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ANADOLU KÜLTÜRÜNDEN DÜNYA KÜLTÜRÜNE AMBARLAR

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 2, 321 - 344, 29.12.2020

Öz

Tarımsal üretim ve hayvancılık, kırsal yaşamın temelini oluşturmaktadır. Geçmiş dönemlerde geçimlik olarak yapılan bu faaliyetlerden elde edilen ürünlerin her mevsim erişilebilir olması yaşamın devamlılığı açısından büyük önem taşımaktaydı. İlk tarım toplumlarından itibaren insanlar mevsimlik üretilen ürünleri kurutma ya da farklı şekillerde yıl içinde kullanmak üzere koruma ve depolama stratejileri geliştirmiştir. Mahsulü hem saklayacak ve hem de saklarken yağış, sıcaklık gibi iklim elemanları ile fare, yılan, böcek, vb. hayvanların olumsuz etkilerinden koruyacak bir yapı gerekliliği ortaya çıkmıştır. Dünyanın her yerinde tarım toplumunun ortak sorunu olan gıda güvenliği, ortak çözümleri beraberinde getirmiş ve benzer mimari özellikleri taşıyan ambarlar ortaya çıkmıştır. İnşa şekilleri benzer olmasına rağmen bu ambarların bazıları tamamen ahşap, bazıları tamamen taş, bazıları ise ikisinin birlikteliğiyle inşa edilmiş basit planlı mimari yapılardır. Ambarlar, gerek inşa gerekse kullanım biçimleriyle farklı dönemlerdeki kırsal üretim imkanları, teknoloji, inanç sistemleri, gelenekler, vb. birçok kültürel özelliği de yansıtmaktadır. Bu çalışmada dünyanın farklı bölgelerinde yaşayan toplumların, yiyeceklerini saklamak üzere inşa ettikleri bu ambarların benzer özellikleri (mimari, kullanım ve etnografik) açıklanmaya çalışılacaktır.

Kaynakça

  • Architectureontheroad. (2020). Explorıng Guizhou Ethnic Minorities: Datang Miao Village. https://architectureontheroad.com/exploring-guizhou-ethnic-minorities-datang-miao-village/#.Xs2n1v8zbIU
  • Atlasobscura, (2020). Espigueiros do Soajo. https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/espigueiros-do-soajo.
  • Barros, F. (2013). Construção do Território e Arquitecturana Serra da Peneda, Padrão (Sistelo) e as suas Brandas-um caso de Estudo. Município de Arcos de Valdevez: Arcos de Valdevez.
  • Becerril Crespo, J. (2018). Los Hórreos de la Península Ibérica: Distribución, Funciones y Tipos. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Cantabria Üniversitesi Felsefe ve Edebiyat Fakültesi, Cantabria.
  • Branco, J. F. (2008). Antes a Agora. Paisagens Tecnológicas. Portugal: Percursos de Interculturalidade, 1.
  • Caro Baroja, J. (1995). “Granaria Sublimia”, “Horreum Pensile”. Príncipe de Viana, 56( 206), 1003-116.
  • Casado, C. (1980). Ayer y hoy de la cultura popular leonesa. Tierras de León: Revista de la Diputación Provincial, 20(38), 135-160.
  • Caxigalinas, (2020). La cultura del Hórreo. http://caxigalinas.blogspot.com/2012/03/horreos.html
  • Diaz, R. (2018). Los Hórreos De Sajambre En Los DocumentosAntıguos. https://lacasadelabolera.blogspot.com/2018/10/los-horreos-de-sajambre-en-los.html.
  • Dipasquale, L., Kısa Ovalı, P., Mecca, S., Özel, B. (2014). “Resilience of Vernacular Architecture. M. Correia, L. Dipasquale, S. Mecca. ( Edt.). Versus: Heritage for Tomorrow: Vernacular Knowledge for Sustainable Architecture içinde (s. 23-114). Firenze: Firenze University Press.
  • Dorotheum. (2020). Batak, Indonesia, Sumatra: Thedoor of a ricegranary, withlizard in relief. https://www.dorotheum.com/en/l/2782306/
  • Echegaray, J. G., Acebo, V. F., Martínez, M. C. P. (2011). Los Hórreos en Cantabria (España): Estado de la Cuestión al Año 2010. Kobie, Antropología Cultural, 15(2011), 115-166.
  • Fernández, C. C. (2019). Documento Marco de Recomendaciones Sobre la Gestión de Bienes Patrimoniales de Carácter Etnológico: Hórreos y Paneras. Gobierno del Principado de Asturias. Consejeria de Educacion y Cultura. https://www.asturias.es/Asturias/descargas/PDF_TEMAS/Cultura/patrimonio/2020_02_11_documento_marco_de_horreos.pdf
  • Flickr. (2020). Traditional Wooden Warehouse On Stilts, Mindat, Myanmar.https://www.flickr.com/photos/mytripsmypics/16920661336/in/photostream/
  • Foropicos. (2020). Pepe Garcia. http://foropicos.net/viewtopic.php?t=22518.
  • Frankowski, E. (1918). Hórreos y palafitos de la Península Ibérica (Vol. 18). Madrid. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales.
  • García, A. B. (2005). Oscabozos. Convivencia de varias tipoloxías na parroquia de Suegos (O Vicedo-Lugo). Boletín do Museo Provincial de Lugo, (12), 183-202.
  • Giresundangelsin. (2019). https://www.giresundangelsin.com/urun/serender-kalemlik
  • Historyofarchitecture. (2020). Ifugao House. https://historyofarchitecture.weebly.com/vernacular-houses.html
  • Holt-Jensen, A. (2017). Coğrafya: Tarihi, Felsefesi ve Temel Kavramları. (Çev. Bekaroğlu, E., Anlı, Ö., Turut, H., Tüysüz, S.), İdil Yayıncılık, İstanbul.
  • Horreosdegalicia. (2019). Hórreos De Galicia.https://horreosdegalicia.com/
  • Ikapero (2020). Madagascar 06. El paiszafimaniry 3. http://www.ikapero.com/blog/index.php/2012/07/madagascar-06-el-pais-zafimaniry-3/
  • Indovisit. (2020). Alang – The Granary. https://indovisit.wordpress.com/2015/02/24/alang-the-granary/
  • Intechopen. ( 2020). Traditional Raised-Floor Granary and Rice ProductionCycle in Bali: Past, Present, and Future of Balinese Agriculture. https://www.intechopen.com/books/alternative-crops-and-cropping-systems/traditional-raised-floor-granary-and-rice-production-cycle-in-bali-past-present-and-future-of-baline
  • Karadeniz, (2020). Ambarköy Açık Hava Müzesi.http://karadeniz.gov.tr/ambarkoy-acik-hava-muzesi/#prettyPhoto
  • Karpuz, H. (2003). Serander ve Loft: Türk ve Norveç Halk Mimarisinde Eş Değerli İki Yapı. ODTÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi= Metu journal of Faculty of Architecture, 19(1-2), 71-82.
  • Kaya, M. ve Yılmaz, C. (2019). Kuzey Anadolu’da Geleneksel Mimari: Ayancık Yöresinde Taş Örtülü Evler. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları.
  • Köktürk, Ş. ve Kukul, M. H. (2002). Trabzon’un Beşikdüzü İlçesi’nde Serender’in Köy Hayatındaki Yeri ve Bir Serender Numûnesi. Erdem, 13(38), 361-372.
  • Kuriositas, (2020). The Hórreo – Singular Symbol of Spain. https://www.kuriositas.com/2011/07/horreo-singular-symbols-of-spain.html
  • List. istanbul. (2019). SeranderCafe. https://list.istanbul/tr/company-list/serander-cafe
  • López, I. M. (2014). Una Iglesia Para las Cosechas, un Granero para los Señores. El Hórreo Medieval de Estilo Villaviciosa (Asturias): Reinterpretación Etnoarqueológica y Social. Nailos: Estudios Interdisciplinares de Arqueología,, 1, 51-79.
  • Miguel, M.B. (2014a). Varieties of Maize Aerial Drying Dheds in Europe. Arhitektura, Raziskave / Architecture Research, 14(1), 33-42.
  • Miguel, M. B. (2014b). Znacilnosti Koruznjaka in Njegove Razlicice V Evropi/Varieties Of Maize Aerial Drying Sheds Across Europe. Arhitektura, Raziskave, 2014(1), 27.
  • Miguel, M. B., ve Arch, M. (2017). Social Perception of Vernacular Elevated Drying Sheds: Slovenia and Spain.7th International Conference on Architecture and Urbanism. Faculty of Architecture, ČVUT. Prague. ss. 23-26.
  • Moya Blanco, L. (1993). La Arquitectura de la lluvia. La Arquitectura Cortés y Otrosescritos. Ed. Colegio de Arquitectos de Madrid. (s. 265-283). Madrid: Colección Textos Dispersos.
  • Nespereira, F. R. (1999). Oshórreos: Tipoloxíana Ribeira Sacra. Raigame: Revista de arte, Cultura e Tradicións populares, (8), 74-83.
  • Özcan, Z. (1970). A Peculiar Type of Structure; Granaries from Iberia and Anatolia. WIT Transactions on The Built Environment, 42.
  • Özgüner, O. (1968). Köyde Mimari Doğu Karadeniz. Mimarlık Dergisi. 62, 19-27.
  • Pedrayes, J., Paredes A., Barro, S. (2018). El Lenguaje Clásico del Hórreo Asturiano. Serie Tipológica y Quintana.
  • Perez-Garcia, O. A., Carreira, X. C., Carral, E., Fernandez, M. E., Mariño, R. A. (2010). Evaluation of Traditional Grain Store Buildings (Hórreos) in Galicia (NW Spain): Analysis of Outdoor/Indoor Temperature and Humidity Relationships. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 8(4), 925-935.
  • Quirós, G. D. (2003). A Propósito de la Custodia Como Motivo Decorativo en Hórreos y Paneras de los Siglos XVIII y XIX en Asturias. In Religiosidad y Ceremonias en Torno a la Eeucaristía: Actas del Simposium. 1/4-IX-2003. Español. ss. 1013-1046.
  • Radioviajera. (2019). De Ruta Por Los Hórreos Mas Grandes De Galıcıa. https://radioviajera.com/de-ruta-por-los-horreos-mas-grandes-de-galicia/
  • Rey, F. B., Miguel, A. U., Fernández, E. P. (2016). Application of Cultural Astronomy Methods to High School By Means Of Studying Astral Decorations and Orientations of Galician Hórreos. Mediterranean Archaeology & Archaeometry, 16(4), 321-328.
  • Ribeiro, A. S. F. (2016). Património Vernacular Construído-O beiral, o espigueiro e a eira: formas, usos e contextos. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, Portekiz.
  • Rodríguez, G. G. ve Velasco, S. A. (2012). Registro de Soluciones Técnicas Tradicionales Para el Montaje de Horreos y Paneras. Sevilla: Consejería de Educación, Cultura y Deporte.
  • Rudofsky, B. (1964). Architecture Without Architects: An introductionto a Non-Pedigreed Architecture. New York. Museum of Modern Art.
  • Saá, C., Míguez, J. L., Morán, J. C., Vilán, J. A., Lago, M. L., Comesaña, R. (2012). A Study of the Influence of Solar Radiation and Humidity in a Bioclimatic Traditional Galician Agricultural Dry Storage Structure (Horreo). Energy and Buildings, 55, 109-117.
  • Sato, K. (2014). Menghuni Lumbung: Beberapa Pertimbangan Mengenai Asal-Usul Konstruksi Rumah Panggungdi Kepulauan Pasifik. Antropologi Indonesia.
  • Serander. (2019). http://www.seranderyayinevi.com/
  • Uçaner, B. (2008). Meyvelerin Türküsü. Electronic Turkish Studies, 3(5).
  • Sumai. (2020). To Dwell in The Granary. http://www.sumai.org/asia/refer/sem9102.htm
  • Vagamunds, (2020). Visitar Lindoso (Ponte da Barca): o que ver e fazernaaldeiadosespigueiros. https://www.vagamundos.pt/visitar-lindoso/
  • Victoria. (2020). Maori Store houses And Kindred Structures. http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/BesStor-fig-BesStor020a.html
  • Wikimedia. (2020a). Rukai Granary (Formosan Aboriginal Culture Village). https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rukai_Granary_(Formosan_Aboriginal_Culture_Village).JPG
  • Wikimedia. (2020b). Sami Store house. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sami_Storehouse.jpg
  • Yeşilyurt Tunç, Z. (2019). Trabzon’da Serender Yapılarının İncelenmesi ve Yeniden İşlevlendirme Önerileri. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Maltepe Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Fotoğraflar: Cevdet Yılmaz, kişisel fotoğraf arşivi.Leman ALBAYRAK, kişisel fotoğraf arşivi.

Warehouses from Anatolian culture to World culture

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 2, 321 - 344, 29.12.2020

Öz

Agricultural production and animal husbandry comprise the basis of rural life. In the past, accessing the products in every season that were produced from these activities, which were performed as subsistence, was crucial for the continuity of life. Since the first agricultural societies, the people developed different strategies to dry or to protect and store seasonal products to use for different purposes in a year. Then, the necessity of a structure that would store and protect the product from climate elements such as rain and heat and the negative influence of animals such as rats, bug, and snakes occurred. The main purpose of this study is to explain the warehouses built by the societies living in different parts of the world to store their food and the similar features (architecture, usage and ethnographic) of these warehouses. The part of data which contains samples in Turkey has been obtained from land studies in the Black Sea Region (Sinop, Samsun, Trabzon, Rize and Artvin) and the publications and the World samples have been obtained from the related websites and the related international publications. In different regions of the world, it has been found that structures with similar architectural features have emerged, although the construction types and building materials are different (sometimes wooden, sometimes stone, and sometimes both). As a result, people have developed common solutions, unaware of each other, to solve the food safety problem they encounter in times of difficult transportation and communication.

Kaynakça

  • Architectureontheroad. (2020). Explorıng Guizhou Ethnic Minorities: Datang Miao Village. https://architectureontheroad.com/exploring-guizhou-ethnic-minorities-datang-miao-village/#.Xs2n1v8zbIU
  • Atlasobscura, (2020). Espigueiros do Soajo. https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/espigueiros-do-soajo.
  • Barros, F. (2013). Construção do Território e Arquitecturana Serra da Peneda, Padrão (Sistelo) e as suas Brandas-um caso de Estudo. Município de Arcos de Valdevez: Arcos de Valdevez.
  • Becerril Crespo, J. (2018). Los Hórreos de la Península Ibérica: Distribución, Funciones y Tipos. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Cantabria Üniversitesi Felsefe ve Edebiyat Fakültesi, Cantabria.
  • Branco, J. F. (2008). Antes a Agora. Paisagens Tecnológicas. Portugal: Percursos de Interculturalidade, 1.
  • Caro Baroja, J. (1995). “Granaria Sublimia”, “Horreum Pensile”. Príncipe de Viana, 56( 206), 1003-116.
  • Casado, C. (1980). Ayer y hoy de la cultura popular leonesa. Tierras de León: Revista de la Diputación Provincial, 20(38), 135-160.
  • Caxigalinas, (2020). La cultura del Hórreo. http://caxigalinas.blogspot.com/2012/03/horreos.html
  • Diaz, R. (2018). Los Hórreos De Sajambre En Los DocumentosAntıguos. https://lacasadelabolera.blogspot.com/2018/10/los-horreos-de-sajambre-en-los.html.
  • Dipasquale, L., Kısa Ovalı, P., Mecca, S., Özel, B. (2014). “Resilience of Vernacular Architecture. M. Correia, L. Dipasquale, S. Mecca. ( Edt.). Versus: Heritage for Tomorrow: Vernacular Knowledge for Sustainable Architecture içinde (s. 23-114). Firenze: Firenze University Press.
  • Dorotheum. (2020). Batak, Indonesia, Sumatra: Thedoor of a ricegranary, withlizard in relief. https://www.dorotheum.com/en/l/2782306/
  • Echegaray, J. G., Acebo, V. F., Martínez, M. C. P. (2011). Los Hórreos en Cantabria (España): Estado de la Cuestión al Año 2010. Kobie, Antropología Cultural, 15(2011), 115-166.
  • Fernández, C. C. (2019). Documento Marco de Recomendaciones Sobre la Gestión de Bienes Patrimoniales de Carácter Etnológico: Hórreos y Paneras. Gobierno del Principado de Asturias. Consejeria de Educacion y Cultura. https://www.asturias.es/Asturias/descargas/PDF_TEMAS/Cultura/patrimonio/2020_02_11_documento_marco_de_horreos.pdf
  • Flickr. (2020). Traditional Wooden Warehouse On Stilts, Mindat, Myanmar.https://www.flickr.com/photos/mytripsmypics/16920661336/in/photostream/
  • Foropicos. (2020). Pepe Garcia. http://foropicos.net/viewtopic.php?t=22518.
  • Frankowski, E. (1918). Hórreos y palafitos de la Península Ibérica (Vol. 18). Madrid. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales.
  • García, A. B. (2005). Oscabozos. Convivencia de varias tipoloxías na parroquia de Suegos (O Vicedo-Lugo). Boletín do Museo Provincial de Lugo, (12), 183-202.
  • Giresundangelsin. (2019). https://www.giresundangelsin.com/urun/serender-kalemlik
  • Historyofarchitecture. (2020). Ifugao House. https://historyofarchitecture.weebly.com/vernacular-houses.html
  • Holt-Jensen, A. (2017). Coğrafya: Tarihi, Felsefesi ve Temel Kavramları. (Çev. Bekaroğlu, E., Anlı, Ö., Turut, H., Tüysüz, S.), İdil Yayıncılık, İstanbul.
  • Horreosdegalicia. (2019). Hórreos De Galicia.https://horreosdegalicia.com/
  • Ikapero (2020). Madagascar 06. El paiszafimaniry 3. http://www.ikapero.com/blog/index.php/2012/07/madagascar-06-el-pais-zafimaniry-3/
  • Indovisit. (2020). Alang – The Granary. https://indovisit.wordpress.com/2015/02/24/alang-the-granary/
  • Intechopen. ( 2020). Traditional Raised-Floor Granary and Rice ProductionCycle in Bali: Past, Present, and Future of Balinese Agriculture. https://www.intechopen.com/books/alternative-crops-and-cropping-systems/traditional-raised-floor-granary-and-rice-production-cycle-in-bali-past-present-and-future-of-baline
  • Karadeniz, (2020). Ambarköy Açık Hava Müzesi.http://karadeniz.gov.tr/ambarkoy-acik-hava-muzesi/#prettyPhoto
  • Karpuz, H. (2003). Serander ve Loft: Türk ve Norveç Halk Mimarisinde Eş Değerli İki Yapı. ODTÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi= Metu journal of Faculty of Architecture, 19(1-2), 71-82.
  • Kaya, M. ve Yılmaz, C. (2019). Kuzey Anadolu’da Geleneksel Mimari: Ayancık Yöresinde Taş Örtülü Evler. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları.
  • Köktürk, Ş. ve Kukul, M. H. (2002). Trabzon’un Beşikdüzü İlçesi’nde Serender’in Köy Hayatındaki Yeri ve Bir Serender Numûnesi. Erdem, 13(38), 361-372.
  • Kuriositas, (2020). The Hórreo – Singular Symbol of Spain. https://www.kuriositas.com/2011/07/horreo-singular-symbols-of-spain.html
  • List. istanbul. (2019). SeranderCafe. https://list.istanbul/tr/company-list/serander-cafe
  • López, I. M. (2014). Una Iglesia Para las Cosechas, un Granero para los Señores. El Hórreo Medieval de Estilo Villaviciosa (Asturias): Reinterpretación Etnoarqueológica y Social. Nailos: Estudios Interdisciplinares de Arqueología,, 1, 51-79.
  • Miguel, M.B. (2014a). Varieties of Maize Aerial Drying Dheds in Europe. Arhitektura, Raziskave / Architecture Research, 14(1), 33-42.
  • Miguel, M. B. (2014b). Znacilnosti Koruznjaka in Njegove Razlicice V Evropi/Varieties Of Maize Aerial Drying Sheds Across Europe. Arhitektura, Raziskave, 2014(1), 27.
  • Miguel, M. B., ve Arch, M. (2017). Social Perception of Vernacular Elevated Drying Sheds: Slovenia and Spain.7th International Conference on Architecture and Urbanism. Faculty of Architecture, ČVUT. Prague. ss. 23-26.
  • Moya Blanco, L. (1993). La Arquitectura de la lluvia. La Arquitectura Cortés y Otrosescritos. Ed. Colegio de Arquitectos de Madrid. (s. 265-283). Madrid: Colección Textos Dispersos.
  • Nespereira, F. R. (1999). Oshórreos: Tipoloxíana Ribeira Sacra. Raigame: Revista de arte, Cultura e Tradicións populares, (8), 74-83.
  • Özcan, Z. (1970). A Peculiar Type of Structure; Granaries from Iberia and Anatolia. WIT Transactions on The Built Environment, 42.
  • Özgüner, O. (1968). Köyde Mimari Doğu Karadeniz. Mimarlık Dergisi. 62, 19-27.
  • Pedrayes, J., Paredes A., Barro, S. (2018). El Lenguaje Clásico del Hórreo Asturiano. Serie Tipológica y Quintana.
  • Perez-Garcia, O. A., Carreira, X. C., Carral, E., Fernandez, M. E., Mariño, R. A. (2010). Evaluation of Traditional Grain Store Buildings (Hórreos) in Galicia (NW Spain): Analysis of Outdoor/Indoor Temperature and Humidity Relationships. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 8(4), 925-935.
  • Quirós, G. D. (2003). A Propósito de la Custodia Como Motivo Decorativo en Hórreos y Paneras de los Siglos XVIII y XIX en Asturias. In Religiosidad y Ceremonias en Torno a la Eeucaristía: Actas del Simposium. 1/4-IX-2003. Español. ss. 1013-1046.
  • Radioviajera. (2019). De Ruta Por Los Hórreos Mas Grandes De Galıcıa. https://radioviajera.com/de-ruta-por-los-horreos-mas-grandes-de-galicia/
  • Rey, F. B., Miguel, A. U., Fernández, E. P. (2016). Application of Cultural Astronomy Methods to High School By Means Of Studying Astral Decorations and Orientations of Galician Hórreos. Mediterranean Archaeology & Archaeometry, 16(4), 321-328.
  • Ribeiro, A. S. F. (2016). Património Vernacular Construído-O beiral, o espigueiro e a eira: formas, usos e contextos. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, Portekiz.
  • Rodríguez, G. G. ve Velasco, S. A. (2012). Registro de Soluciones Técnicas Tradicionales Para el Montaje de Horreos y Paneras. Sevilla: Consejería de Educación, Cultura y Deporte.
  • Rudofsky, B. (1964). Architecture Without Architects: An introductionto a Non-Pedigreed Architecture. New York. Museum of Modern Art.
  • Saá, C., Míguez, J. L., Morán, J. C., Vilán, J. A., Lago, M. L., Comesaña, R. (2012). A Study of the Influence of Solar Radiation and Humidity in a Bioclimatic Traditional Galician Agricultural Dry Storage Structure (Horreo). Energy and Buildings, 55, 109-117.
  • Sato, K. (2014). Menghuni Lumbung: Beberapa Pertimbangan Mengenai Asal-Usul Konstruksi Rumah Panggungdi Kepulauan Pasifik. Antropologi Indonesia.
  • Serander. (2019). http://www.seranderyayinevi.com/
  • Uçaner, B. (2008). Meyvelerin Türküsü. Electronic Turkish Studies, 3(5).
  • Sumai. (2020). To Dwell in The Granary. http://www.sumai.org/asia/refer/sem9102.htm
  • Vagamunds, (2020). Visitar Lindoso (Ponte da Barca): o que ver e fazernaaldeiadosespigueiros. https://www.vagamundos.pt/visitar-lindoso/
  • Victoria. (2020). Maori Store houses And Kindred Structures. http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/BesStor-fig-BesStor020a.html
  • Wikimedia. (2020a). Rukai Granary (Formosan Aboriginal Culture Village). https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rukai_Granary_(Formosan_Aboriginal_Culture_Village).JPG
  • Wikimedia. (2020b). Sami Store house. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sami_Storehouse.jpg
  • Yeşilyurt Tunç, Z. (2019). Trabzon’da Serender Yapılarının İncelenmesi ve Yeniden İşlevlendirme Önerileri. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Maltepe Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Fotoğraflar: Cevdet Yılmaz, kişisel fotoğraf arşivi.Leman ALBAYRAK, kişisel fotoğraf arşivi.
Toplam 57 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Beşeri Coğrafya
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Mutlu Kaya 0000-0001-9165-0110

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Aralık 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 21 Ağustos 2020
Kabul Tarihi 15 Ekim 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 29 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Kaya, M. (2020). ANADOLU KÜLTÜRÜNDEN DÜNYA KÜLTÜRÜNE AMBARLAR. Ege Coğrafya Dergisi, 29(2), 321-344.