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NUMERICAL ANALYSES OF A STRAIGHT BLADED VERTICAL AXIS DARRIEUS WIND TURBINE: VERIFICATION OF DMS ALGORITHM AND QBLADE CODE

Year 2019, , 195 - 208, 30.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.36222/ejt.643483

Abstract

Wind
energy is among the most cost-effective renewable energies. Till date, turbines
with different configurations had been designed to harness wind power, each
having unique superiorities. Darrieus turbines are one of the mostly
investigated vertical axis wind turbines using either experimental or numerical
methods. Experimental analyses are time consuming works which requires high
amount of effort and expenses. Thus, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods
have been commonly used by scientists and engineers in order of obtaining
detailed performance and illustration of the fluid flow. Contrary to the
horizontal axis machines, Darrieus turbines are difficult to be analyzed by CFD
algorithms due to high pressure and velocity variations which arise from
extreme changes in the angle of attack beyond the stall condition at different
azimuthal position of the blades. Therefore, more simplified numerical models
are generated employing double multiple streamtube (DMS) theory together with
additional improvements. QBlade is one of the mostly used numerical methods
based on the lifting line free vortex wake method developed for calculating
rotor aerodynamics. The main objective of this study is to verify the double
multiple streamtube theory and QBlade algorithm with the experimental and
computational results reported in the scientific literature. Analysis results
represented good agreement with the previous studies especially at lower TSR
ranges. Compare to the experimental results, an overestimation in the power
coefficient is obtained at low free stream speed and high TSR ranges after
exceeding the peak point. Sensitivity of the model to the Re number variations
have also been outlined. 

References

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  • [2] Sims, R.E.H. (2004). Renewable energy: a response to climate change. Solar Energy. 76 (1–3), 9–17.
  • [3] Lian, J., Zhang, Y., Ma, C., Yang, Y., Chaima, E. (2019). A review on recent sizing methodologies of hybrid renewable energy systems. Energy Conversion and Management. 199 112027.
  • [4] Chaurasiya, P.K., Warudkar, V., Ahmed, S. (2019). Wind energy development and policy in India: A review. Energy Strategy Reviews. 24 342–357.
  • [5] Ghasemian, M., Ashrafi, Z.N., Sedaghat, A. (2017). A review on computational fluid dynamic simulation techniques for Darrieus vertical axis wind turbines. Energy Conversion and Management. 149 87–100.
  • [6] Aslam Bhutta, M.M., Hayat, N., Farooq, A.U., Ali, Z., Jamil, S.R., Hussain, Z. (2012). Vertical axis wind turbine – A review of various configurations and design techniques. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 16 (4), 1926–1939.
  • [7] Muratoglu, A., Yuce, M.I. (2017). Design of a River Hydrokinetic Turbine Using Optimization and CFD Simulations. Journal of Energy Engineering. 143 (4), 04017009.
  • [8] Kirke, B.K., Lazauskas, L. (2011). Limitations of fixed pitch Darrieus hydrokinetic turbines and the challenge of variable pitch. Renewable Energy. 36 (3), 893–897.
  • [9] Jagtap, M., Navale, L. (2017). Twist Angle Analysis of Helical Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (Vawt) Using Q-Blade. International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology. 3 (8), 2454–7875.
  • [10] Hosseini, A., Goudarzi, N. (2019). Design and CFD study of a hybrid vertical-axis wind turbine by employing a combined Bach-type and H-Darrieus rotor systems. Energy Conversion and Management. 189 49–59.
  • [11] Khan, M.J., Bhuyan, G., Iqbal, M.T., Quaicoe, J.E. (2009). Hydrokinetic energy conversion systems and assessment of horizontal and vertical axis turbines for river and tidal applications: A technology status review. Applied Energy. 86 (10), 1823–1835.
  • [12] Kim, S., Cheong, C. (2015). Development of low-noise drag-type vertical wind turbines. Renewable Energy. 79 199–208.
  • [13] Scungio, M., Arpino, F., Focanti, V., Profili, M., Rotondi, M. (2016). Wind tunnel testing of scaled models of a newly developed Darrieus-style vertical axis wind turbine with auxiliary straight blades. Energy Conversion and Management. 130 60–70.
  • [14] Bianchini, A., Balduzzi, F., Rainbird, J.M., Peiró, J., Graham, J.M.R., Ferrara, G., et al. (2015). On the influence of virtual camber effect on airfoil polars for use in simulations of Darrieus wind turbines. Energy Conversion and Management. 106 373–384.
  • [15] Eric, H. (2006). Windmills and Windwheels. In Wind Turbines, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin. 1–21.
  • [16] Raciti Castelli, M., Englaro, A., Benini, E. (2011). The Darrieus wind turbine: Proposal for a new performance prediction model based on CFD. Energy. 36 (8), 4919–4934.
  • [17] Raciti Castelli, M., Ardizzon, G., Battisti, L., Benini, E., Pavesi, G. (2010). Modeling Strategy and Numerical Validation for a Darrieus Vertical Axis Micro-Wind Turbine. 409–418.
  • [18] Ferreira, C.J.S., Bijl, H., Bussel, G. van, and Kuik, G. van (2007). Simulating Dynamic Stall in a 2D VAWT: Modeling strategy, verification and validation with Particle Image Velocimetry data. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 75 012023.
  • [19] D’Alessandro, V., Montelpare, S., Ricci, R., Secchiaroli, A. (2010). Unsteady Aerodynamics of a Savonius wind rotor: a new computational approach for the simulation of energy performance. Energy. 35 (8), 3349–3363.
  • [20] Khadir, L., Mrad, H. (2015). Numerical investigation of aerodynamic performance of darrieus wind turbine based on the magnus effect. 9 (4), 383–396.
  • [21] Ghazalla, R.A., Mohamed, M.H., Hafiz, A.A. (2019). Synergistic analysis of a Darrieus wind turbine using computational fluid dynamics. Energy. 116214.
  • [22] Wakui, T., Tanzawa, Y., Hashizume, T., Nagao, T. (2005). Hybrid configuration of darrieus and savonius rotors for stand-alone wind turbine-generator systems. Electrical Engineering in Japan (English Translation of Denki Gakkai Ronbunshi).
  • [23] Consul, C., Willden, R., Ferrer, E., McCulloch, M. (2009). Influence of Solidity on the Performance of a Cross-Flow Turbine. in: Proc. 8th Eur. Wave Tidal Energy Conf. , Uppsala, Sweden pp. 484–493.
  • [24] Brusca, S., Lanzafame, R., Messina, M. (2014). Design of a vertical-axis wind turbine: how the aspect ratio affects the turbine’s performance. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering. 5 (4), 333–340.
  • [25] Qblade (2018). Wind turbine design and simulation. Hermann Föttinger Institute of TU Berlin.
  • [26] Marten, D., Wendler, J., Pechlivanoglou, G., Nayeri, C.N., Paschereit, C.O. (2013). Qblade: An Open Source Tool for Design and Simulation of Horizontal and Vertical Axis Wind Turbines. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering. 3 (3), 264–269.
  • [27] Barooni, M., Ale Ali, N., Ashuri, T. (2018). An open-source comprehensive numerical model for dynamic response and loads analysis of floating offshore wind turbines. Energy. 154 442–454.
  • [28] Bianchini, A., Marten, D., Tonini, A., Balduzzi, F., Nayeri, C.N., Ferrara, G., et al. (2018). Implementation of the “Virtual Camber” Transformation into the Open Source Software QBlade: Validation and Assessment. Energy Procedia. 148 210–217.
  • [29] Mahmuddin, F. (2017). Rotor Blade Performance Analysis with Blade Element Momentum Theory. Energy Procedia. 105 1123–1129.
  • [30] Suresh, A. and Rajakumar, S. (2019). Design of small horizontal axis wind turbine for low wind speed rural applications. Materials Today: Proceedings.
  • [31] Rahimian, M., Walker, J., Penesis, I. (2018). Performance of a horizontal axis marine current turbine– A comprehensive evaluation using experimental, numerical, and theoretical approaches. Energy. 148 965–976.
  • [32] Akour, S.N., Al-Heymari, M., Ahmed, T., Khalil, K.A. (2018). Experimental and theoretical investigation of micro wind turbine for low wind speed regions. Renewable Energy. 116 215–223.
  • [33] Bangga, G., Dessoky, A., Lutz, T., Krämer, E. (2019). Improved double-multiple-streamtube approach for H-Darrieus vertical axis wind turbine computations. Energy. 182 673–688.
  • [34] Liu, J., Lin, H., Zhang, J. (2019). Review on the technical perspectives and commercial viability of vertical axis wind turbines. Ocean Engineering. 182 608–626.
  • [35] Castelli, M.R. Benini, E. (2011). Effect of Blade Inclination Angle on a Darrieus Wind Turbine. Journal of Turbomachinery. 134 (3).
  • [36] Battisti, L., Persico, G., Dossena, V., Paradiso, B., Raciti Castelli, M., Brighenti, A., et al. (2018). Experimental benchmark data for H-shaped and troposkien VAWT architectures. Renewable Energy. 125 425–444.
  • [37] Muratoglu, A. (2014). Design and simulation of a riverine hydrokinetic turbine, Ph.D. thesis, University of Gaziantep, 2014.
  • [38] Morgado, J., Vizinho, R., Silvestre, M.A.R., and Páscoa, J.C. (2016). XFOIL vs CFD performance predictions for high lift low Reynolds number airfoils. Aerospace Science and Technology. 52 207–214.
  • [39] Zhang, S., Li, H., Abbasi, A.A. (2019). Design methodology using characteristic parameters control for low Reynolds number airfoils. Aerospace Science and Technology. 86 143–152.
  • [40] Yirtici, O., Cengiz, K., Ozgen, S., Tuncer, I.H. (2019). Aerodynamic validation studies on the performance analysis of iced wind turbine blades. Computers & Fluids. 192 104271.
  • [41] Glauert, H. (1963). Airplane Propellers. vol. Aerodynamic Theory Volume IV. WF Durand.
  • [42] Templin, R.J. (1974). Aerodynamic performance theory for the NRC vertical-axis wind turbine. NASA STI/Recon Technical Report N. 76.
  • [43] Strickland, J.H. (1975). The Darrieus Turbine: A Performance Prediction Method Using Multiple Stream Tubes. in: Sand75-0431, p. 94550.
  • [44] Saber, E., Afify, R., Elgamal, H. (2018). Performance of SB-VAWT using a modified double multiple streamtube model. Alexandria Engineering Journal. 57 (4), 3099–3110.
  • [45] Paraschivoiu, I., Delclaux, F. (1983). Double multiple streamtube model with recent improvements (for predicting aerodynamic loads and performance of Darrieus vertical axis wind turbines). Journal of Energy. 7 (3), 250–255.
  • [46] Biadgo, A.M., Simonović, A., Komarov, D., Stupar, S. (2013). Numerical and analytical investigation of vertical axis wind turbine. FME Transactions. 41 (1), 49–58.
  • [47] Paraschivoiu, I. (2002). Wind turbine design: with emphasis on Darrieus concept. Polytechnic International Press, Canada.
  • [48] Paraschivoiu, I (1982). Aerodynamic loads and performance of the Darrieus rotor. Journal of Energy. 6 (6), 406–41
Year 2019, , 195 - 208, 30.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.36222/ejt.643483

Abstract

References

  • [1] Kalair, A.R., Abas, N., Ul Hasan, Q., Kalair, E., Kalair, A., Khan, N. (2019). Water, energy and food nexus of Indus Water Treaty: Water governance. Water-Energy Nexus. 2 (1), 10–24.
  • [2] Sims, R.E.H. (2004). Renewable energy: a response to climate change. Solar Energy. 76 (1–3), 9–17.
  • [3] Lian, J., Zhang, Y., Ma, C., Yang, Y., Chaima, E. (2019). A review on recent sizing methodologies of hybrid renewable energy systems. Energy Conversion and Management. 199 112027.
  • [4] Chaurasiya, P.K., Warudkar, V., Ahmed, S. (2019). Wind energy development and policy in India: A review. Energy Strategy Reviews. 24 342–357.
  • [5] Ghasemian, M., Ashrafi, Z.N., Sedaghat, A. (2017). A review on computational fluid dynamic simulation techniques for Darrieus vertical axis wind turbines. Energy Conversion and Management. 149 87–100.
  • [6] Aslam Bhutta, M.M., Hayat, N., Farooq, A.U., Ali, Z., Jamil, S.R., Hussain, Z. (2012). Vertical axis wind turbine – A review of various configurations and design techniques. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 16 (4), 1926–1939.
  • [7] Muratoglu, A., Yuce, M.I. (2017). Design of a River Hydrokinetic Turbine Using Optimization and CFD Simulations. Journal of Energy Engineering. 143 (4), 04017009.
  • [8] Kirke, B.K., Lazauskas, L. (2011). Limitations of fixed pitch Darrieus hydrokinetic turbines and the challenge of variable pitch. Renewable Energy. 36 (3), 893–897.
  • [9] Jagtap, M., Navale, L. (2017). Twist Angle Analysis of Helical Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (Vawt) Using Q-Blade. International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology. 3 (8), 2454–7875.
  • [10] Hosseini, A., Goudarzi, N. (2019). Design and CFD study of a hybrid vertical-axis wind turbine by employing a combined Bach-type and H-Darrieus rotor systems. Energy Conversion and Management. 189 49–59.
  • [11] Khan, M.J., Bhuyan, G., Iqbal, M.T., Quaicoe, J.E. (2009). Hydrokinetic energy conversion systems and assessment of horizontal and vertical axis turbines for river and tidal applications: A technology status review. Applied Energy. 86 (10), 1823–1835.
  • [12] Kim, S., Cheong, C. (2015). Development of low-noise drag-type vertical wind turbines. Renewable Energy. 79 199–208.
  • [13] Scungio, M., Arpino, F., Focanti, V., Profili, M., Rotondi, M. (2016). Wind tunnel testing of scaled models of a newly developed Darrieus-style vertical axis wind turbine with auxiliary straight blades. Energy Conversion and Management. 130 60–70.
  • [14] Bianchini, A., Balduzzi, F., Rainbird, J.M., Peiró, J., Graham, J.M.R., Ferrara, G., et al. (2015). On the influence of virtual camber effect on airfoil polars for use in simulations of Darrieus wind turbines. Energy Conversion and Management. 106 373–384.
  • [15] Eric, H. (2006). Windmills and Windwheels. In Wind Turbines, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin. 1–21.
  • [16] Raciti Castelli, M., Englaro, A., Benini, E. (2011). The Darrieus wind turbine: Proposal for a new performance prediction model based on CFD. Energy. 36 (8), 4919–4934.
  • [17] Raciti Castelli, M., Ardizzon, G., Battisti, L., Benini, E., Pavesi, G. (2010). Modeling Strategy and Numerical Validation for a Darrieus Vertical Axis Micro-Wind Turbine. 409–418.
  • [18] Ferreira, C.J.S., Bijl, H., Bussel, G. van, and Kuik, G. van (2007). Simulating Dynamic Stall in a 2D VAWT: Modeling strategy, verification and validation with Particle Image Velocimetry data. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 75 012023.
  • [19] D’Alessandro, V., Montelpare, S., Ricci, R., Secchiaroli, A. (2010). Unsteady Aerodynamics of a Savonius wind rotor: a new computational approach for the simulation of energy performance. Energy. 35 (8), 3349–3363.
  • [20] Khadir, L., Mrad, H. (2015). Numerical investigation of aerodynamic performance of darrieus wind turbine based on the magnus effect. 9 (4), 383–396.
  • [21] Ghazalla, R.A., Mohamed, M.H., Hafiz, A.A. (2019). Synergistic analysis of a Darrieus wind turbine using computational fluid dynamics. Energy. 116214.
  • [22] Wakui, T., Tanzawa, Y., Hashizume, T., Nagao, T. (2005). Hybrid configuration of darrieus and savonius rotors for stand-alone wind turbine-generator systems. Electrical Engineering in Japan (English Translation of Denki Gakkai Ronbunshi).
  • [23] Consul, C., Willden, R., Ferrer, E., McCulloch, M. (2009). Influence of Solidity on the Performance of a Cross-Flow Turbine. in: Proc. 8th Eur. Wave Tidal Energy Conf. , Uppsala, Sweden pp. 484–493.
  • [24] Brusca, S., Lanzafame, R., Messina, M. (2014). Design of a vertical-axis wind turbine: how the aspect ratio affects the turbine’s performance. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering. 5 (4), 333–340.
  • [25] Qblade (2018). Wind turbine design and simulation. Hermann Föttinger Institute of TU Berlin.
  • [26] Marten, D., Wendler, J., Pechlivanoglou, G., Nayeri, C.N., Paschereit, C.O. (2013). Qblade: An Open Source Tool for Design and Simulation of Horizontal and Vertical Axis Wind Turbines. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering. 3 (3), 264–269.
  • [27] Barooni, M., Ale Ali, N., Ashuri, T. (2018). An open-source comprehensive numerical model for dynamic response and loads analysis of floating offshore wind turbines. Energy. 154 442–454.
  • [28] Bianchini, A., Marten, D., Tonini, A., Balduzzi, F., Nayeri, C.N., Ferrara, G., et al. (2018). Implementation of the “Virtual Camber” Transformation into the Open Source Software QBlade: Validation and Assessment. Energy Procedia. 148 210–217.
  • [29] Mahmuddin, F. (2017). Rotor Blade Performance Analysis with Blade Element Momentum Theory. Energy Procedia. 105 1123–1129.
  • [30] Suresh, A. and Rajakumar, S. (2019). Design of small horizontal axis wind turbine for low wind speed rural applications. Materials Today: Proceedings.
  • [31] Rahimian, M., Walker, J., Penesis, I. (2018). Performance of a horizontal axis marine current turbine– A comprehensive evaluation using experimental, numerical, and theoretical approaches. Energy. 148 965–976.
  • [32] Akour, S.N., Al-Heymari, M., Ahmed, T., Khalil, K.A. (2018). Experimental and theoretical investigation of micro wind turbine for low wind speed regions. Renewable Energy. 116 215–223.
  • [33] Bangga, G., Dessoky, A., Lutz, T., Krämer, E. (2019). Improved double-multiple-streamtube approach for H-Darrieus vertical axis wind turbine computations. Energy. 182 673–688.
  • [34] Liu, J., Lin, H., Zhang, J. (2019). Review on the technical perspectives and commercial viability of vertical axis wind turbines. Ocean Engineering. 182 608–626.
  • [35] Castelli, M.R. Benini, E. (2011). Effect of Blade Inclination Angle on a Darrieus Wind Turbine. Journal of Turbomachinery. 134 (3).
  • [36] Battisti, L., Persico, G., Dossena, V., Paradiso, B., Raciti Castelli, M., Brighenti, A., et al. (2018). Experimental benchmark data for H-shaped and troposkien VAWT architectures. Renewable Energy. 125 425–444.
  • [37] Muratoglu, A. (2014). Design and simulation of a riverine hydrokinetic turbine, Ph.D. thesis, University of Gaziantep, 2014.
  • [38] Morgado, J., Vizinho, R., Silvestre, M.A.R., and Páscoa, J.C. (2016). XFOIL vs CFD performance predictions for high lift low Reynolds number airfoils. Aerospace Science and Technology. 52 207–214.
  • [39] Zhang, S., Li, H., Abbasi, A.A. (2019). Design methodology using characteristic parameters control for low Reynolds number airfoils. Aerospace Science and Technology. 86 143–152.
  • [40] Yirtici, O., Cengiz, K., Ozgen, S., Tuncer, I.H. (2019). Aerodynamic validation studies on the performance analysis of iced wind turbine blades. Computers & Fluids. 192 104271.
  • [41] Glauert, H. (1963). Airplane Propellers. vol. Aerodynamic Theory Volume IV. WF Durand.
  • [42] Templin, R.J. (1974). Aerodynamic performance theory for the NRC vertical-axis wind turbine. NASA STI/Recon Technical Report N. 76.
  • [43] Strickland, J.H. (1975). The Darrieus Turbine: A Performance Prediction Method Using Multiple Stream Tubes. in: Sand75-0431, p. 94550.
  • [44] Saber, E., Afify, R., Elgamal, H. (2018). Performance of SB-VAWT using a modified double multiple streamtube model. Alexandria Engineering Journal. 57 (4), 3099–3110.
  • [45] Paraschivoiu, I., Delclaux, F. (1983). Double multiple streamtube model with recent improvements (for predicting aerodynamic loads and performance of Darrieus vertical axis wind turbines). Journal of Energy. 7 (3), 250–255.
  • [46] Biadgo, A.M., Simonović, A., Komarov, D., Stupar, S. (2013). Numerical and analytical investigation of vertical axis wind turbine. FME Transactions. 41 (1), 49–58.
  • [47] Paraschivoiu, I. (2002). Wind turbine design: with emphasis on Darrieus concept. Polytechnic International Press, Canada.
  • [48] Paraschivoiu, I (1982). Aerodynamic loads and performance of the Darrieus rotor. Journal of Energy. 6 (6), 406–41
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Environmental Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Aerospace Engineering
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Abdullah Muratoğlu 0000-0001-8981-5983

Muhammed Sungur Demir This is me 0000-0003-3631-6325

Publication Date December 30, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019

Cite

APA Muratoğlu, A., & Demir, M. S. (2019). NUMERICAL ANALYSES OF A STRAIGHT BLADED VERTICAL AXIS DARRIEUS WIND TURBINE: VERIFICATION OF DMS ALGORITHM AND QBLADE CODE. European Journal of Technique (EJT), 9(2), 195-208. https://doi.org/10.36222/ejt.643483

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