Karacasu Fayı’nın (GB Türkiye) Göreceli Tektonik Aktivitesinin Jeomorfik İndislerle İncelenmesi

Year 2019, , 37 - 48, 15.01.2019

Savaş Topal

https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.409561

Cited By: 6

Abstract

Ege genişleme
sistemindeki KB gidişli havzalardan birisi olan Karacasu Havzası, Büyük
Menderes Grabeni’ni eğik olarak kesmektedir. Karacasu Havzası yaklaşık 30 km
uzunluğa ve 10 km genişliğe sahip bir yarı graben şeklinde gelişmiştir. Grabeni
GB’dan sınırlayan fay, Karacasu Fayı olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Neojen öncesi
temel Menderes Masifi’nin gnays ve şistlerinden oluşur. Bu metamorfik temel
üzerine  havza kenarları boyunca
çakıltaşı ve kumtaşları, havza merkezinde ise çamurtaşları ve kireçtaşları ile
temsil edilen Miyo-Pliyosen yaşlı havza dolgusu uyumsuz olarak gelir. Üstte en
genç olan birim Karacasu Formasyonu’nun Kuvaterner yaşlı kaba kırıntıları yer
alır. Karacasu Fayı’nın gidişi, devamlılığı ve geometrisi dikkate alınarak,
Çamköy ve Yazır olmak üzere iki ayrı segmente ayrılır. KB gidişli Karacasu Fayı,
dağ önü sinüslülük oranı (Smf), vadi tabanı genişliği-yüksekliği oranı (Vf), akarsu
uzunluk-gradyan indisi (SL), havza asimetri faktörü (AF), hipsometrik eğri ve
integral (Hi) ve drenaj havzası şekli (Bs) indisleri yanı sıra, 12.5 m
çözünürlüklü sayısal yükseklik modeli  (SYM)
kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Hesaplanan bu indislerin ortalaması kullanılarak
göreceli tektonik aktivite (Iat) indisi elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen Iat indisi
verileri, Çamköy ve Yazır segmentlerinin KB uçlarında çok yüksek, diğer
bölümlerinde ise yüksek tektonik aktivite durumuna işaret etmektedir. Segmentlerin
uzunluğu ve bölgedeki eski depremler, Karacasu Fayı’nın yakın gelecekte M6 veya
üzeri büyüklükte deprem üretme potansiyeline sahip olduğunu göstermektedir.

Keywords

Göreceli tektonik aktivite, Jeomorfik analiz, Karacasu Fayı, Tektonik jeomorfoloji

Investigation of the relative tectonic activity of the Karacasu Fault (SW Turkey) by geomorphic indices

Abstract

The NW-SE trending Karacasu
basin in the Aegean Extensional System cuts obliquely the Büyük Menderes
graben. The Karacasu Basin was developed in the form of a half-graben with
about 30 km long and about 10 km a width. This fault is called Karacasu
Fault.The Pre-Neogene basement consists of schists and gneisses of the Menderes
Massif. The Mio-Pliocene basin fill are represented by the conglomerates and
sandstones along the basin margins, and mudstones and limestones at the basin
center. This basin fill rest unconformably on the metamorphic basement, which
is represented by the conglomerates and sandstones along the basin margins and
mudstones and limestones at the basin center. The youngest unit is
Quaternary  units consists of coarse
clastics. Based on direction, continuity and geometry of the Karacasu Fault is
divided into two sub-segments as Çamköy and Yazır. Mountain front sinuosity
(Smf), the ratio of valley floor width to valley height (Vf), stream
length-gradient index (SL), asymmetry factor (AF), hypsometric integral (Hi)
basin shape indices in the drainage areas and mountain fronts were calculated
using DEM (12.5 m resolution) to determine the relative tectonic activity of
the Karacasu Basin. By using the average of these calculated indices, the
relative tectonic activity (Iat) index data point to was obtained. The relative
tectonic activity of the segments with the obtained Iat index is divided into
two classes. Iat index suggests very high relative tectonic activities for the
NW tips of the both segments, while high tectonic activities was determined for
the other parts of these segments. Based on findinf on this study, the length
of the segments and the ancient earthquakes in the region indicate the Karacasu
Fault has a potential to produce earthquakes with M6 and or higher magnitudes
earthquakes in the near future.

Keywords

Relative tectonic activity, Geomorphic analysis, Karacasu Fault, Tectonic geomorphology

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