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Portatif Emisyon ve Yakıt Tüketimi Ölçüm Sistemi Kullanılarak Bir Dizel Otobüsün Gerçek Dünya Sürüş Emisyonları ve Yakıt Tüketiminin Değerlendirilmesi: İstanbul Otobüs Hızlı Ulaşımı – Metrobus

Year 2019, , 515 - 525, 15.07.2019
https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.459895

Abstract

İçten
yanmalı motorlarla tahrik edilen toplu taşıma kaynaklı emisyonlar hava
kirliliği, insan sağlığı ve küresel ısınma açısından oldukça önem arz
etmektedir. Toplu taşıma esnasında tüketilen yakıt miktarı özellikle
ekonomiklik anlamında dikkate alınması gereken diğer bir faktördür. Bu
doğrultuda dünya toplu taşıma sisteminin önemli taşıma akslarından biri olan ve
kendine ayrılmış özel bir hat kullanan İstanbul Metrobüs Taşıma Sisteminin bir
kısmı araç üstü portatif emisyon ve yakıt tüketimi ölçüm cihazları kullanılarak
analiz edilmiş ve değerlendirilmiştir. Tüm çalışma boyunca yolcu otobüslerinin
elektronik kontrol ağı üzerindeki gerekli veriler de paralel olarak
toplanmıştır. Sonrasında yakıt tüketimi ve emisyon verileri, seyirlerin
istatistiki verileri, sürüş modları, yol eğimi ve araç özgül gücü anlamında
değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada yapılan analizlerle taşıt özgül gücü ile yakıt tüketimi
ve emisyonlar
 arasında
güçlü bir korelasyon olduğu gösterilmiştir. İvmenin ve taşıt hızının yakıt tüketimi
ve emisyonlar üzerine etkileri irdelenmiştir. Topoğrafyaya bağlı elde edilen
yakıt tüketimi ve emisyon verileri, toplu taşıma planlamasında topoğrafya
verilerinin araç özellikleri ile birlikte kullanımının gerekliliğini ortaya
koymuştur. Yapılan analiziler neticesinde araç üstü portatif emisyon ölçüm
sistemleri ve mobil yakıt tüketimi ölçüm cihazlarının daha çevreci ve ekonomik
toplu taşıma için motor kalibrasyon proseslerinin bir parçası olabileceği
değerlendirilmiştir.

References

  • Alpkokin, P. and Ergun, M., 2012. Istanbul Metrobüs: first intercontinental bus rapid transit. Journal of Transport Geography, 24, 58-66.
  • Andrés, L. and Padilla, E., 2018. Driving factors of GHG emissions in the EU transport activity. Transport Policy, 61, 60-74.
  • Choudhary, A. and Gokhale, S., 2016. Urban real-world driving traffic emissions during interruption and congestion. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 43(Supplement C), 59-70.
  • Çakır, F.H. and Akbayır, Ö., 2017. Metrobüs Sisteminin Enerji Kullanımı ve Çevreye Etkilerinin İncelenmesi, Elektrikli Araçlar ve Trolleybüslerin Kullanım Potansiyellerinin Araştırılması. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, Özel Sayı 1, 97-102.
  • Duarte, G. O., Gonçalves, G. A. and Farias, T. L., 2016. Analysis of fuel consumption and pollutant emissions of regulated and alternative driving cycles based on real-world measurements. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 44, 43-54.
  • Hao, L., Chen, W., Li, L., Tan, J., Wang, X., Yin, H., Ding, Y. and Ge, Y., 2017. Modeling and predicting low-speed vehicle emissions as a function of driving kinematics. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 55, 109-117.
  • ICCT, 2016, International Council on Clean Transport, A technical summary of Euro 6/VI vehicle emission standards.
  • Joumard, R., André, M., Vidon, R. and Tassel, P., 2003. Characterizing real unit emissions for light duty goods vehicles. Atmospheric Environment, 37(37), 5217-5225.
  • Luján, J. M., Bermúdez, V., Dolz, V. and Monsalve-Serrano, J., 2018. An assessment of the real-world driving gaseous emissions from a Euro 6 light-duty diesel vehicle using a portable emissions measurement system (PEMS). Atmospheric Environment, 174, 112-121.
  • Mendoza-Villafuerte, P., Suarez-Bertoa, R., Giechaskiel, B., Riccobono, F., Bulgheroni, C., Astorga, C. and Perujo, A., 2017. NOx, NH3, N2O and PN real driving emissions from a Euro VI heavy-duty vehicle. Impact of regulatory on-road test conditions on emissions. Science of the Total Environment, 609, 546-555.
  • Merkisz, J. and Rymaniak, L, 2017. Tests of urban bus specific emissions in terms of currently applicable heavy vehicles operating emission regulations. Combustion Engines, 1(168), 21-26.
  • Myung, C.-L., Ko, A., Kim, J., Choi, K., Kwon, S. and Park, S., 2013. Specific engine performance and gaseous emissions characteristics of European test cycle and worldwide harmonized driving cycle for a heavy-duty diesel engine. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 27(12), 3893-3902.
  • Palacios, J., 1999. Understanding and Quantifying Motor Vehicle Emissions with Vehicle Specific Power and TILDAS Remote Sensing. Doctor of Philosophy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston-USA.
  • Prati, M. V., Meccariello, G., Della Ragione, L. and Costagliola, M. A., 2015. Real Driving Emissions of a Light-Duty Vehicle in Naples-Influence of Road Grade. SAE International 12th International Conference on Engines & Vehicles, September 2015, Naples, Italy, SAE 2015-24-2509
  • UITP, 2014, International Association of Public. Bus Systems in Europe - Current Fleets and Future Trends.
  • URL-1, from https://www.avl.com/real-driving-emissions-rde-, 13 September 2018
  • URL-2, https://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/transport/vehicles/heavy_en , 13 September 2018
  • Wang, A., Ge, Y., Tan, J., Fu, M., Shah, A. N., Ding, Y., Zhao, H. and Liang, B., 2011. On-road pollutant emission and fuel consumption characteristics of buses in Beijing. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 23(3), 419-426.
  • Yao, Z., Wei, H., Liu, H. and Li, Z., 2013. Statistical Vehicle Specific Power Profiling for Urban Freeways. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 96, 2927-2938.
  • Yu, Q. and Li, T., 2014. Evaluation of bus emissions generated near bus stops. Atmospheric Environment, 85, 195-203.
  • Yu, Q., Li, T. and Li, H., 2016. Improving urban bus emission and fuel consumption modeling by incorporating passenger load factor for real world driving. Applied Energy, 161(Supplement C), 101-111.
  • Zhang, Q., Wu, L., Yang, Z., Zou, C., Liu, X., Zhang, K. and Mao, H., 2016. Characteristics of gaseous and particulate pollutants exhaust from logistics transportation vehicle on real-world conditions. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 43, 40-48.

An Assessment of Real-World Driving Emissions and Fuel Consumption of a Diesel Bus with Using a Portable Emissions and Fuel Consumption Measurement System: İstanbul Bus Rapid Transit-Metrobus

Year 2019, , 515 - 525, 15.07.2019
https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.459895

Abstract

Pollutants from combustion engine powered public
transportation are showing great importance in terms of air quality, human
being health and also the global warming. The amount of fuel consumed during
transportation is another factor that should be taken in to account because of
economic aspects. In this context, a part of one of the world’s biggest public
transportation axle – Istanbul Metrobus public transportation system – which is
using a dedicated line is analyzed via using on board emission measurement
system and onboard fuel consumption metering devices. The relevant controller
area network data was collected during cruises. The fuel consumption and
emissions results are analyzed regarding to cruise statistical data, driving
modes, road gradient and vehicle specific power data and per passenger
statistic. A strong correlation between vehicle specific power and fuel
consumption and emissions is shown. The effect of acceleration and velocity are
analyzed. Fuel consumption and emission data obtained regarding to the
topography indicated that, topography should be used with vehicle properties in
public transportation planning. Also it was evaluated that the portable
emission measurement systems and mobile fuel consumption measurements can be a
part of engine calibration development for environmentally friendly and
economic public transportation.

References

  • Alpkokin, P. and Ergun, M., 2012. Istanbul Metrobüs: first intercontinental bus rapid transit. Journal of Transport Geography, 24, 58-66.
  • Andrés, L. and Padilla, E., 2018. Driving factors of GHG emissions in the EU transport activity. Transport Policy, 61, 60-74.
  • Choudhary, A. and Gokhale, S., 2016. Urban real-world driving traffic emissions during interruption and congestion. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 43(Supplement C), 59-70.
  • Çakır, F.H. and Akbayır, Ö., 2017. Metrobüs Sisteminin Enerji Kullanımı ve Çevreye Etkilerinin İncelenmesi, Elektrikli Araçlar ve Trolleybüslerin Kullanım Potansiyellerinin Araştırılması. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, Özel Sayı 1, 97-102.
  • Duarte, G. O., Gonçalves, G. A. and Farias, T. L., 2016. Analysis of fuel consumption and pollutant emissions of regulated and alternative driving cycles based on real-world measurements. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 44, 43-54.
  • Hao, L., Chen, W., Li, L., Tan, J., Wang, X., Yin, H., Ding, Y. and Ge, Y., 2017. Modeling and predicting low-speed vehicle emissions as a function of driving kinematics. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 55, 109-117.
  • ICCT, 2016, International Council on Clean Transport, A technical summary of Euro 6/VI vehicle emission standards.
  • Joumard, R., André, M., Vidon, R. and Tassel, P., 2003. Characterizing real unit emissions for light duty goods vehicles. Atmospheric Environment, 37(37), 5217-5225.
  • Luján, J. M., Bermúdez, V., Dolz, V. and Monsalve-Serrano, J., 2018. An assessment of the real-world driving gaseous emissions from a Euro 6 light-duty diesel vehicle using a portable emissions measurement system (PEMS). Atmospheric Environment, 174, 112-121.
  • Mendoza-Villafuerte, P., Suarez-Bertoa, R., Giechaskiel, B., Riccobono, F., Bulgheroni, C., Astorga, C. and Perujo, A., 2017. NOx, NH3, N2O and PN real driving emissions from a Euro VI heavy-duty vehicle. Impact of regulatory on-road test conditions on emissions. Science of the Total Environment, 609, 546-555.
  • Merkisz, J. and Rymaniak, L, 2017. Tests of urban bus specific emissions in terms of currently applicable heavy vehicles operating emission regulations. Combustion Engines, 1(168), 21-26.
  • Myung, C.-L., Ko, A., Kim, J., Choi, K., Kwon, S. and Park, S., 2013. Specific engine performance and gaseous emissions characteristics of European test cycle and worldwide harmonized driving cycle for a heavy-duty diesel engine. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 27(12), 3893-3902.
  • Palacios, J., 1999. Understanding and Quantifying Motor Vehicle Emissions with Vehicle Specific Power and TILDAS Remote Sensing. Doctor of Philosophy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston-USA.
  • Prati, M. V., Meccariello, G., Della Ragione, L. and Costagliola, M. A., 2015. Real Driving Emissions of a Light-Duty Vehicle in Naples-Influence of Road Grade. SAE International 12th International Conference on Engines & Vehicles, September 2015, Naples, Italy, SAE 2015-24-2509
  • UITP, 2014, International Association of Public. Bus Systems in Europe - Current Fleets and Future Trends.
  • URL-1, from https://www.avl.com/real-driving-emissions-rde-, 13 September 2018
  • URL-2, https://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/transport/vehicles/heavy_en , 13 September 2018
  • Wang, A., Ge, Y., Tan, J., Fu, M., Shah, A. N., Ding, Y., Zhao, H. and Liang, B., 2011. On-road pollutant emission and fuel consumption characteristics of buses in Beijing. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 23(3), 419-426.
  • Yao, Z., Wei, H., Liu, H. and Li, Z., 2013. Statistical Vehicle Specific Power Profiling for Urban Freeways. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 96, 2927-2938.
  • Yu, Q. and Li, T., 2014. Evaluation of bus emissions generated near bus stops. Atmospheric Environment, 85, 195-203.
  • Yu, Q., Li, T. and Li, H., 2016. Improving urban bus emission and fuel consumption modeling by incorporating passenger load factor for real world driving. Applied Energy, 161(Supplement C), 101-111.
  • Zhang, Q., Wu, L., Yang, Z., Zou, C., Liu, X., Zhang, K. and Mao, H., 2016. Characteristics of gaseous and particulate pollutants exhaust from logistics transportation vehicle on real-world conditions. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 43, 40-48.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Orkun Özener 0000-0001-9168-5161

Publication Date July 15, 2019
Submission Date September 14, 2018
Acceptance Date April 30, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019

Cite

APA Özener, O. (2019). Portatif Emisyon ve Yakıt Tüketimi Ölçüm Sistemi Kullanılarak Bir Dizel Otobüsün Gerçek Dünya Sürüş Emisyonları ve Yakıt Tüketiminin Değerlendirilmesi: İstanbul Otobüs Hızlı Ulaşımı – Metrobus. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(3), 515-525. https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.459895