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TÜRKİYE VE JAPONYA: EĞİTİM VE ÖĞRETMEN YETİŞTİRME SİSTEMLERİNE GENEL BİR BAKIŞ

Year 2014, , - , 28.05.2014
https://doi.org/10.21666/mskuefd.50347

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Türkiye ve Japonya’daki eğitim sistemlerinin günümüzdeki genel görünümü ve öğretmen eğitimi süreci incelenmiştir. İki ülke eğitim verileri Bereday’ın karşılaştırmalı araştırmalar modeli ile kullanılmıştır. İncelemede her iki eğitim sisteminin genel özellikleri değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada öncelikle zorunlu eğitim ve okullaşma oranları, yüksek öğretim ve mesleki eğitim konularına değinilmiştir. Makalenin daha sonraki bölümünde ise özel olarak her iki ülkenin öğretmen yetiştirme sistemleri ele alınmıştır. Bu kapsamda öğretmen sorumlulukları, onların çalışma zamanları ile öğretmen yetiştirme süreçleri değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca hizmet öncesi- hizmet içi yetiştirme süreçleri incelenerek öğretmenlerin seçimi ve atamalarına ilişkin bulgular yorumlanarak tartışılmıştır. 

References

  • Akyüz, Y. (1985). Türk Eğitim Tarihi. Başlangıçtan 1985’e. Turkish History of Education. From begining to 1985. (in Turkish) Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Yayınları: 149: Ankara.
  • Aydın, R., Şahin, H & Topal,T. (2008). Türkiye’de ilköğretime sınıf öğretmeni yetiştirmede nitelik arayışları. Searching for Quality in the Training of Primary School Teachers in Turkey. (in Turkish) TSA, 12(2), 119-142.
  • Bayrakcı, M. (2009). In-Service Teacher Raining in Japan and Turkey: a Comparative Analysis of Institutions and Practices, Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 34(1), 10-22.
  • Benesse Education Research and Development Institute (2010), The fifth basic survey for teaching (Elementary and lower secondary school), (in Japanese). Retrieved from http://berd.benesse.jp/berd/center/open/report/shidou_kihon5/sc_hon/index.html
  • Bilir, A. (2011). The historical evolution of teacher training and employment politics in Turkey, Ankara University, Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences, 44(2), 223-246.
  • Bray, M. (2005). Methodology and Focus in Comparative Education. Retrieved from http://web.edu.hku.hk/staff/mbray/docs/Bray_Methodology_&_Focus.pdf.
  • Eşme, İ. (2003). Öğretmen Yetiştirmede 130 Yıllık Bir Sürecin Öyküsü: Yüksek Öğretmen Okulları. The story of A teacher training 130-year-old Process:High Teacher School (in Turkish) Milli Eğitim Dergisi, Sayı 160, http://dhgm.meb.gov.tr/yayimlar/dergiler/Milli_Egitim_Dergisi/160/ esme.htm kaynağından 2.1.2014 tarihinde indirilmiştir.
  • Fujita,H & Dawson,W.P. (2007). The qualifications of the teaching force in Japan, Ingersoll,R.M. (Eds). A Comparative Study of Teacher Preparation and Qualifications in Six Nations (CRPE pp.4155). http://www.cpre.org/sites/default/files/researchreport/823_sixnationsfinal.pdf
  • Fukushima,H. et al.,( 2013). How the teacher education program reform has affected graduating students. Bulletin of the Faculty of Education, Hirosaki University, Vol. 109, 2013, pp.73-81 (in Japanese)
  • Goodman, R. (2010) The rapid redrawing of boundaries in Japanese higher education, Japan Forum, 22:1-2, 65-87, DOI: 10.1080/09555803.2010.488944
  • Gültekin, M. (1993). Öğretmen adayları için uygulama modelleri. Practice models for prospective teachers (in Turkish) Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. 25(2), 821-832.
  • Güven, İ. (2010). Türk Eğitim Tarihi, History of Turkish Education (in Turkish). : Naturel Yayınları.
  • Hata, K. & Morimoto, N. (2005). A Research on Effects of Teaching Experiences in Basic Experience Area in the Semester for Juniors. Center for Research on School Education and Counseling Attached to the Faculty of Education Departmental Bulletin, Vol. 4, 2005, pp.1-12. (in Japanese)
  • Iwata,Y. (2004). Recent trends on teacher education reform in Japan. Retrieved from: http://www.ugakugei.ac.jp/~currict/about/iwata.info/20041023beijing.pdf
  • Kavak, Y., Aydın, A. & Altun, S.A.(2007). Öğretmen yetiştirme ve eğitim fakülteleri (1982-2007) (öğretmenin üniversitede yetiştirilmesinin değerlendirilmesi). Teacher training and Educationala Faculties (1982-2007) (in Turkish.) Ankara: Yükseköğretim Kurulu Yayını 2007-5.
  • Kumazawa, M. (2013). Gaps too large: Four novice EFL teachers’ self-concept and motivation. Teaching and Teacher Education, 33,45-55.
  • Maehara, K. (2014). A critical histtrographical analysis of Japan’s educational policies from the end of the World War II to 2000s. Unpublished manuscript.
  • Karakök, T. (2011). Menderes Dönemi’nde (1950 – 1960) Türkiye’de Eğitim. (Education in Turkey in the Menderes Era (1950 – 1960). (in Turkish). Yükseköğretim ve Bilim Dergisi/Journal of Higher Education and Science, 1(2), Pages 89-97.
  • MEB (2013). Millî eğitim istatistikleri. Örgün Eğitim National Education Statistics Formal Education 2012- 2013. T.C. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı strateji geliştirme başkanlığı. (Ministry of national education strategy development presidency)
  • Ministry of Education, Science and Culture in Japan (1980), Japan's modern educational system, MEXT (2013). Ministry of Education, Science and Culture in Japan.
  • Ministry of Education, Science and Culture in Japan (2014). "Survey result on teacher training for teachers with 10 years experience (2012) " http://www.mext.go.jp/component/a_menu/education/detail/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2014/03/24/1314654 _1.pdf (in Japanese).
  • Munzon, M. (2007). Comparing Places. Bray, M, Adamson, B. And Mason, M. (Eds). Comparative Education Research- Approach and Methods. Comparative Educational Research Centre (pp. 85-122). Hong, China: Springer.
  • National association for the Study of Educational Method, (2011). Lesson study in Japan, (in English) Keisuisha.
  • OECD (2013), Table D3.1. Teachers' statutory salaries at different points in their careers (2011), in Education at a Glance 2013, OECD Publishing. doi: 10.1787/eag-2013-table192-en
  • OECD (2013), Table D4.1 Organization of teachers’ working time (2011) in Education at a Glance 2013, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932851953
  • OECD (2013), Table D4.2 Number of teaching hours per year (2000 and 2005-11) in Education at a Glance 2013, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932851972
  • OECD (2013), Table D2.1 Average class size, by type of institution and level of education (2011) in Education at a Glance 2013, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932851592
  • OECD (2013), Table D2.3 Ratio of students to teaching staff by type of institution (2011) in Education at a Glance 2013, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932851630
  • OECD (2013), Table D3.4 Trends in teachers’ salaries between 2000 and (2011), in Education at a Glance 2013, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932851820
  • OECD (2013), Chart B2.3. Impact of the economic crisis on public expenditure on education. in Education at a Glance 2013,
  • OECD (2013), "Teachers' salaries", Education: Key Tables from OECD, No. 1. doi: 10.1787/teachsaltable-2013-1-en
  • Özoğlu, M. (2010). Türkiye’de öğretmen yetiştirme sisteminin sorunları. the teacher-training system problems in Turkey (in Turkish). SETA Analiz. http://arsiv.setav.org/ups/dosya/20275.pdf 2.1.2014 tarihinde indirilmiştir.
  • PISA (2019). OECD, PISA 2009 Database. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932343342.
  • Sato, M.(2013), How the Abe government changes education? (in Japanese) Iwanami.
  • Saylan, N.(1992). Öğretmen yetiştirme eğitim-öğretim planlarının geliştirilmesi. Teacher trainingDevelopment of education-instruction plans. (in Turkish) Uludağ Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 8(2), 43-50
  • Shimizutani,S. (2011) Education Reform in Japan: A Course for Lifelong Learning, Asia-Pacific Review, 18:2, 105-114.
  • Sözer, E. (1990). Öğretmen yetiştirmeye ilişkin genel kavram ve ölçütlerin üniversitelerimizdeki uygulamalara yansımaları. General reflections on the concept and criteria to teacher training application of the universities (in Turkish). Anadolu Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 3(2), 5566.
  • Tokyo Gakugei University (2010). 2010 Study Guide, Tokyo Gakugei University, (in Japanese)
  • Tokyo metropolitan board of education, (2013). http://www.kyoiku.metro.tokyo.jp/press/ pr130613d.htm (in Japanese)
  • Ulubey,Ö ve Akçatepe,G. (2013). 1948 İlkokul Programı. Gözütok,D; Bıkmaz,F.; Mızıkacı,F.; Alkın,Şahin, S,; Ulubey,Ö,; Koçer, E.; Türe,E. Ve Akçatepe,G. Cumhuriyetin İlanından 2013’e Öğretim Programlarının analizi. Hayat Bilgisi Örneği. Analysis of the teaching Programs from beginning the Republic to 2013: Life Science courses. (in Turkish) (pp.101-134).
  • Urano, H. (2011). An Approach for Improvement of Teacher's Competency of Lesson Management by the Workshop Type Inservice Training in Public Junior High School. Bulletin of the Center for Educational Research and Practice, Faculty of Education and Human Studies, Akita University, Vol.33, pp.111-121. (in Japanese)
  • Wang,A.H., Coleman, A. B., Coley,R.J. and Phelps,R.P. (2003). Preparing Teachers Around the World. Educational Testing Service. Polıcy information report. Retrieved from: https://www.ets.org/Media/Education_Topics/pdf/prepteach.pdf
  • Yıldırım, A. (2011). Öğretmen Eğitiminde Çatışma Alanları ve Yeniden Yapılanma (Competing Agendas and Reform in Teacher Education). Uluslararası Eğitim Programları ve Öğretim Çalışmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 1-17.
  • Yıldız, K.(2004). Türkiye’de öğretmen yetiştirme. Teacher training in Turkey. (in Turkish). Karslı, M.D. (Ed.). Öğretmelik Mesleğine Giriş. (pp. 293-324). Ankara: PegemA .
  • YOK (2013). 2013 Pedagojik formasyon eğitimi sertifika programı tercih kılavuzu. http://www.osym.gov.tr/dosya/1-71403/h/2013--pedagojik-formasyon-tercih-kilavuzu--230120141.pdf. Pedagogical formation education certificate program: Guide (in Turkish).

TURKEY AND JAPAN: GENERAL OUTLOOK OF EDUCATION SYSTEMS AND TEACHER EDUCATION

Year 2014, , - , 28.05.2014
https://doi.org/10.21666/mskuefd.50347

Abstract

This study investigates the overall process of current educational systems both in Turkey and Japan with a focus on teacher training process. This study has administered a descriptive method. In the comparison of the data of the two countries Bereday’s “comparative research model” has been used. In the first place, the general characteristics of the two educational systems have been examined. In this section such topics which are related to compulsory education, schooling ratios, higher education, and vocational training have been tackled. In the following section the teacher training systems in both countries have been examined. It has focused on teachers’ responsibilities and working times, pre-service teacher education in both countries, in service training, the selection and appointment of teachers, and through findings discussions have been conducted

References

  • Akyüz, Y. (1985). Türk Eğitim Tarihi. Başlangıçtan 1985’e. Turkish History of Education. From begining to 1985. (in Turkish) Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Yayınları: 149: Ankara.
  • Aydın, R., Şahin, H & Topal,T. (2008). Türkiye’de ilköğretime sınıf öğretmeni yetiştirmede nitelik arayışları. Searching for Quality in the Training of Primary School Teachers in Turkey. (in Turkish) TSA, 12(2), 119-142.
  • Bayrakcı, M. (2009). In-Service Teacher Raining in Japan and Turkey: a Comparative Analysis of Institutions and Practices, Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 34(1), 10-22.
  • Benesse Education Research and Development Institute (2010), The fifth basic survey for teaching (Elementary and lower secondary school), (in Japanese). Retrieved from http://berd.benesse.jp/berd/center/open/report/shidou_kihon5/sc_hon/index.html
  • Bilir, A. (2011). The historical evolution of teacher training and employment politics in Turkey, Ankara University, Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences, 44(2), 223-246.
  • Bray, M. (2005). Methodology and Focus in Comparative Education. Retrieved from http://web.edu.hku.hk/staff/mbray/docs/Bray_Methodology_&_Focus.pdf.
  • Eşme, İ. (2003). Öğretmen Yetiştirmede 130 Yıllık Bir Sürecin Öyküsü: Yüksek Öğretmen Okulları. The story of A teacher training 130-year-old Process:High Teacher School (in Turkish) Milli Eğitim Dergisi, Sayı 160, http://dhgm.meb.gov.tr/yayimlar/dergiler/Milli_Egitim_Dergisi/160/ esme.htm kaynağından 2.1.2014 tarihinde indirilmiştir.
  • Fujita,H & Dawson,W.P. (2007). The qualifications of the teaching force in Japan, Ingersoll,R.M. (Eds). A Comparative Study of Teacher Preparation and Qualifications in Six Nations (CRPE pp.4155). http://www.cpre.org/sites/default/files/researchreport/823_sixnationsfinal.pdf
  • Fukushima,H. et al.,( 2013). How the teacher education program reform has affected graduating students. Bulletin of the Faculty of Education, Hirosaki University, Vol. 109, 2013, pp.73-81 (in Japanese)
  • Goodman, R. (2010) The rapid redrawing of boundaries in Japanese higher education, Japan Forum, 22:1-2, 65-87, DOI: 10.1080/09555803.2010.488944
  • Gültekin, M. (1993). Öğretmen adayları için uygulama modelleri. Practice models for prospective teachers (in Turkish) Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. 25(2), 821-832.
  • Güven, İ. (2010). Türk Eğitim Tarihi, History of Turkish Education (in Turkish). : Naturel Yayınları.
  • Hata, K. & Morimoto, N. (2005). A Research on Effects of Teaching Experiences in Basic Experience Area in the Semester for Juniors. Center for Research on School Education and Counseling Attached to the Faculty of Education Departmental Bulletin, Vol. 4, 2005, pp.1-12. (in Japanese)
  • Iwata,Y. (2004). Recent trends on teacher education reform in Japan. Retrieved from: http://www.ugakugei.ac.jp/~currict/about/iwata.info/20041023beijing.pdf
  • Kavak, Y., Aydın, A. & Altun, S.A.(2007). Öğretmen yetiştirme ve eğitim fakülteleri (1982-2007) (öğretmenin üniversitede yetiştirilmesinin değerlendirilmesi). Teacher training and Educationala Faculties (1982-2007) (in Turkish.) Ankara: Yükseköğretim Kurulu Yayını 2007-5.
  • Kumazawa, M. (2013). Gaps too large: Four novice EFL teachers’ self-concept and motivation. Teaching and Teacher Education, 33,45-55.
  • Maehara, K. (2014). A critical histtrographical analysis of Japan’s educational policies from the end of the World War II to 2000s. Unpublished manuscript.
  • Karakök, T. (2011). Menderes Dönemi’nde (1950 – 1960) Türkiye’de Eğitim. (Education in Turkey in the Menderes Era (1950 – 1960). (in Turkish). Yükseköğretim ve Bilim Dergisi/Journal of Higher Education and Science, 1(2), Pages 89-97.
  • MEB (2013). Millî eğitim istatistikleri. Örgün Eğitim National Education Statistics Formal Education 2012- 2013. T.C. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı strateji geliştirme başkanlığı. (Ministry of national education strategy development presidency)
  • Ministry of Education, Science and Culture in Japan (1980), Japan's modern educational system, MEXT (2013). Ministry of Education, Science and Culture in Japan.
  • Ministry of Education, Science and Culture in Japan (2014). "Survey result on teacher training for teachers with 10 years experience (2012) " http://www.mext.go.jp/component/a_menu/education/detail/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2014/03/24/1314654 _1.pdf (in Japanese).
  • Munzon, M. (2007). Comparing Places. Bray, M, Adamson, B. And Mason, M. (Eds). Comparative Education Research- Approach and Methods. Comparative Educational Research Centre (pp. 85-122). Hong, China: Springer.
  • National association for the Study of Educational Method, (2011). Lesson study in Japan, (in English) Keisuisha.
  • OECD (2013), Table D3.1. Teachers' statutory salaries at different points in their careers (2011), in Education at a Glance 2013, OECD Publishing. doi: 10.1787/eag-2013-table192-en
  • OECD (2013), Table D4.1 Organization of teachers’ working time (2011) in Education at a Glance 2013, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932851953
  • OECD (2013), Table D4.2 Number of teaching hours per year (2000 and 2005-11) in Education at a Glance 2013, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932851972
  • OECD (2013), Table D2.1 Average class size, by type of institution and level of education (2011) in Education at a Glance 2013, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932851592
  • OECD (2013), Table D2.3 Ratio of students to teaching staff by type of institution (2011) in Education at a Glance 2013, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932851630
  • OECD (2013), Table D3.4 Trends in teachers’ salaries between 2000 and (2011), in Education at a Glance 2013, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932851820
  • OECD (2013), Chart B2.3. Impact of the economic crisis on public expenditure on education. in Education at a Glance 2013,
  • OECD (2013), "Teachers' salaries", Education: Key Tables from OECD, No. 1. doi: 10.1787/teachsaltable-2013-1-en
  • Özoğlu, M. (2010). Türkiye’de öğretmen yetiştirme sisteminin sorunları. the teacher-training system problems in Turkey (in Turkish). SETA Analiz. http://arsiv.setav.org/ups/dosya/20275.pdf 2.1.2014 tarihinde indirilmiştir.
  • PISA (2019). OECD, PISA 2009 Database. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932343342.
  • Sato, M.(2013), How the Abe government changes education? (in Japanese) Iwanami.
  • Saylan, N.(1992). Öğretmen yetiştirme eğitim-öğretim planlarının geliştirilmesi. Teacher trainingDevelopment of education-instruction plans. (in Turkish) Uludağ Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 8(2), 43-50
  • Shimizutani,S. (2011) Education Reform in Japan: A Course for Lifelong Learning, Asia-Pacific Review, 18:2, 105-114.
  • Sözer, E. (1990). Öğretmen yetiştirmeye ilişkin genel kavram ve ölçütlerin üniversitelerimizdeki uygulamalara yansımaları. General reflections on the concept and criteria to teacher training application of the universities (in Turkish). Anadolu Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 3(2), 5566.
  • Tokyo Gakugei University (2010). 2010 Study Guide, Tokyo Gakugei University, (in Japanese)
  • Tokyo metropolitan board of education, (2013). http://www.kyoiku.metro.tokyo.jp/press/ pr130613d.htm (in Japanese)
  • Ulubey,Ö ve Akçatepe,G. (2013). 1948 İlkokul Programı. Gözütok,D; Bıkmaz,F.; Mızıkacı,F.; Alkın,Şahin, S,; Ulubey,Ö,; Koçer, E.; Türe,E. Ve Akçatepe,G. Cumhuriyetin İlanından 2013’e Öğretim Programlarının analizi. Hayat Bilgisi Örneği. Analysis of the teaching Programs from beginning the Republic to 2013: Life Science courses. (in Turkish) (pp.101-134).
  • Urano, H. (2011). An Approach for Improvement of Teacher's Competency of Lesson Management by the Workshop Type Inservice Training in Public Junior High School. Bulletin of the Center for Educational Research and Practice, Faculty of Education and Human Studies, Akita University, Vol.33, pp.111-121. (in Japanese)
  • Wang,A.H., Coleman, A. B., Coley,R.J. and Phelps,R.P. (2003). Preparing Teachers Around the World. Educational Testing Service. Polıcy information report. Retrieved from: https://www.ets.org/Media/Education_Topics/pdf/prepteach.pdf
  • Yıldırım, A. (2011). Öğretmen Eğitiminde Çatışma Alanları ve Yeniden Yapılanma (Competing Agendas and Reform in Teacher Education). Uluslararası Eğitim Programları ve Öğretim Çalışmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 1-17.
  • Yıldız, K.(2004). Türkiye’de öğretmen yetiştirme. Teacher training in Turkey. (in Turkish). Karslı, M.D. (Ed.). Öğretmelik Mesleğine Giriş. (pp. 293-324). Ankara: PegemA .
  • YOK (2013). 2013 Pedagojik formasyon eğitimi sertifika programı tercih kılavuzu. http://www.osym.gov.tr/dosya/1-71403/h/2013--pedagojik-formasyon-tercih-kilavuzu--230120141.pdf. Pedagogical formation education certificate program: Guide (in Turkish).
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Hasan Şeker This is me

Kenji Maehara This is me

Publication Date May 28, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014

Cite

APA Şeker, H., & Maehara, K. (2014). TURKEY AND JAPAN: GENERAL OUTLOOK OF EDUCATION SYSTEMS AND TEACHER EDUCATION. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.21666/mskuefd.50347