir merkez meteorolojik verileri, Erişim tarihi Kasım 2015.
  • Özbek S (1978) Özel Meyvecilik. Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayın No: 128, Adana.
  • Paksasorn A, Masuda M, Matsui H, Ohara H, Hirata N (1994) Effect of fall etephon application on bloom delay and fruit set in Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Sieb et Zucc.). Acta Horticulturae 395: 193-200.
  • Palonen P, Buszard D (1997) Current state of cold hardiness research on fruit crops. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 77(3): 399-420.
  • Probsting EL, Mills HH (1973) Bloom delay and frost survival in ethephon-treated sweet cherry. HortScience 8: 46-47.
  • R Development Core Team (2010) R: A language and environment for statistical computing reference index version 2.12.1. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna. http://www.Rproject.org. Accessed January 2016.
  • Reddy RA, Reddy KR, Hodges HF (1996) Mepiquat chloride (PIX)- induced changes in photosynthesis and growth of cotton. Plant Growth Regulation 20(3): 179-183.
  • Reighard GL, Ouellette DR, Brock KH (2006) Pre-bloom thinning of peach flower buds with soybean oil in South Carolina. In: X International Symposium on Plant Bioregulators in Fruit Production.Saltillo, Mexico, pp. 345-352.
  • Rosolem CA, Oosterhuis DM, de Souza FS (2013) Cotton response to mepiquat chloride and temperature. Scientia Agricola 70(2): 82-87.
  • TÜİK (2014) Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. http://www.tuik.gov.tr. Erişim Ocak 2016.
  • Webster AD, Hollands M (1993) Fruit thinning Victoria plums with ammonium thiosulphate. Journal of Horticultural Science 68(2): 237–245.
  • Xu X, Taylor HM (1992) Increase in drought resistance of cotton seedlings treated with mepiquat chloride. Agronomy Journal 84(4): 569-574.
  • Zhao D, Oosterhuis DM (2000) Pix Plus and mepiquat chloride effects on physiology, growth, and yield of field-grown cotton. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 19(4): 415-422.

Effects of ethephon and mepiquat chloride on late blooming of ‘Angeleno’ plum

Year 2017, Volume: 30 Issue: 2, 79 - 84, 01.08.2017

Abstract

In recent years, the effects of global warming have began to show itself, in such a manner that climatic event that are specific to season, are more distinctive and cause bigger damage to agricultural events. The cultivation of fruit is restricted by late spring frost that is one of the most important threats to fruit cultivation. Late spring frost has increased the level of damage and has expanded the time interval to act, lately. Blooming period of fruit trees is the most sensitive term to cold damage, for this reason, it has become extremely important to move this period to the period after late spring frosts. For this purpose, in this study, mepiquat chloride was applied the root zone at the end of February, and ethephon was applied to aboveground parts of trees at the beginning of March, together and separately to ‘Angeleno’ plum cultivar, then the effects of these chemicals were investigated. Both the beginning of flowering and full bloom were recorded significantly late in comparison to the control group, after applications of chemicals together and separately. It was determined that full bloom was delayed 4-8 days at individual chemical applications, and delayed 8-11 days at interactions. The results of the study will help to minimize the damage caused from spring frosts in future production.

References

  • Askari E, Irani S, Razmjoo K (2011) Bloom, maturity, and fruit set of pistachio in response to early season application of ethephon. Horticulture, Environment and Biotechnology 52(1): 29-34.
  • Buban T, Turi I (1985) Delaying bloom in apricot and peach trees. In: VIII International Symposium on Apricot Culture and Decline. Kecskemét, Hungary, pp. 57-64.
  • Coneva E, Cline J (2009) Ethrel delays blossoming, reduces fruit set, and increases fruit size of 'Baby Gold 5' peaches. Available at http://www.uoguelph. ca/plant/treefruit/outreach/ethrelposter.pdf. Accessed September 2016.
  • Contreras RLG, Díaz GM, Duarte1 RM, Contreras FR (2010) Effect of Ethephon on Almond Bloom Delay, Yield, and Nut Quality Under Warm Climate Conditions in Northwestern Mexico. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research 71(1): 34-38.
  • Coston DC, Krewer GW, Elkner TE, Williamson JG, Sims ET (1985) Chemical treatments to delay bloom in peach. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 110: 874-877.
  • Crisosto CH, Lombard PB, Fuchigami LH (1989) Fall ethephon delays blooming ‘Redhaven’ peach by delaying flower differentiation and development during dormancy. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 114(6): 881-884.
  • Dennis JrFG (1976) Trials of ethephon and other growth regulators for delaying bloom in tree fruits. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 101: 241-245.
  • Engin H, Ünal A, Gür E (2004) CCC, PP333, GA3, Dormex ve etrel uygulamalarının bazı kiraz çeşitlerinin çiçeklenmesi üzerine etkileri. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 41(3): 35-43.
  • FAO (2013) Plum production quantity and area. http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/default.aspx#ancor. Accessed January 2016.
  • Gausmann HW, Walter H, Rittig FR, Escobar DE, Rodriguez RR (1980) Effect of mepiquat chloride (Pix) on CO2 uptake of cotton plant leaves. In: Proceedings of the Plant Growth Regulator Working Group; annual meeting. Longmont, CO, pp. 1-6.
  • Gianfagna TJ, Marini R, Rachmiel S (1986) Effect of ethephon and GA3 on time of flowering in peach. HortScience 21: 69-70.
  • Gu S, Evers JB, Zhang L, Mao L, Zhang S, Zhao X, Liu S, Werf WVD, Li Z (2014) Modelling the structural response of cotton plants to mepiquat chloride and population density. Annals of Botany 114(4): 877-887.
  • Huang SY (1982) Increase of cold tolerance in cotton plant (Gossypium hirsutum L.) by mepiquat chloride. JSC/Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, USA.
  • Irving DE (1987) ‘Fantasia’ nectarine: Effects of autumn-applied ethephon on blossoming and cropping. New Zealand journal of experimental agriculture 15(1): 67-72.
  • Jones KM, Koen TR (1985) Temperature effects on ethephon thinning of apples. Journal of Horticultural Science 60(1): 21-24.
  • Kerby TA (1985) Cotton response to mepiquat chloride. Agronomy Journal 77(4): 515-518.
  • Knight JN (1982) Regulation ofcropping and fruit quality of Conference pear by the use of gibberellic and thinning. II. The effect of ethephon as a flower thinner when used in conjunction with gibberellic acid application. Journal of Horticultural Science 57(1): 61-67.
  • Mclaughlin JM, Greene DW (1984) Effects of BA, GA4+7, and daminozide on fruit set, fruit quality, vegetative growth, flower initiation, and flower quality of ‘Golden Delicious’ apples. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 109(1): 34-39.
  • Meteoroloji 3. Bölge Müdürlüğü-Eskişehir (2015) Eskişehir merkez meteorolojik verileri, Erişim tarihi Kasım 2015.
  • Özbek S (1978) Özel Meyvecilik. Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayın No: 128, Adana.
  • Paksasorn A, Masuda M, Matsui H, Ohara H, Hirata N (1994) Effect of fall etephon application on bloom delay and fruit set in Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Sieb et Zucc.). Acta Horticulturae 395: 193-200.
  • Palonen P, Buszard D (1997) Current state of cold hardiness research on fruit crops. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 77(3): 399-420.
  • Probsting EL, Mills HH (1973) Bloom delay and frost survival in ethephon-treated sweet cherry. HortScience 8: 46-47.
  • R Development Core Team (2010) R: A language and environment for statistical computing reference index version 2.12.1. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna. http://www.Rproject.org. Accessed January 2016.
  • Reddy RA, Reddy KR, Hodges HF (1996) Mepiquat chloride (PIX)- induced changes in photosynthesis and growth of cotton. Plant Growth Regulation 20(3): 179-183.
  • Reighard GL, Ouellette DR, Brock KH (2006) Pre-bloom thinning of peach flower buds with soybean oil in South Carolina. In: X International Symposium on Plant Bioregulators in Fruit Production.Saltillo, Mexico, pp. 345-352.
  • Rosolem CA, Oosterhuis DM, de Souza FS (2013) Cotton response to mepiquat chloride and temperature. Scientia Agricola 70(2): 82-87.
  • TÜİK (2014) Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. http://www.tuik.gov.tr. Erişim Ocak 2016.
  • Webster AD, Hollands M (1993) Fruit thinning Victoria plums with ammonium thiosulphate. Journal of Horticultural Science 68(2): 237–245.
  • Xu X, Taylor HM (1992) Increase in drought resistance of cotton seedlings treated with mepiquat chloride. Agronomy Journal 84(4): 569-574.
  • Zhao D, Oosterhuis DM (2000) Pix Plus and mepiquat chloride effects on physiology, growth, and yield of field-grown cotton. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 19(4): 415-422.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Kerem Mertoğlu

Yasemin Evrenosoğlu This is me

Publication Date August 1, 2017
Submission Date September 29, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 30 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Mertoğlu, K., & Evrenosoğlu, Y. (2017). Effects of ethephon and mepiquat chloride on late blooming of ‘Angeleno’ plum. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences, 30(2), 79-84.
AMA Mertoğlu K, Evrenosoğlu Y. Effects of ethephon and mepiquat chloride on late blooming of ‘Angeleno’ plum. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences. August 2017;30(2):79-84.
Chicago Mertoğlu, Kerem, and Yasemin Evrenosoğlu. “Effects of Ethephon and Mepiquat Chloride on Late Blooming of ‘Angeleno’ Plum”. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences 30, no. 2 (August 2017): 79-84.
EndNote Mertoğlu K, Evrenosoğlu Y (August 1, 2017) Effects of ethephon and mepiquat chloride on late blooming of ‘Angeleno’ plum. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences 30 2 79–84.
IEEE K. Mertoğlu and Y. Evrenosoğlu, “Effects of ethephon and mepiquat chloride on late blooming of ‘Angeleno’ plum”, Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 79–84, 2017.
ISNAD Mertoğlu, Kerem - Evrenosoğlu, Yasemin. “Effects of Ethephon and Mepiquat Chloride on Late Blooming of ‘Angeleno’ Plum”. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences 30/2 (August 2017), 79-84.
JAMA Mertoğlu K, Evrenosoğlu Y. Effects of ethephon and mepiquat chloride on late blooming of ‘Angeleno’ plum. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences. 2017;30:79–84.
MLA Mertoğlu, Kerem and Yasemin Evrenosoğlu. “Effects of Ethephon and Mepiquat Chloride on Late Blooming of ‘Angeleno’ Plum”. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences, vol. 30, no. 2, 2017, pp. 79-84.
Vancouver Mertoğlu K, Evrenosoğlu Y. Effects of ethephon and mepiquat chloride on late blooming of ‘Angeleno’ plum. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences. 2017;30(2):79-84.

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