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GENETİK YAPININ SPORTİF PERFORMANSA ETKİSİ

Yıl 2018, , 424 - 437, 30.10.2018
https://doi.org/10.33723/rs.470847

Öz

Seçkin
spor kodlarının, gelecekteki sporcuların uzmanlık yeteneklerine göre
tanımlanması ve tanıtılması, bireysel koç değerlendirmelerine ek olarak, nesnel
fiziksel, teknik ve taktiksel özelliklere de büyük ölçüde bağlıdır. Yakın
zamanlarda, birkaç tek nükleotid polimorfizmi (SNP) içeren genetik belirteçler
arttırılarak aerobik kapasite, güç ve atletik kabiliyette genel bir artış ile
ilişkilendirilmiştir.



Bu çalışmada, bir
dizi aday genin atletik performans, tek yetenekli ve çok yönlü spor kodları
üzerindeki etkilerini tartışmak ve motor beceri edinimi ve öğrenmesinin
tanımlanması için ek belirteçler belirtilmiştir. Bazı tutarsızlıklar
sergilendiğinde, hem ACE hem de ACTN3 polimorfizmleri, güç ve dayanıklılık spor
takımlarında daha yaygın görünmekle birlikte fiziksel değerlendirmelerle de
ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Dolayısıyla aday ile yapılan protokoller, genç
yetenekler için hedeflenen kaynakların kullanımını önemli ölçüde artırabilir ve
sonuç olarak etkinleştirilebilir.

Kaynakça

  • KAYNAKÇA
  • Alfred, T.; Ben-Shlomo, Y.; Cooper, R.; Hardy, R.; Cooper, C.; Deary, I.J.; Gunnell, D.; Harris, S.E.; Kumari, M.; Martin, R.M.; et al. Actn3 genotype, athletic status, and life course physical capability: Meta-analysis of the published literature and findings from nine studies. Hum. Mutat. 2011, 32, 1008–1018.
  • Alvarez, R.; Terrados, N.; Ortolano, R.; Iglesias-Cubero, G.; Reguero, J.R.; Batalla, A.; Cortina, A.;Fernandez-Garcia, B.; Rodriguez, C.; Braga, S.; et al. Genetic variation in the renin-angiotensin system and athletic performance. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 2000, 82, 117–120.
  • Amir, O.; Amir, R.; Yamin, C.; Attias, E.; Eynon, N.; Sagiv, M.; Sagiv, M.; Meckel, Y. The ace deletion allele is associated with israeli elite endurance athletes. Exp. Physiol. 2007, 92, 881–886.
  • Baguet, A.; Everaert, I.; Achten, E.; Thomis, M.; Derave, W. The influence of sex, age and heritability on human skeletal muscle carnosine content. Amino Acids 2012, 43, 13–20.
  • Baguet, A.; Everaert, I.; Hespel, P.; Petrovic, M.; Achten, E.; Derave, W. A new method for non-invasive estimation of human muscle fiber type composition. PLoS ONE 2011, 6, e21956.
  • Bangsbo, J.; Iaia, F.M.; Krustrup, P. The yo-yo intermittent recovery test: A useful tool for evaluation of physical performance in intermittent sports. Sports Med. 2008, 38, 37–51.
  • Baker-Herman, T.L.; Fuller, D.D.; Bavis, R.W.; Zabka, A.G.; Golder, F.J.; Doperalski, N.J.; Johnson, R.A.; Watters, J.J.; Mitchell, G.S. Bdnf is necessary and sufficient for spinal respiratory plasticity following intermittent hypoxia. Nat. Neurosci. 2004, 7, 48–55.
  • Barres, R., Yan, J., Egan, B., et al. (2012). Acute exercise remodels promoter methylation in human skeletal muscle. Cell Metabolism, 15:405–11.
  • Bayraktar, B., Kurtoğlu M. (2009).Sporda Performans, Etkili Faktörler, Değerlendirilmesi ve Artırılması. Klinik Gelişim, 22(1): 16-24.
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THE EFFECT OF GENETIC STRUCTURES' ON SPORTS PERFORMANCE

Yıl 2018, , 424 - 437, 30.10.2018
https://doi.org/10.33723/rs.470847

Öz

In
elite sporting codes, the identification and promotion of future athletes into
specialised talent pathways is heavily reliant upon objective physical,
technical, and tactical characteristics, in addition to subjective coach
assessments. More recently, genetic markers, including several single
nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), have been correlated with enhanced aerobic
capacity, strength, and an overall increase in athletic ability.



In this review, we
discuss the effects of a number of candidate genes on athletic performance,
across single-skilled and multifaceted sporting codes, and propose additional
markers for the identification of motor skill acquisition and learning. While
displaying some inconsistencies, both the ACE and ACTN3 polymorphisms appear to
be more prevalent in strength and endurance sporting teams, and have been found
to correlate to physical assessments. However, in elucidating the role of
genetic markers in athleticism, existing talent identification protocols may
significantly improve and ultimately enabletargeted resourcing in junior talent
pathways.

Kaynakça

  • KAYNAKÇA
  • Alfred, T.; Ben-Shlomo, Y.; Cooper, R.; Hardy, R.; Cooper, C.; Deary, I.J.; Gunnell, D.; Harris, S.E.; Kumari, M.; Martin, R.M.; et al. Actn3 genotype, athletic status, and life course physical capability: Meta-analysis of the published literature and findings from nine studies. Hum. Mutat. 2011, 32, 1008–1018.
  • Alvarez, R.; Terrados, N.; Ortolano, R.; Iglesias-Cubero, G.; Reguero, J.R.; Batalla, A.; Cortina, A.;Fernandez-Garcia, B.; Rodriguez, C.; Braga, S.; et al. Genetic variation in the renin-angiotensin system and athletic performance. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 2000, 82, 117–120.
  • Amir, O.; Amir, R.; Yamin, C.; Attias, E.; Eynon, N.; Sagiv, M.; Sagiv, M.; Meckel, Y. The ace deletion allele is associated with israeli elite endurance athletes. Exp. Physiol. 2007, 92, 881–886.
  • Baguet, A.; Everaert, I.; Achten, E.; Thomis, M.; Derave, W. The influence of sex, age and heritability on human skeletal muscle carnosine content. Amino Acids 2012, 43, 13–20.
  • Baguet, A.; Everaert, I.; Hespel, P.; Petrovic, M.; Achten, E.; Derave, W. A new method for non-invasive estimation of human muscle fiber type composition. PLoS ONE 2011, 6, e21956.
  • Bangsbo, J.; Iaia, F.M.; Krustrup, P. The yo-yo intermittent recovery test: A useful tool for evaluation of physical performance in intermittent sports. Sports Med. 2008, 38, 37–51.
  • Baker-Herman, T.L.; Fuller, D.D.; Bavis, R.W.; Zabka, A.G.; Golder, F.J.; Doperalski, N.J.; Johnson, R.A.; Watters, J.J.; Mitchell, G.S. Bdnf is necessary and sufficient for spinal respiratory plasticity following intermittent hypoxia. Nat. Neurosci. 2004, 7, 48–55.
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Toplam 89 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Dinçer Karaca 0000-0003-1015-169X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Ekim 2018
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Ekim 2018
Kabul Tarihi 27 Ekim 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018

Kaynak Göster

APA Karaca, D. (2018). GENETİK YAPININ SPORTİF PERFORMANSA ETKİSİ. R&S - Research Studies Anatolia Journal, 1(3), 424-437. https://doi.org/10.33723/rs.470847
R&S - Research Studies Anatolia Journal 

https://dergipark.org.tr/rs