Investigation of Cold Storage Possibilities in Mass Production of Adult Stages of Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter (Hemiptera: Miridae)

Year 2024, Volume: 38 Issue: 1, 1 - 8, 30.04.2024

Büşra Candan Levent Ünlü

Abstract

In this study, the effect of exposing the adult stages of the predator Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae) to cold temperatures for varying lengths of time was examined. In the experiment, individuals that reached adultstage on the same day were kept in the dark for 5, 10, and 15 days at 7, 10, and 15°C. Adults kept at low temperatures were fed three times per week with eggs of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and cotton wool soaked in honey water. Individuals of N. tenuis that survived storage were reared at 25°C under long-day conditions (16:8 L:D). The lowest adult survival rate after storage was 65.00% when held at 7°C for 15 days, while the highest survival rates were 94.00% and 98.00% when stored at 7 and 10°C, respectively, for 5 days. The most extended longevity in individuals reared following storage was 14.06 days at 7°C and 14.94 days at 10°C, respectively, while the shortest lifespan was 8.10 days in adults held at 15°C for 15 days. The average number of nymphs produced by adults kepted at 7°C for 15 days was 322.4, while the number produced by adults kept at 15°C for 15 days was 47.6. Except for the nymphs acquired from adults held at 15°C for 15 days, the number of nymphs obtained from adults stored at other dates and temperatures did not differ statistically from the control group. The study concludes that those who intend to mass-produce N. tenuis adults should store them at temperatures between 7 and 10°C for up to 10 days.

Keywords

Nesidiocoris tenuis, Biological Control, Mass Production, Refrigerated Storage

References

• Abdel-Baky NF, Ragab ME, Gahanim AA, El-Nagar ME, El-mtewally MM (2015). Influence of cold storage on the viability of vedalia beetle, Rodolia cardinalis (Mulsant) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology 6 (6): 915- 927. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2015.74522
• Abd El-Gawad HAA, Sayed AMM, Ahmed SA (2010). Impact of cold storage temperature and period on performance of Trichogramma evanescens Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 4, 2188–2195.
• Ayvaz A, Karasa E, Karaborklu S, Tuncbilek A (2008). Effects of cold storage, rearing temperature, parasitoid age and irradiation on the performance of Trichogramma evanescens Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Journal of Stored Products Research 44: 232–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2008.02.001
• Bueno VHP, Carvalho LV, Van Lenteren JC (2014). Performance of Orius insidiosus after storage, exposure to dispersal material, handling and shipment processes. Bulletin of Insectology 67 (2): 175-183.
• Bulut H, Kilincer N (1987). Yumurta paraziti Trichogramma spp. (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae)’nin un güvesi (Ephestia kuehniella Zell.) (Lep.: Pyralidae) yumurtalarında üretimi ve konukçu-parazit ilişkileri. Türkiye I. Entomoloji Kongresi, İzmir, pp. 13-16.
• Colinet H, Boivin G (2011). Insect parasitoids cold storage: A comprehensive review of factors of variability and consequences. Biological Control. 58: 83-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.04.014
• Duzgunes O, Kesici T, Kavunvu O, Gurbuz F (1987). Araştırma ve Deneme Metotları (İstatistik Metotları- II). Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları : 1021.
• Kim JH, Kim HY, Han MY, Choi MY, Hwang SJ, Lee MS (2009). Cold storage effect on the biological characteristics of Orius laevigatus (Fieber) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) and Phytoseiulus persimilis AthiasHenriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Korean Journal Applied Entomology 48: 361-368. https://doi.org/10.5656/KSAE.2009.48.3.361
• Kui K, Fu B, Lin J, Fu Y, Peng Z, Jin Q (2014). Effect of temperatures and cold storage on performance of Tetrastichus brontispae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a parasitoid of Brontispa longissima (Coleptera: Chrysomelidae). Journal of Insect Science, 14(257). https://doi.org/10.1093/jisesa%2Fieu119
• Leopold RA (1998). Cold storage of insects for integrated pest management. In: Hallman, G.J., Denlinger, D.L. (Eds.), Temperature Sensitivity in Insects and Application in Integrated Pest Management. Westview Press, Boulder, CO, pp. 235–267.
• Ozder N, Yaz M (2016). Trichogramma pintoi Voegele tarafından parazitlenmiş Ephestia kuehniella Zeller yumurtalarının farklı sıcaklıklarda depolanması üzerine araştırmalar. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 13(03).
• Pitcher SA, Hoffmann MP, Gardner J, Wright MG, Kuhar TP (2002). Cold storage of Trichogramma ostrinia ereared on Sitotroga cerealella eggs. Biocontrol 47: 525–535. https://doi.org/10.1023/A%3A1016533116798
• Rudolf E, Malausa JC, Millot P, Pralavorio R (1993). Influence of cold temperature on biological characteristics of Orius laevigatus and Orius majusculus (Het.: Anthocoridae). (Influence des basses temperatures sur lespotentialites biologiques Orius laevigatus et Orius majusculus (Het.: Anthocoridae)). Entomophaga 38(3): 317-325.
• Sanchez JA (2009). Density thresholds for Nesidiocoris tenuis (Heteroptera: Miridae) in tomato crops. Biological Control 51: 493–498. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2011.605517
• Sohrabi F, Hosseini R (2015). Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) (Heteroptera: Miridae), a predatory species of the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in Iran. Journal of Plant Protection Research Vol. 55, No. 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jppr-2015-0029
• Surucu F (2009). Avcı böcek Anthocoris minki Dohrn. (Hetereoptera: Anthocoridae)’nin kitle üretiminde soğukta depolama imkanlarının araştırılması. MSc Thesis, Harran University, TR.
• Tunca H, Yesil AN, Calıskan TF (2014). Cold storage possibilities of a larval parasitoid, Venturia canescens (Gravenhorst) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi 38(1): 19-29.
• Urbaneja-Bernat P, Alonso M, Tena A, Bolckmans K, Urbaneja A (2013). Sugar as nutritional supplement for the zoophytophagous predator Nesidiocoris tenuis. BioControl 58:57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10526-012-9466-y
• Uygun N, Ulusoy MR, Satar S (2010). Biyolojik mücadele. Türkiye Biyolojik Mücadele Dergisi 1 (1): 1-14.
• Yanık E, Unlu L (2015). Storage studies of different stages of Anthocoris minki Dohrn (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) under low temperatures. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi 39 (3): 277-286. https://doi.org/10.16970/ted.90470
• Zhang LH, Lu ZT, Guo CF, Shen ZL, Wang ZQ, Sang W, Qıu BL (2020). Effects of cold storage on the fitness of Tamarixia radiata, a dominant parasitoid of Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri. Crop Protection 129: 104988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11101178