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KAOLİN ESASLI TEK BİLEŞENLİ JEOPOLİMERLERİN İNCELENMESİ

Year 2021, Volume: 29 Issue: 2, 172 - 181, 31.08.2021

Sezer Çetin Mehmet Uğur Toprak Seher Güz

https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.902041

Abstract

Bu çalışmada tek bileşenli (beraber öğütülerek bekletilen aluminosilikat ve alkali karışımına su eklenerek üretilen) kaolin bazlı jeopolimerler üretilmiştir. Silis dumanı eklenmesinin ve ön bekleme süresinin jeopolimerlerin mikroyapısına, mekanik ve mineralojik özelliklerine etkileri X-ışını kırınımölçeri (XRD), X-ışını Floresans (XRF), Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu (SEM), Fourier Dönüşümlü Kızılötesi Spektrometre (FT-IR) kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Tek bileşenli kaolin bazlı jeopolimerlerden 66,73 MPa 7 günlük basınç dayanımı elde edilirken silis dumanı eklenmesi ile dayanım artarak 88,57 MPa ulaşmıştır.

Keywords

Kaolin Jeopolimer Alüminosilikat Silis dumanı Sodyum hidroksit

References

  • Al Bakri Abdullah, M. M., Liew, Y. M., Heah, C. Y., & Mohd Tahir, M. F. (2018). Clay-Based Materials in Geopolymer Technology. Cement Based Materials. doi:10.5772/intechopen.74438
  • Aldred, J. M., Bury, M. A., Detwiler, R. J., Fouad, F. H., Halczak, W., Holland, T. C., . . . Zhang, M.-H. (2000). Guide for the Use of Silica Fume in Concrete. Report by ACI Committee
  • Allahverdi, A., Mehrpour, K., & Kani, E. N. (2008). Investigating The Possibility of Utilizing Pucime-Type Natural Pozzonal in Production of Geopolymer Cement. Ceramics silikaty, 52(1), 16-23.
  • Alonso, S., & Palomo, A. (2001). Calorimetric Study of Alkaline Activation of Calcium Hydroxide-Metakaolin Solid Mixtures. Cement and Concrete Research, 31(1), 25-30. doi:10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00435-X
  • Davidovits, J. (1976). Solid-Phase Synthesis of a Mineral Blockpolymer by Low Temperature Polycondensation of Alumino-Silicate Polymers: Na-poly(sialate) or Na-PS and Characteristics. IUPAC Symposium on Long-Term Properties of Polymers and Polymeric. Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Davidovits, J. (1982). The Need to Create a New Technical Language for the Transfer of Basic Scientific Information. Transfer and Exploitation of Scientific and Technical Information, 316 – 320. Luxemburg.
  • Davidovits, J. (1988). Geopolymer Chemistry and Properties. 1st International Conference on Geopolymer, 1, 25-48. Compiegne.
  • Davidovits, J. (1991). GEOPOLYMERS: Inorganic polymeric new materials. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 37, 1633–1656. doi:10.1007/bf01912193
  • Davidovits, J. (1994). Geopolymers: Man-made rock geosynthesis and the resulting development of very early high strength cement. Journal Materials Education, 16, 91-139.
  • Dimas, D. D., Giannopoulou, I. P., & Panias , D. (2009). Utilization of Alumina Red Mud for Synthesis of Inorganic Polymeric Materials. Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, 30, 211-239. doi:10.1080/08827500802498199
  • Duxson, P. (2009). Geopolymer precursor design. In J. S. John L. Provis, Geopolymers, 37-49. Abington Hall, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing Limited. doi:10.1533/9781845696382.1.37
  • Duxson, P., Fernández-Jiménez, A., Provis, J. L., Lukey, G. C., Palomo, A., & van Deventer, J. S. (2007). Geopolymer technology: the current state of the art. Journal of Materials Science, 42, 2917–2933. doi:10.1007/s10853-006-0637-z
  • Hajimohammadi, A., Provis, J. L., & van Deventer, J. S. (2008). One-Part Geopolymer Mixes from Geothermal Silica and Sodium Aluminate. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 47, 9396-9405. doi:10.1021/ie8006825
  • Koloušek, D., Urbanova, M., Andertova, J., Hulinsky, V., & Vorel, J. (2007). Preparation, structure and hydrothermal stability of alternative (sodium silicate-free) geopolymers. Journal of Materials Science, 42, 9267–9275. doi:10.1007/s10853-007-1910-5
  • Komnitsas, K., & Zaharaki, D. (2007). Geopolymerisation: A Review and Prospects for the Minerals Industry. Minerals Engineering, 20(14), 1261-1277. doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2007.07.011
  • Konan, K. L., Peyratout, C., Smith, A., Bonnet, J.-P., Rossignol, S., & Oyetola, S. (2009). Comparison of surface properties between kaolin and metakaolin in concentrated lime solutions. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 339(1), 103-109. doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2009.07.019
  • Milkey, R. G. (1960). Infrared spectra of some tectosilicates. American Mineralogist: Journal of Earth and Planetary Materials, 45(9-10), 990-1007
  • Pacheco-Torgal, F., Castro-Gomes, J., & Jalali, S. (2008). Alkali-activated binders: A review: Part 1. Historical background, terminology, reaction mechanisms and hydration products. Construction and Building Materials, 22(7), 1305–1314. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.10.015
  • Palomo, A., Grutzeck, M. W., & Blanco-Varela, M. T. (1999). Alkali-Activated Fly Ashes - A Cement for the Future. Cement and Concrete Research, 29(8), 1323-1329. doi:10.1016/S0008-8846(98)00243-9
  • Peng, M. X., Wang, Z. H., Shen, S. H., & Xiao, Q. G. (2015). Synthesis, characterization and mechanisms of one-part geopolymeric cement by calcining low-quality kaolin with alkali. Materials and Structures, 48, 699–708. doi:10.1617/s11527-014-0350-3
  • Poon, C.-S., Lam, L., Kou, S., Wong, Y.-L., & Wong, R. (2001). Rate of pozzolanic reaction of metakaolin in high-performance cement pastes. Cement and Concrete Research, 31, 1301-1306. doi:10.1016/S0008-8846(01)00581-6
  • Provis, J. L. (2009). Activating solution chemistry for geopolymers. In J. L. Provis, & J. S. van Deventer, Geopolymers : structure, processing, properties and industrial applications, 50–71. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing. doi:10.1533/9781845696382.1.50
  • Provis, J. L. (2014). Geopolymers and other alkali activated materials: why, how, and what? Materials and Structures, 47, 11–25. doi:10.1617/s11527-013-0211-5
  • Provis, J. L., & van Deventer, J. S. (2009). Introduction to geopolymers. In J. L. Provis, & J. J. van Deventer, Geopolymers : structure, processing, properties and industrial applications, 1-11. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing. doi:10.1533/9781845696382.1
  • Provis, J. L., Duxson, P., Kavalerova, E., Krivenko, P. V., Pan, Z., Puertas, F., & van Deventer, J. S. (2014). Historical Aspects and Overview. In J. L. Provis, & J. S. van Deventer (Eds.), Alkali Activated Materials, 13, 11-57. Dordrecht: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7672-2_2
  • Provis, J. L., Lukey, G. C., & van Deventer, J. S. (2005). Do Geopolymers Actually Contain Nanocrystalline Zeolites? A Reexamination of Existing Results. Chemistry of Materials, 17(12), 3075-3085. doi:10.1021/cm050230i
  • Shi, C., Fernández-Jiménez, A., & Palomo, A. (2011). New Cements for the 21st Century: The Pursuit of an Alternative to Portland Cement. Cement and Concrete Research, 41(7), 750-763. doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2011.03.016
  • Shvarzman, A., Kovler, K., Grader, G., & Shter, G. (2003). The effect of dehydroxylation/amorphization degree on pozzolanic activity of kaolinite. Cement and Concrete Research, 33(3), 405-416. doi:10.1016/S0008-8846(02)00975-4
  • Sturm, P., Greiser, S., Gluth, G. J., Jäger, C., & Brouwers, H. (2015). Degree of reaction and phase content of silica-based one-part geopolymers investigated using chemical and NMR spectroscopic methods. Journal of Materials Science, 50, 6768–6778. doi:10.1007/s10853-015-9232-5
  • Tonak, T., Sipahi, F., & Atay, Y. (1997). Elektrometalurji Sanayii Atık Ürünü Silis Dumanı’nın Çimento Üretiminde Kullanılması. Endüstriyel Atıkların İnşaat Sektöründe Kullanılması Sempozyumu, 169-183. Ankara: TMMOB İnşaat Müh. Odası
  • van Jaarsveld, J. G., van Deventer, J. S., & Lukey, G. C. (2002). The Effect of Composition and Temperature on the Properties of Fly Ash- and Kaolinite-Based Geopolymers. Chemical Engineering Journal, 89(1-3), 63-73. doi:10.1016/S1385-8947(02)00025-6
  • Yeğinobalı, A. (2009). Silis Dumanı ve Çimento ile Betonda Kullanımı. Türkiye Çimento Müstahsilleri Birliği, 27-36

INVESTIGATION OF KAOLIN BASED ONE PART GEOPOLYMERS

Year 2021, Volume: 29 Issue: 2, 172 - 181, 31.08.2021

Sezer Çetin Mehmet Uğur Toprak Seher Güz

https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.902041

Abstract

Kaolin based one-part geopolymers (produced by adding water to preground aluminosilicate+alkali mixture) were produced in this study. Effect of and silica fume addition and prewaiting time on microstructure, mechanical and mineralogical properties of geopolymers evaluated with X–ray Fluorescence (XRF), X–ray diffractometer (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FT–IR). Kaolin based one-part geopolymers gained 7-day compressive strength of 66.73 MPa while silica fume addition enhanced the strength up to 88.57 MPa.

Keywords

Kaolin Geopolymer Aluminosilicate Silica fume Sodium hydroxide

References

  • Al Bakri Abdullah, M. M., Liew, Y. M., Heah, C. Y., & Mohd Tahir, M. F. (2018). Clay-Based Materials in Geopolymer Technology. Cement Based Materials. doi:10.5772/intechopen.74438
  • Aldred, J. M., Bury, M. A., Detwiler, R. J., Fouad, F. H., Halczak, W., Holland, T. C., . . . Zhang, M.-H. (2000). Guide for the Use of Silica Fume in Concrete. Report by ACI Committee
  • Allahverdi, A., Mehrpour, K., & Kani, E. N. (2008). Investigating The Possibility of Utilizing Pucime-Type Natural Pozzonal in Production of Geopolymer Cement. Ceramics silikaty, 52(1), 16-23.
  • Alonso, S., & Palomo, A. (2001). Calorimetric Study of Alkaline Activation of Calcium Hydroxide-Metakaolin Solid Mixtures. Cement and Concrete Research, 31(1), 25-30. doi:10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00435-X
  • Davidovits, J. (1976). Solid-Phase Synthesis of a Mineral Blockpolymer by Low Temperature Polycondensation of Alumino-Silicate Polymers: Na-poly(sialate) or Na-PS and Characteristics. IUPAC Symposium on Long-Term Properties of Polymers and Polymeric. Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Davidovits, J. (1982). The Need to Create a New Technical Language for the Transfer of Basic Scientific Information. Transfer and Exploitation of Scientific and Technical Information, 316 – 320. Luxemburg.
  • Davidovits, J. (1988). Geopolymer Chemistry and Properties. 1st International Conference on Geopolymer, 1, 25-48. Compiegne.
  • Davidovits, J. (1991). GEOPOLYMERS: Inorganic polymeric new materials. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 37, 1633–1656. doi:10.1007/bf01912193
  • Davidovits, J. (1994). Geopolymers: Man-made rock geosynthesis and the resulting development of very early high strength cement. Journal Materials Education, 16, 91-139.
  • Dimas, D. D., Giannopoulou, I. P., & Panias , D. (2009). Utilization of Alumina Red Mud for Synthesis of Inorganic Polymeric Materials. Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, 30, 211-239. doi:10.1080/08827500802498199
  • Duxson, P. (2009). Geopolymer precursor design. In J. S. John L. Provis, Geopolymers, 37-49. Abington Hall, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing Limited. doi:10.1533/9781845696382.1.37
  • Duxson, P., Fernández-Jiménez, A., Provis, J. L., Lukey, G. C., Palomo, A., & van Deventer, J. S. (2007). Geopolymer technology: the current state of the art. Journal of Materials Science, 42, 2917–2933. doi:10.1007/s10853-006-0637-z
  • Hajimohammadi, A., Provis, J. L., & van Deventer, J. S. (2008). One-Part Geopolymer Mixes from Geothermal Silica and Sodium Aluminate. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 47, 9396-9405. doi:10.1021/ie8006825
  • Koloušek, D., Urbanova, M., Andertova, J., Hulinsky, V., & Vorel, J. (2007). Preparation, structure and hydrothermal stability of alternative (sodium silicate-free) geopolymers. Journal of Materials Science, 42, 9267–9275. doi:10.1007/s10853-007-1910-5
  • Komnitsas, K., & Zaharaki, D. (2007). Geopolymerisation: A Review and Prospects for the Minerals Industry. Minerals Engineering, 20(14), 1261-1277. doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2007.07.011
  • Konan, K. L., Peyratout, C., Smith, A., Bonnet, J.-P., Rossignol, S., & Oyetola, S. (2009). Comparison of surface properties between kaolin and metakaolin in concentrated lime solutions. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 339(1), 103-109. doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2009.07.019
  • Milkey, R. G. (1960). Infrared spectra of some tectosilicates. American Mineralogist: Journal of Earth and Planetary Materials, 45(9-10), 990-1007
  • Pacheco-Torgal, F., Castro-Gomes, J., & Jalali, S. (2008). Alkali-activated binders: A review: Part 1. Historical background, terminology, reaction mechanisms and hydration products. Construction and Building Materials, 22(7), 1305–1314. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.10.015
  • Palomo, A., Grutzeck, M. W., & Blanco-Varela, M. T. (1999). Alkali-Activated Fly Ashes - A Cement for the Future. Cement and Concrete Research, 29(8), 1323-1329. doi:10.1016/S0008-8846(98)00243-9
  • Peng, M. X., Wang, Z. H., Shen, S. H., & Xiao, Q. G. (2015). Synthesis, characterization and mechanisms of one-part geopolymeric cement by calcining low-quality kaolin with alkali. Materials and Structures, 48, 699–708. doi:10.1617/s11527-014-0350-3
  • Poon, C.-S., Lam, L., Kou, S., Wong, Y.-L., & Wong, R. (2001). Rate of pozzolanic reaction of metakaolin in high-performance cement pastes. Cement and Concrete Research, 31, 1301-1306. doi:10.1016/S0008-8846(01)00581-6
  • Provis, J. L. (2009). Activating solution chemistry for geopolymers. In J. L. Provis, & J. S. van Deventer, Geopolymers : structure, processing, properties and industrial applications, 50–71. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing. doi:10.1533/9781845696382.1.50
  • Provis, J. L. (2014). Geopolymers and other alkali activated materials: why, how, and what? Materials and Structures, 47, 11–25. doi:10.1617/s11527-013-0211-5
  • Provis, J. L., & van Deventer, J. S. (2009). Introduction to geopolymers. In J. L. Provis, & J. J. van Deventer, Geopolymers : structure, processing, properties and industrial applications, 1-11. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing. doi:10.1533/9781845696382.1
  • Provis, J. L., Duxson, P., Kavalerova, E., Krivenko, P. V., Pan, Z., Puertas, F., & van Deventer, J. S. (2014). Historical Aspects and Overview. In J. L. Provis, & J. S. van Deventer (Eds.), Alkali Activated Materials, 13, 11-57. Dordrecht: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7672-2_2
  • Provis, J. L., Lukey, G. C., & van Deventer, J. S. (2005). Do Geopolymers Actually Contain Nanocrystalline Zeolites? A Reexamination of Existing Results. Chemistry of Materials, 17(12), 3075-3085. doi:10.1021/cm050230i
  • Shi, C., Fernández-Jiménez, A., & Palomo, A. (2011). New Cements for the 21st Century: The Pursuit of an Alternative to Portland Cement. Cement and Concrete Research, 41(7), 750-763. doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2011.03.016
  • Shvarzman, A., Kovler, K., Grader, G., & Shter, G. (2003). The effect of dehydroxylation/amorphization degree on pozzolanic activity of kaolinite. Cement and Concrete Research, 33(3), 405-416. doi:10.1016/S0008-8846(02)00975-4
  • Sturm, P., Greiser, S., Gluth, G. J., Jäger, C., & Brouwers, H. (2015). Degree of reaction and phase content of silica-based one-part geopolymers investigated using chemical and NMR spectroscopic methods. Journal of Materials Science, 50, 6768–6778. doi:10.1007/s10853-015-9232-5
  • Tonak, T., Sipahi, F., & Atay, Y. (1997). Elektrometalurji Sanayii Atık Ürünü Silis Dumanı’nın Çimento Üretiminde Kullanılması. Endüstriyel Atıkların İnşaat Sektöründe Kullanılması Sempozyumu, 169-183. Ankara: TMMOB İnşaat Müh. Odası
  • van Jaarsveld, J. G., van Deventer, J. S., & Lukey, G. C. (2002). The Effect of Composition and Temperature on the Properties of Fly Ash- and Kaolinite-Based Geopolymers. Chemical Engineering Journal, 89(1-3), 63-73. doi:10.1016/S1385-8947(02)00025-6
  • Yeğinobalı, A. (2009). Silis Dumanı ve Çimento ile Betonda Kullanımı. Türkiye Çimento Müstahsilleri Birliği, 27-36
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Civil Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Sezer Çetin 0000-0002-8976-3594

Mehmet Uğur Toprak 0000-0001-5483-2871

Seher Güz 0000-0003-4926-8035

Publication Date August 31, 2021
Acceptance Date May 27, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 29 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Çetin, S., Toprak, M. U., & Güz, S. (2021). INVESTIGATION OF KAOLIN BASED ONE PART GEOPOLYMERS. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 29(2), 172-181. https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.902041
AMA Çetin S, Toprak MU, Güz S. INVESTIGATION OF KAOLIN BASED ONE PART GEOPOLYMERS. ESOGÜ Müh Mim Fak Derg. August 2021;29(2):172-181. doi:10.31796/ogummf.902041
Chicago Çetin, Sezer, Mehmet Uğur Toprak, and Seher Güz. “INVESTIGATION OF KAOLIN BASED ONE PART GEOPOLYMERS”. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 29, no. 2 (August 2021): 172-81. https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.902041.
EndNote Çetin S, Toprak MU, Güz S (August 1, 2021) INVESTIGATION OF KAOLIN BASED ONE PART GEOPOLYMERS. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 29 2 172–181.
IEEE S. Çetin, M. U. Toprak, and S. Güz, “INVESTIGATION OF KAOLIN BASED ONE PART GEOPOLYMERS”, ESOGÜ Müh Mim Fak Derg, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 172–181, 2021, doi: 10.31796/ogummf.902041.
ISNAD Çetin, Sezer et al. “INVESTIGATION OF KAOLIN BASED ONE PART GEOPOLYMERS”. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 29/2 (August 2021), 172-181. https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.902041.
JAMA Çetin S, Toprak MU, Güz S. INVESTIGATION OF KAOLIN BASED ONE PART GEOPOLYMERS. ESOGÜ Müh Mim Fak Derg. 2021;29:172–181.
MLA Çetin, Sezer et al. “INVESTIGATION OF KAOLIN BASED ONE PART GEOPOLYMERS”. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 29, no. 2, 2021, pp. 172-81, doi:10.31796/ogummf.902041.
Vancouver Çetin S, Toprak MU, Güz S. INVESTIGATION OF KAOLIN BASED ONE PART GEOPOLYMERS. ESOGÜ Müh Mim Fak Derg. 2021;29(2):172-81.
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