Araştırma Makalesi
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Sosyal Medya Kullanımının Arkasındaki Güdüler: Teorik Bir Değerlendirme

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 2, 443 - 456, 30.11.2022
https://doi.org/10.54838/bilgisosyal.1184413

Öz

Amaç –Bu çalışmada sosyal medya (SM) kullanımının arkasında yatan güdüleri araştırmak amaçlanmış-tır.
Yöntem/Metodoloji/Dizayn- Konu hakkında ön plana çıkan çalışmalar teorik olarak incelenmiş, sosyal medya türlerine göre detaylandırılarak sınıflandırılmış ve çıkarımlar yapılmıştır. Bu bağlamda çalışma literatür incelemesi niteliği taşımaktadır.
Sonuçlar- Literatürde en çok vurgulanan SM siteleri Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, TikTok, Snapchat, LinkedIn ve YouTube'dur. SM kullanımının ardındaki nedenler çoğunlukla kullanımlar ve tatmin yaklaşımı ile açıklanmaktadır. SM kullanımında en çok vurgulanan güdüler sosyal etkileşim, eğlence ve bilgi aramadır. Son olarak, sosyal medya kullanımında sosyal güdülerin etkileri bireysel güdülere göre daha yüksektir.
Katkı/Farklılıklar- Bu çalışma ile birlikte SM kullanımına dair bir profilin çizilmesi ve bireyleri sosyal medya kullanımına iten güdülere yönelik bilgi biri-kiminin artması yoluyla söz konusu alana katkı sağlanması beklenmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Aalbers, G., McNally, R. J., Heeren, A., De Wit, S., & Fried, E. I. (2019). Social media and depression symptoms: A network perspective. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 148(8), 1454. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000528.
  • Alhabash, S., & Ma, M. (2017). A tale of four platforms: Motivations and uses of Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat among college students? Social Media+ Society, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305117691544.
  • Anderson, M., & Jiang, J. (2018). Teens, social media & technology 2018. Pew Research Center, 31, 1673-1689.
  • Antheunis, M. L., Tates, K., & Nieboer, T. E. (2013). Patients’ and health professionals’ use of social media in health care: motives, barriers and expectations. Patient Education and Counseling, 92(3), 426-431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2013.06.020.
  • Baek, K., Holton, A., Harp, D., & Yaschur, C. (2011). The links that bind: Uncovering novel motivations for linking on Facebook. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(6), 2243–2248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2011.07.003.
  • Bahadur, K. S. (2021). A Brief Study On Negative Effects of Social Media On Youth. Bayan College International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1(02), 1-17.
  • Benavides, T. T. (2022). Social Media and Innovation: Opportunities and Challenges for Organizations. In: Machado, C., Davim, J.P. (eds) Organizational Innovation in the Digital Age. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98183-9_7.
  • Bolar, K. P. (2009). Motives behind the use of social networking sites: an empirical study. ICFAI Journal of Management Research, 8(1), 75-84.
  • Bowden-Green, T., Hinds, J., & Joinson, A. (2021). Personality and motives for social media use when physically distanced: a uses and gratifications approach. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 607948. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.607948.
  • Brailovskaia, J., Schillack, H., & Margraf, J. (2020). Tell me why are you using social media (SM)! Relationship between reasons for use of SM, SM flow, daily stress, depression, anxiety, and addictive SM use–An exploratory investigation of young adults in Germany. Computers in Human Behavior, 113, 106511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106511.
  • Brandt, J., Buckingham, K., Buntain, C., Anderson, W., Ray, S., Pool, J., & Ferrari, N. (2020). Identifying social media user demographics and topic diversity with computational social science: a case study of a major international policy forum. Journal of Computational Social Science, 3, 167–188. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42001-019-00061-9.
  • Chen, K., Luo, Y., Hu, A., Zhao, J., & Zhang, L. (2021). Characteristics of Misinformation Spreading on Social Media during the COVID-19 Outbreak in China: A Descriptive Analysis. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 14, 1869–1879. https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S312327.
  • D’Arienzo, M. C., Boursier, V., & Griffiths, M. D. (2019). Addiction to social media and attachment styles: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 17(4), 1094-1118. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-019-00082-5.
  • Fan, M., & Hemans, M. (2022). TikTok: How a Chinese Video Clip App Became a Popular and Successful Global Brand. In Casebook of Chinese Business Management, 33-45. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8074-8_4.
  • Gil de Zúñiga, H., Diehl, T., Huber, B., & Liu, J. (2017). Personality traits and social media use in 20 countries: How personality relates to frequency of social media use, social media news use, and social media use for social interaction. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 20(9), 540-552. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2017.0295.
  • Haand, R., & Shuwang, Z. (2020). The relationship between social media addiction and depression: A quantitative study among university students in Khost, Afghanistan. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 25(1), 780-786. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2020.1741407.
  • Heinonen, K. (2011). Consumer activity in social media: Managerial approaches to consumers' social media behavior. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 10(6), 356-364. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.376.
  • Heiss, R., Knoll, J. & Matthes, J. (2020). Pathways to political (dis-)engagement: motivations behind social media use and the role of incidental and intentional exposure modes in adolescents’ political engagement. Communications, 45(s1), 671-693. https://doi.org/10.1515/commun-2019-2054.
  • Huang, Y. T., & Su, S. F. (2018). Motives for Instagram use and topics of interest among young adults. Future Internet, 10(8), 77. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi10080077.
  • Hwang, H., & Kim, K. O. (2015). Social media as a tool for social movements: The effect of social media use and social capital on intention to participate in social movements. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 39(5), 478-488. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12221.
  • Khan, M. L. (2017). Social media engagement: What motivates user participation and consumption on YouTube? Computers in Human Behavior, 66, 236-247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.09.024.
  • Kim, Y., Sohn, D., & Choi, S. M. (2011). Cultural difference in motivations for using social network sites: A comparative study of American and Korean college students. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(1), 365-372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2010.08.015.
  • Luchman, J. N., Bergstrom, J., & Krulikowski, C. (2014). A motives framework of social media website use: A survey of young Americans. Computers in Human Behavior, 38, 136-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.05.016.
  • Pang, A., Yingzhi Tan, E., Song-Qi Lim, R., Yue-Ming Kwan, T., & Bhardwaj Lakhanpal, P. (2016). Building effective relations with social media influencers in Singapore. Media Asia, 43(1), 56-68. https://doi.org/10.1080/01296612.2016.1177962.
  • Park, N., Kee, K. F., & Valenzuela, S. (2009). Being immersed in social networking environment: Facebook groups, uses and gratifications, and social outcomes. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 12(6), 729-733. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2009.0003.
  • Peris, M., de la Barrera, U., Schoeps, K., & Montoya-Castilla, I. (2020). Psychological risk factors that predict social networking and internet addiction in adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 4598. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124598.
  • Ross, C., Orr, E. S., Sisic, M., Arseneault, J. M., Simmering, M. G., & Orr, R. R. (2009). Personality and motivations associated with Facebook use. Computers in Human Behavior, 25(2), 578-586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2008.12.024.
  • Samara, F., Ondieki, S., Hossain, A. M., & Mekni, M. (2021, October). Online Social Network Interactions (OSNI): A Novel Online Reputation Management Solution. In 2021 International Conference on Engineering and Emerging Technologies (ICEET), 1-6. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1109/ICEET53442.2021.9659615.
  • Scherr, S., & Wang, K. (2021). Explaining the success of social media with gratification niches: Motivations behind daytime, nighttime, and active use of TikTok in China. Computers in Human Behavior, 124, 106893. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.106893.
  • Shao, G. (2009). Understanding the appeal of user‐generated media: a uses and gratification perspective. Internet Research, 19(1), 7-25. https://doi.org/10.1108/10662240910927795.
  • Sheldon, P., & Bryant, K. (2016). Instagram: Motives for its use and relationship to narcissism and contextual age. Computers in Human Behavior, 58, 89-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.12.059.
  • Sheldon, P., & Newman, M. (2019). Instagram and american teens: understanding motives for its use and relationship to excessive reassurance-seeking and interpersonal rejection. The Journal of Social Media in Society, 8(1), 1-16.
  • Sheldon, P., Rauschnabel, P., Antony, M. G., & Car, S. (2017). A cross-cultural comparison of Croatian and American social network sites: Exploring cultural differences in motives for Instagram use. Computers in Human Behavior, 75, 643-651. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.06.009.
  • Singh, A., Halgamuge, M. N., & Moses, B. (2019). An Analysis of Demographic and Behavior Trends Using Social Media: Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. Social Network Analytics, 87–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-815458-8.00005-0.
  • Sun, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2021). A review of theories and models applied in studies of social media addiction and implications for future research. Addictive Behaviors, 114, 106699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106699.
  • Tifferet, S., & Vilnai-Yavetz, I. (2018). Self-presentation in LinkedIn portraits: common features, gender, and occupational differences. Computers in Human Behavior, 80, 33-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.10.013.
  • Wei, R. (2021). Analysis of negative effects on social media. Journal of Sociology and Ethnology, 3(5), 179-181. http://dx.doi.org/10.23977/jsoce.2021.030532.
  • Yiping, M. A., & Guo-Ming, C. H. E. N. (2019). The Impact of Social Media Use Motives on Psychological and Sociocultural Adjustment of International Students. Intercultural Communication Studies, 28(1), 189-209.

Motives behind Social Media Use: A Theoretical Assessment

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 2, 443 - 456, 30.11.2022
https://doi.org/10.54838/bilgisosyal.1184413

Öz

Purpose – The present study aims to explore the motives behind social media (SM) use.
Methodology/Approach/Design- The prominent studies on social media use have been examined theoretically, classified in detail regarding SM types, and inferences have been made. In this context, the study is a literature review.
Findings- The most emphasized SM sites in the lit-erature are Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, TikTok, Snapchat, LinkedIn and YouTube. SM networking sites have usage differences depending on users’ age and purpose. Motives behind the SM use are mostly explained by the uses and gratification ap-proach. The most emphasized motives in SM use are social interaction, entertainment and infor-mation seeking. Finally, the effects of social mo-tives are higher than individual motives in social media use.
Originality/Value- With this study, it is expected to contribute to the field by drawing a profile on SM use and increasing the knowledge about the motives that push individuals to use SM.

Kaynakça

  • Aalbers, G., McNally, R. J., Heeren, A., De Wit, S., & Fried, E. I. (2019). Social media and depression symptoms: A network perspective. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 148(8), 1454. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000528.
  • Alhabash, S., & Ma, M. (2017). A tale of four platforms: Motivations and uses of Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat among college students? Social Media+ Society, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305117691544.
  • Anderson, M., & Jiang, J. (2018). Teens, social media & technology 2018. Pew Research Center, 31, 1673-1689.
  • Antheunis, M. L., Tates, K., & Nieboer, T. E. (2013). Patients’ and health professionals’ use of social media in health care: motives, barriers and expectations. Patient Education and Counseling, 92(3), 426-431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2013.06.020.
  • Baek, K., Holton, A., Harp, D., & Yaschur, C. (2011). The links that bind: Uncovering novel motivations for linking on Facebook. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(6), 2243–2248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2011.07.003.
  • Bahadur, K. S. (2021). A Brief Study On Negative Effects of Social Media On Youth. Bayan College International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1(02), 1-17.
  • Benavides, T. T. (2022). Social Media and Innovation: Opportunities and Challenges for Organizations. In: Machado, C., Davim, J.P. (eds) Organizational Innovation in the Digital Age. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98183-9_7.
  • Bolar, K. P. (2009). Motives behind the use of social networking sites: an empirical study. ICFAI Journal of Management Research, 8(1), 75-84.
  • Bowden-Green, T., Hinds, J., & Joinson, A. (2021). Personality and motives for social media use when physically distanced: a uses and gratifications approach. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 607948. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.607948.
  • Brailovskaia, J., Schillack, H., & Margraf, J. (2020). Tell me why are you using social media (SM)! Relationship between reasons for use of SM, SM flow, daily stress, depression, anxiety, and addictive SM use–An exploratory investigation of young adults in Germany. Computers in Human Behavior, 113, 106511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106511.
  • Brandt, J., Buckingham, K., Buntain, C., Anderson, W., Ray, S., Pool, J., & Ferrari, N. (2020). Identifying social media user demographics and topic diversity with computational social science: a case study of a major international policy forum. Journal of Computational Social Science, 3, 167–188. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42001-019-00061-9.
  • Chen, K., Luo, Y., Hu, A., Zhao, J., & Zhang, L. (2021). Characteristics of Misinformation Spreading on Social Media during the COVID-19 Outbreak in China: A Descriptive Analysis. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 14, 1869–1879. https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S312327.
  • D’Arienzo, M. C., Boursier, V., & Griffiths, M. D. (2019). Addiction to social media and attachment styles: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 17(4), 1094-1118. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-019-00082-5.
  • Fan, M., & Hemans, M. (2022). TikTok: How a Chinese Video Clip App Became a Popular and Successful Global Brand. In Casebook of Chinese Business Management, 33-45. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8074-8_4.
  • Gil de Zúñiga, H., Diehl, T., Huber, B., & Liu, J. (2017). Personality traits and social media use in 20 countries: How personality relates to frequency of social media use, social media news use, and social media use for social interaction. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 20(9), 540-552. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2017.0295.
  • Haand, R., & Shuwang, Z. (2020). The relationship between social media addiction and depression: A quantitative study among university students in Khost, Afghanistan. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 25(1), 780-786. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2020.1741407.
  • Heinonen, K. (2011). Consumer activity in social media: Managerial approaches to consumers' social media behavior. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 10(6), 356-364. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.376.
  • Heiss, R., Knoll, J. & Matthes, J. (2020). Pathways to political (dis-)engagement: motivations behind social media use and the role of incidental and intentional exposure modes in adolescents’ political engagement. Communications, 45(s1), 671-693. https://doi.org/10.1515/commun-2019-2054.
  • Huang, Y. T., & Su, S. F. (2018). Motives for Instagram use and topics of interest among young adults. Future Internet, 10(8), 77. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi10080077.
  • Hwang, H., & Kim, K. O. (2015). Social media as a tool for social movements: The effect of social media use and social capital on intention to participate in social movements. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 39(5), 478-488. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12221.
  • Khan, M. L. (2017). Social media engagement: What motivates user participation and consumption on YouTube? Computers in Human Behavior, 66, 236-247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.09.024.
  • Kim, Y., Sohn, D., & Choi, S. M. (2011). Cultural difference in motivations for using social network sites: A comparative study of American and Korean college students. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(1), 365-372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2010.08.015.
  • Luchman, J. N., Bergstrom, J., & Krulikowski, C. (2014). A motives framework of social media website use: A survey of young Americans. Computers in Human Behavior, 38, 136-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.05.016.
  • Pang, A., Yingzhi Tan, E., Song-Qi Lim, R., Yue-Ming Kwan, T., & Bhardwaj Lakhanpal, P. (2016). Building effective relations with social media influencers in Singapore. Media Asia, 43(1), 56-68. https://doi.org/10.1080/01296612.2016.1177962.
  • Park, N., Kee, K. F., & Valenzuela, S. (2009). Being immersed in social networking environment: Facebook groups, uses and gratifications, and social outcomes. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 12(6), 729-733. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2009.0003.
  • Peris, M., de la Barrera, U., Schoeps, K., & Montoya-Castilla, I. (2020). Psychological risk factors that predict social networking and internet addiction in adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 4598. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124598.
  • Ross, C., Orr, E. S., Sisic, M., Arseneault, J. M., Simmering, M. G., & Orr, R. R. (2009). Personality and motivations associated with Facebook use. Computers in Human Behavior, 25(2), 578-586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2008.12.024.
  • Samara, F., Ondieki, S., Hossain, A. M., & Mekni, M. (2021, October). Online Social Network Interactions (OSNI): A Novel Online Reputation Management Solution. In 2021 International Conference on Engineering and Emerging Technologies (ICEET), 1-6. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1109/ICEET53442.2021.9659615.
  • Scherr, S., & Wang, K. (2021). Explaining the success of social media with gratification niches: Motivations behind daytime, nighttime, and active use of TikTok in China. Computers in Human Behavior, 124, 106893. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.106893.
  • Shao, G. (2009). Understanding the appeal of user‐generated media: a uses and gratification perspective. Internet Research, 19(1), 7-25. https://doi.org/10.1108/10662240910927795.
  • Sheldon, P., & Bryant, K. (2016). Instagram: Motives for its use and relationship to narcissism and contextual age. Computers in Human Behavior, 58, 89-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.12.059.
  • Sheldon, P., & Newman, M. (2019). Instagram and american teens: understanding motives for its use and relationship to excessive reassurance-seeking and interpersonal rejection. The Journal of Social Media in Society, 8(1), 1-16.
  • Sheldon, P., Rauschnabel, P., Antony, M. G., & Car, S. (2017). A cross-cultural comparison of Croatian and American social network sites: Exploring cultural differences in motives for Instagram use. Computers in Human Behavior, 75, 643-651. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.06.009.
  • Singh, A., Halgamuge, M. N., & Moses, B. (2019). An Analysis of Demographic and Behavior Trends Using Social Media: Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. Social Network Analytics, 87–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-815458-8.00005-0.
  • Sun, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2021). A review of theories and models applied in studies of social media addiction and implications for future research. Addictive Behaviors, 114, 106699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106699.
  • Tifferet, S., & Vilnai-Yavetz, I. (2018). Self-presentation in LinkedIn portraits: common features, gender, and occupational differences. Computers in Human Behavior, 80, 33-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.10.013.
  • Wei, R. (2021). Analysis of negative effects on social media. Journal of Sociology and Ethnology, 3(5), 179-181. http://dx.doi.org/10.23977/jsoce.2021.030532.
  • Yiping, M. A., & Guo-Ming, C. H. E. N. (2019). The Impact of Social Media Use Motives on Psychological and Sociocultural Adjustment of International Students. Intercultural Communication Studies, 28(1), 189-209.
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Osman Uslu 0000-0002-0571-6281

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Kasım 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Ekim 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 24 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Uslu, O. (2022). Motives behind Social Media Use: A Theoretical Assessment. Bilgi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 24(2), 443-456. https://doi.org/10.54838/bilgisosyal.1184413

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