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Sondan Bir Önceki Buzul Dönemi’nde İklim Kontrolünde Meydana Gelen Bir Yüksek Deniz Seviyesinin Kanıtları

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 55 Sayı: 3, 159 - 188, 01.08.2012

Öz

Bu çalışmada, küresel buzul hacimlerinin bir fonksiyonu olarak incelenen deniz seviyesi değişimlerinin mercan resifi kayıtları, bir dizi iklimsel kararsızlıkla karakterize olan Sondan Bir Önceki Buzul Dönemi sırasında, günümüzden ~177-168 bin yıl önce, deniz seviyesinin -40/-50 metrelere yükselerek buzul dönemi içerisinde bir yüksek seviye meydana getirdiğini göstermektedir. Söz konusu zaman aralığında, iklim sisteminin diğer dolaylı kayıtları (derin deniz sedimanlarının δ18O kayıtları, mağara sedimanları,polen analizleri, buzul karotlarından elde edilen CO2, CH4, δD, toz kayıtları) tropikal bölgede muson aktivitesinin arttığını, Akdeniz havzasında derin su tabakası oluşumunun durarak sapropel tabakasının meydana geldiğini, orta kuşakta nemli koşulların yaşandığını, orman alanlarının arttığını ve kutup bölgelerindeki buzul hacimlerinde ise kısmi azalmaların yaşandığını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu dönemde gerçekleşen olayların sıralaması, kaydedilen ortam değişimlerinin günümüzden ~173 bin yıl önce zirve yapan 65°K insolasyonunun kontrolünde meydana geldiğine işaret etmektedir. Bu durum, Kuvaterner’deki buzul-buzularası dönemlerdeki iklim ve deniz seviyesi değişimlerinin hakim yönetici kuvveti olan yörünge parametrelerinin günümüzden ~177-168 bin yıl önceki iklimsel kararsızlık dönemini de kontrol ettiğini göstermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Andersen., M.B., Stirling, C. H., Porcelli, D., Halliday, A. H., Andersson, P. S., Baskaran, M., 2007. The tracing of riverine U in Arctic seawater with very precise 234U/238U measurements. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 259, 171-185.
  • Ayalon, A., Bar-Matthews, M., Kaufman, A., 2002. Climatic conditions during the marine oxygen isotope stage 6 in the eastern Mediterranean region from the isotopic composition of speleothems of Soreq Cave, Israel. Geology, 30, 303-306.
  • Bar-Matthews, M., Ayalon, A., and Kaufman, A., 1997. Late Quaternary paleoclimate in the Eastern Mediterranean region from stable isotope analysis of speleothems at Soreq Cave, Israel. Quaternary Research, 47, 155–168.
  • Bard, E., Hamelin, B., Fairbanks, R. G., 1990. U-Th ages obtained by mass spectrometry in corals from Barbados: sea level during the past 130,000 years. Nature, 346, 456-458.
  • Bard, E., Fairbanks, R. G., Hamelin, B., Zindler, A., Hoang, C.,T., 1991. Uranium-234 anomalies in corals older than 150.000 years. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 55,
  • Bard, E., Delaygue, G., Rostek, F., Antonioli, F., Silenzi, S., Schrag, D.P., 2002. Hydrological conditions over the western Mediterranean basin during the deposition of the cold sapropel 6 (ca. 175 kyr BP). Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 202, 481-494.
  • Bekaroğlu, E., 2008. Doğu Akdeniz’de Geç Holosen’de yükselmis kiyi çizgileri üzerine bir değerlendirme. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 6, 1-21.
  • Bekaroğlu, E., 2011. Son Interglasyal’deki deniz seviyesi değişimleri, Sage, Ankara.
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  • Bond, G., Broecker, W., Johnsen S., McManus, J., Labeyrie, L., Jouzel, J., Bonani, G., 1993. Correlations between climate records from North Atlantic sediments and Greenland ice. Nature, 365, 143-147.
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  • Broecker, W.S., 2003. Does the trigger for abrupt climate change reside in the ocean or in the atmosphere? Science, 300, 1519-1522.
  • Broecker, W. S., Thurber, D. L., Goddard, J., Ku, T. L., Matthews, R. K., Mesolella, K .J., 1968. Milankovitch hypothesis supported by precise dating of coral reefs and deep sea sediments. Science, 159, 297-300.
  • Broecker, W.S., Denton, G.H., 1989. The role of ocean-atmosphere reorganisations in glacial cycles. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 53, 2465-2501.
  • Chappell, J., 1974. Geology of coral terraces, Huon Peninsula, New Guinea: a study of Quaternary tectonic movements and sea-level changes. Geological Society of America
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  • Chen, J. H., Curran, H. A., White, B., Wasserburg, G. J., 1991. Precise chronology of the Last Interglacial period: Th data from fossil coral reefs in the Bahamas. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 103, 82-97.
  • Cross, T.S., Cross, B.W., 1983. U, Sr and Mg in Holocene and Pleistocene corals A. Palmata and M. annularis. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 53, 587-594.
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  • Dutton, A., Bard, E., Antonioli, F., Esat, T.M., Lambeck, K., 2009. Phasing and amplitude of sea-level and climate change during the penultimate interglacial. Nature Geoscience, 2, 355-359.
  • Edwards, L.R., Chen, J.H., Wasserburg, G.J., 1987a. 238U–234U–230Th–232Th systematics and the precise measurement of time over the past 500 000 years. Earth and Planetary
  • Edwards, R. L., Chen, J. H., Ku, T. L., Wasserburg, G. J., 1987b. Precise timing of the Last Interglacial period from mass spectrometric determination of thorium-230 in corals. Science, 236, 1547-1553.
  • Edwards, R.L., Gallup, C.D., Cheng, H., 2003. Uranium-series dating of marine and lacustrine carbonates. In Uranium series Geochemistry (Eds.B. Bourdon, G.M. Henderson, C.C. Lundstrom, S.P Turner) Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC.
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  • Esat, T.M., Yokoyama, Y., 2006b. Growth patterns of the last ice age coral terraces at Huon Peninsula. Global and Planetary Change, 54, 216-224.
  • Esat, T.M., Yokoyama, Y., 2010. Coupled uranium isotope and sea-level variations in the oceans. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 74, 7008-7020.
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  • Hamelin, B., Bard, E., Zindler, A., Fairbanks, R.G., 1991. 234U/238U mass spectrometry of corals: how accurate is the U–Th age of the last interglacial period? Earth and Planetary
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  • Henderson, G.M., Cohen, A.S., O’Nions, R.K., 1993. 234U/238U ratios and Th ages for Hateruma Atoll corals: implications for coral diagenesis and seawater 230U/234 ratios. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 115, 65–73.
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Yıl 2012, Cilt: 55 Sayı: 3, 159 - 188, 01.08.2012

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Andersen., M.B., Stirling, C. H., Porcelli, D., Halliday, A. H., Andersson, P. S., Baskaran, M., 2007. The tracing of riverine U in Arctic seawater with very precise 234U/238U measurements. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 259, 171-185.
  • Ayalon, A., Bar-Matthews, M., Kaufman, A., 2002. Climatic conditions during the marine oxygen isotope stage 6 in the eastern Mediterranean region from the isotopic composition of speleothems of Soreq Cave, Israel. Geology, 30, 303-306.
  • Bar-Matthews, M., Ayalon, A., and Kaufman, A., 1997. Late Quaternary paleoclimate in the Eastern Mediterranean region from stable isotope analysis of speleothems at Soreq Cave, Israel. Quaternary Research, 47, 155–168.
  • Bard, E., Hamelin, B., Fairbanks, R. G., 1990. U-Th ages obtained by mass spectrometry in corals from Barbados: sea level during the past 130,000 years. Nature, 346, 456-458.
  • Bard, E., Fairbanks, R. G., Hamelin, B., Zindler, A., Hoang, C.,T., 1991. Uranium-234 anomalies in corals older than 150.000 years. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 55,
  • Bard, E., Delaygue, G., Rostek, F., Antonioli, F., Silenzi, S., Schrag, D.P., 2002. Hydrological conditions over the western Mediterranean basin during the deposition of the cold sapropel 6 (ca. 175 kyr BP). Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 202, 481-494.
  • Bekaroğlu, E., 2008. Doğu Akdeniz’de Geç Holosen’de yükselmis kiyi çizgileri üzerine bir değerlendirme. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 6, 1-21.
  • Bekaroğlu, E., 2011. Son Interglasyal’deki deniz seviyesi değişimleri, Sage, Ankara.
  • Berger, A., 1988. Milankovitch theory and climate. Reviews of Geophysics, 26, 624-657.
  • Berger, A., Loutre, M.F., 1991. Insolation values for the climate of the last 10 million years. Quaternary Science Reviews, 10, 297-317.
  • Bond, G., Broecker, W., Johnsen S., McManus, J., Labeyrie, L., Jouzel, J., Bonani, G., 1993. Correlations between climate records from North Atlantic sediments and Greenland ice. Nature, 365, 143-147.
  • Bourdon, B., Turner, S., Henderson, G.M., Lundstrom, C.C., 2003. Introduction to U-series Geochemistry. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, 52, 1-21. Broecker, W.S., 1994. Massive iceberg discharges as triggers for global climate change. Nature, 372, 421-424.
  • Broecker, W.S., 2003. Does the trigger for abrupt climate change reside in the ocean or in the atmosphere? Science, 300, 1519-1522.
  • Broecker, W. S., Thurber, D. L., Goddard, J., Ku, T. L., Matthews, R. K., Mesolella, K .J., 1968. Milankovitch hypothesis supported by precise dating of coral reefs and deep sea sediments. Science, 159, 297-300.
  • Broecker, W.S., Denton, G.H., 1989. The role of ocean-atmosphere reorganisations in glacial cycles. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 53, 2465-2501.
  • Chappell, J., 1974. Geology of coral terraces, Huon Peninsula, New Guinea: a study of Quaternary tectonic movements and sea-level changes. Geological Society of America
  • Chen, J.H., Edwards, R.L., Wasserburg, G.J., 1986. 238U, 234U and 232Th in seawater. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 80, 241–251.
  • Chen, J. H., Curran, H. A., White, B., Wasserburg, G. J., 1991. Precise chronology of the Last Interglacial period: Th data from fossil coral reefs in the Bahamas. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 103, 82-97.
  • Cross, T.S., Cross, B.W., 1983. U, Sr and Mg in Holocene and Pleistocene corals A. Palmata and M. annularis. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 53, 587-594.
  • Dansgaard, W., Johnsen, S.J., Clausen, H.B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Gundestrup, N.S., Hammer, C.U., Hvidbergi, C.S., Steffensen, J.P., Sveinbjörnsdottir, A.E., Jouzel, J., Bond, G. 1993. Evidence for general instability of past climate form a 250-kyr ice-core record. Nature, 364, 218-220.
  • Delanghe, D., Bard, E., Hamelin, B., 2002. New TIMS constraints on the uranium-238 and uranium-234 in seawaters from the main ocean basins and the Mediterranean Sea. Marine
  • Dodge, R. E., Fairbanks, R. G., Benninger, L. K., Maurrasse, F., 1983. Pleistocene sea levels from raised coral reefs of Haiti. Science, 219, 1423-1425.
  • Douville, E., Sallé, E., Frank, N., Eisele, M., Pons-Branchu, E., Ayrault, S., 2010. Rapid and accurate U–Th dating of ancient carbonates using inductively coupled plasmaquadrupole mass spectrometry. Chemical Geology, 272, 1-11.
  • Dutton, A., Bard, E., Antonioli, F., Esat, T.M., Lambeck, K., 2009. Phasing and amplitude of sea-level and climate change during the penultimate interglacial. Nature Geoscience, 2, 355-359.
  • Edwards, L.R., Chen, J.H., Wasserburg, G.J., 1987a. 238U–234U–230Th–232Th systematics and the precise measurement of time over the past 500 000 years. Earth and Planetary
  • Edwards, R. L., Chen, J. H., Ku, T. L., Wasserburg, G. J., 1987b. Precise timing of the Last Interglacial period from mass spectrometric determination of thorium-230 in corals. Science, 236, 1547-1553.
  • Edwards, R.L., Gallup, C.D., Cheng, H., 2003. Uranium-series dating of marine and lacustrine carbonates. In Uranium series Geochemistry (Eds.B. Bourdon, G.M. Henderson, C.C. Lundstrom, S.P Turner) Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC.
  • Esat, T., 1995. Charge collection thermal ion mass spectrometry of thorium. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Ion Processes, 148, 159–170.
  • Esat, T.M., Yokoyama, Y., 2006a. Variability in the uranium isotopic composition of the ocean over glacial-interglacial timescales. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 70, 41404150.
  • Esat, T.M., Yokoyama, Y., 2006b. Growth patterns of the last ice age coral terraces at Huon Peninsula. Global and Planetary Change, 54, 216-224.
  • Esat, T.M., Yokoyama, Y., 2010. Coupled uranium isotope and sea-level variations in the oceans. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 74, 7008-7020.
  • Fairbanks, R. G., 1989. A 17,000-year glacio-eustatic sea level record: influence of glacial melting rates on the Younger Dryas event and deep-ocean circulation. Nature, 342, 637-642.
  • Gallup, C. D., Edwards, R. L., Johnson, R. G., 1994. The timing of high sea levels over the past 200,000 years. Science, 263, 796-800.
  • Gallup, C. D., Cheng, H., Taylor, F. W., Edwards, R. L., 2002. Direct determination of the timing of sea during termination II. Science, 295, 310-313.
  • Hamelin, B., Bard, E., Zindler, A., Fairbanks, R.G., 1991. 234U/238U mass spectrometry of corals: how accurate is the U–Th age of the last interglacial period? Earth and Planetary
  • Hays, J.D., Imbrie, J., Shackleton, N. J., 1976. Variation in the Earth’s orbit: pacemaker of the ice ages. Science, 194, 1121-1132. 234
  • Heinrich, H., 1988. Origin and consequences of cyclic ice rafting in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean during the past 130,000 years. Quaternary Research, 29, 142-152.
  • Henderson, G. M., 2002. Seawater 234U/238U during the last 800 thousand years. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 199, 97-110.
  • Henderson, G.M., Cohen, A.S., O’Nions, R.K., 1993. 234U/238U ratios and Th ages for Hateruma Atoll corals: implications for coral diagenesis and seawater 230U/234 ratios. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 115, 65–73.
  • Humphrey, J.D., 1997. Geology and hydrogeology of Barbados. Geology and Hydrogeology of Carbanate Islands. Developments in Sedimentology 54. Ed: Vacher, H.L., Quinn, T. 381- 406.
  • Imbrie, J., Hays, J.D., Martinson, D.G., McIntyre, A., Mix, A.C., Morley, J.J., Pisias, N.G., Prell, W.L., Shackleton, N.J., 1984. The orbital theory of Pleistocene climate: support from a revised chronology of the marine d18O record. In: Berger, A., Imbrie, J., Hays, J., Kukla, G., Saltzman, B. (Eds.), Milankovitch and Climate. InD. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht
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  • Kaufman, A., Broecker, W.S., 1965. Comparation of Th-230 and C-14 ages for carbonate materials from lakes Labontan and Bonnevill. Journal of Geophysical Research, 70, 4039-4054.
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  • Ku, T. L., Knauss, K. G., Mathieu, G. G., 1977. Uranium in open ocean: concentration and isotopic composition. Deep-Sea Research, 24, 1005-1017.
  • Lambeck, K., Chappell, J., 2001. Sea-level change through the Last Glacial Cycle. Science, 292, 679-686.
  • Lambeck, K., Esat, T. M., Potter, E. K., 2002. Link between climate and sea levels for the past three million years. Nature, 419, 199-206.
  • Lisiecki, L.E., Raymo, M.E., 2005. A Pliocene-Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic δ18O records. Paleoceanography, 20, DOI:10.1029/2004PA001071.
  • Malaize, B., Joly, C., Venec-Peyre, M.T., Bassinot, F., Caillon, N., Charlier, K., 2006. Phase lag between Intertropical Convergence Zone migration and subtropical monsoon onset over the northwestern Indian Ocean during marine isotopic substage 6.5 (MIS 6.5), Geochem. Geophys.
  • Geosyst., 7, Q12N08, doi:10.1029/2006GC001353.
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  • McManus, J.F., Oppo, D.W., Cullen, J.L., 1999. A 0.5-Million-year record of millenial-scale climate variability in the north Atlantic. Science, 283, 971-975.
  • Mesolella, K.J., 1967. Zonation of uplifted Pleistocene coral reef in Barbados, West Indies. Science, 156, 638-640.
  • Mesolella, K .J., Matthews, R. K., Broecker, W. S., Thurber, D. L., 1969. The astronomical theory of climatic changes: Barbados data. Journal of Geology, 77, 250-274.
  • Mesolella, K.J., Sealy, H.A., Matthews, R.K., 1970. Facies geometries within Pleistocene reefs of Barbados, West Indies. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 54, 1899-1917.
  • Milanković, M., 1998. Canon of insolation and the ice-age problem. Zavod za udzbenike i nastavna sredstva, Beograd. 619 pp.
  • Molodkov, A., Bolikhovskaya, N. 2009. Climate change dynamics in Northern Eurasia over the last 200 ka: Evidence from mollusc-based ESR-chronostratigraphy and vegetation successions of the loess–palaeosol records. Quaternary International, 201, 67–76.
  • NGRIP members., 2004. High-resolution record of Northern Hemisphere climate extending into the last interglacial period. Nature, 431, 147-151.
  • Pachur, H.J., Kropelin, S., 1987. Wadi Howar: paleoclimatic evidence from an extinct river system in the South-Eastern Sahara. Science, 237, 289–300.
  • Petit, J.R., Jouzel, J., Raynaud, D., Barkov, N.I., Barnola, J.M., Basile, I., Bender, M., Chappellaz, J., Davis, M., Delaygue, G., Delmotte, M., Kotlyakov, V.M., Legrand, M., Lipenkov,
  • V.Y., Lorius, C., Pepin, L., Ritz, C., Saltzman, E., Stievenard, M., 1999. Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostok ice core, Antarctica. Nature, 399, 429–436.
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  • Suborbital-period sea-level oscillations during marine isotope substages 5a and 5c. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 225, 191-204.
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  • Schellmann, G., Radtke, U., 2004. A revised morpho- and chronostratigraphy of the Late and Middle Pleistocene coral reef terraces on Southern Barbados (West Indies). Earth-Science Reviews, 64, 157-187.
  • Scholz, D., Mangini, A., 2007. How precise are U-series coral ages? Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta, 71, 1935–1948.
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  • Stirling, C.H., Andersen, M.B., 2009. Uranium-series dating of fossil coral reefs: Extending the sea-level record beyond the last glacial cycle. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 284,
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  • Thomas, A.L., Henderson, G.M., Deschamps, P., Yokoyama, Y., Mason, A.J., Bard, E., Hamelin, B.,Durand, N., Camoin, G., 2009. Penultimate deglacial sea-level timing from
  • Tisserand, A., Malaize, B., Jullien, E., Zaragosi, S., Chalier, K., Grousset, F., 2009. African monsoon enhancement during the penultimate glacial period (MIS 6.5 ~170 ka) and its
  • Tzedakis, P.C., McManus, J.F., Hooghiemstra, H., Oppo, D.W., Wijmstra, T.A., 2003. Comparison of changes in vegetation in northest Greece with records of climate variability on orbital and suborbital frequencies over the last 450.000 years. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 212, 197-212.
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Toplam 80 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Konular Yer Bilimleri ve Jeoloji Mühendisliği (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler - Articles
Yazarlar

Erdem Bekaroğlu

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ağustos 2012
Gönderilme Tarihi 20 Mart 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2012 Cilt: 55 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Bekaroğlu, E. (2012). Sondan Bir Önceki Buzul Dönemi’nde İklim Kontrolünde Meydana Gelen Bir Yüksek Deniz Seviyesinin Kanıtları. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni, 55(3), 159-188.
AMA Bekaroğlu E. Sondan Bir Önceki Buzul Dönemi’nde İklim Kontrolünde Meydana Gelen Bir Yüksek Deniz Seviyesinin Kanıtları. Türkiye Jeol. Bült. Ağustos 2012;55(3):159-188.
Chicago Bekaroğlu, Erdem. “Sondan Bir Önceki Buzul Dönemi’nde İklim Kontrolünde Meydana Gelen Bir Yüksek Deniz Seviyesinin Kanıtları”. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni 55, sy. 3 (Ağustos 2012): 159-88.
EndNote Bekaroğlu E (01 Ağustos 2012) Sondan Bir Önceki Buzul Dönemi’nde İklim Kontrolünde Meydana Gelen Bir Yüksek Deniz Seviyesinin Kanıtları. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni 55 3 159–188.
IEEE E. Bekaroğlu, “Sondan Bir Önceki Buzul Dönemi’nde İklim Kontrolünde Meydana Gelen Bir Yüksek Deniz Seviyesinin Kanıtları”, Türkiye Jeol. Bült., c. 55, sy. 3, ss. 159–188, 2012.
ISNAD Bekaroğlu, Erdem. “Sondan Bir Önceki Buzul Dönemi’nde İklim Kontrolünde Meydana Gelen Bir Yüksek Deniz Seviyesinin Kanıtları”. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni 55/3 (Ağustos 2012), 159-188.
JAMA Bekaroğlu E. Sondan Bir Önceki Buzul Dönemi’nde İklim Kontrolünde Meydana Gelen Bir Yüksek Deniz Seviyesinin Kanıtları. Türkiye Jeol. Bült. 2012;55:159–188.
MLA Bekaroğlu, Erdem. “Sondan Bir Önceki Buzul Dönemi’nde İklim Kontrolünde Meydana Gelen Bir Yüksek Deniz Seviyesinin Kanıtları”. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni, c. 55, sy. 3, 2012, ss. 159-88.
Vancouver Bekaroğlu E. Sondan Bir Önceki Buzul Dönemi’nde İklim Kontrolünde Meydana Gelen Bir Yüksek Deniz Seviyesinin Kanıtları. Türkiye Jeol. Bült. 2012;55(3):159-88.

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