BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Sumerce kaynaklara göre Ölüler Diyarı’nın yeri

Yıl 2015, , 25 - 46, 01.08.2015
https://doi.org/10.1501/Archv_0000000009

Öz

Birçok Eskiçağ toplumu gibi Eski Mezopotamyalılar da ruhun varlığına ve ölümden sonra hayatın farklı bir âlemde devam ettiğine inanmaktaydılar. Bir kimse öldükten sonra cenaze âyinleri gerçekleştirilerek ruhunun öteki dünyaya, diğer tabirle ölüler diyarına gitmesi sağlanırdı. Bu çalışmada ölülerin ruhlarının nerede ikamet ettikleri üzerinde durulacaktır. Bu hususun aydınlatılabilmesi için öteki dünyanın yeri hakkında bilgi veren Sumerce kaynaklar ile uzmanların konu hakkındaki düşünceleri gözden geçirilecektir

Kaynakça

  • Artemov 2012: N. Artemov, “The Elusive Beyond: Some Notes on the Netherworld Geography in Sumerian Tradition.”, OBO 256, 2012, 1-30.
  • Black-Green 2003: J. A. Black - A., Green, Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia: An Illustrated Dictionary (2. ed., reprinted), London 2003.
  • Buccellati 1982: G., Buccellati, “The Descent of Inanna as a Ritual Journey to Kutha”, SMS 4/3, 1982, 51-57.
  • CAD The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, Chicago 1956vd.
  • ePSD S. Tinney et al., The Electronic Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary(http://psd.museum.upenn.edu/epsd/index.htm)2006. ETCSL J. A. Black, G. Cunningham, J. Ebeling, E. Flückiger-Hawker
  • E. Robson, J. Taylor and G. Zólyomi, The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature (http://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk/), Oxford 1998–2006.
  • Gadotti 2005: A. Gadotti, ‘Gilgamesh, Enkidu, and the Netherworld’ and the Sumerian Gilgamesh Cycle, UAVA 10, Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter 2014.
  • Geller 1985: Geller, M. J., Forerunners to Udug-Hul, Sumerian Exorcistic Incantations, FAOS 12, Stuttgart 1985.
  • Geller 2000: M. J. Geller, “The Landscape of the ‘Netherworld’”, RAI 44/III, 2000, 41-49.
  • Hart 2012: H. Hart, Mısır Mitleri, (çev. M. S. Türk), Ankara: Phoenix 2012.
  • Heimpel 1986: Heimpel, W., “The Sun at Night and the Doors of Heaven in Babylonian Texts”, JCS 38/2, 1986, 127-151.
  • Horowitz 1998: W. Horowitz, Mesopotamian Cosmic Geography, MC 8, Winona Lake 1998.
  • Jacobsen 1987: T. Jacobsen, The Harps that Once...: Sumerian Poetry in Translation, New Haven: Yale University Press 1987.
  • Jagersma 2007: B. Jagersma, “The Calendar of the Funerary Cult in Ancient Lagash”, BiOr 64/3-4, 2007, 289-307
  • Katz 2003: D. Katz, The Image of the Netherworld in the Sumerian Sources, Bethesda: CDL Press 2003.
  • Katz 2010: D. Katz, “The Naked Soul: Deliberations on a Popular Theme”, In J. Stackert et al. (eds.) Gazing on the Deep, Studies in Honor of Tzvi Abusch, Bethesda: CDL Press 2010, 107-120.
  • Kitchen 2003: K. A. Kitchen, On the Reliability of the Old Testament, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans 2003.
  • Kramer 1951: S. N. Kramer, “‘Inanna's Descent to the Nether World Continued and Revised’ Second Part, Revised Edition of Inanna’s Descent to the Nether World”, JCS 5, 1951, 1-17.
  • Kramer 1960: S. N. Kramer, “Death and Nether World According to the Sumerian Literary Texts”, Iraq 22, 1960, 59-68.
  • Kramer 1980: S. N. Kramer, “The Death of Dumuzi: A New Sumerian Version”, AnSt 30, 1980, 5-13.
  • Kramer 1982: S. N. Kramer, “Lisin, The Weeping Mother-Goddess: A New Sumerian Lament”, Zikir Šumim: Assyriological Studies Presented to F.R. Kraus on the Occasion of His Seventieth Birthday, Leiden : E. J. Brill 1982, 134-144.
  • Kramer 2001: S. N. Kramer, Sümer Mitolojisi, (çev. H. Koyukan), İstanbul: Kabalcı Yayınevi 2001.
  • Kramer 2002: S. N. Kramer, Tarih Sümer’de Başlar, (çev. H. Koyukan), İstanbul: Kabalcı Yayınevi 2002.
  • Leick 2003: Leick, G., Dictionary of Ancient Near East Mythology, London, New York: Taylor & Francis e-Library 2003.
  • Mieroop 1979: M. van de Mieroop, “Mountain and Tree as Sign of the Netherworld in Akkadian Art”, OLP 10, 1979, 69-74.
  • Potts 1997: D. T. Potts, Mesopotamian Civilization: The Material Foundations, New York: Cornell University Press 1997.
  • Ragavan 2013: D. Ragavan, “Entering Other Worlds: Gates, Rituals, and Cosmic Journeys in Sumerian Sources”, OIS 9, Chicago: Oriental Institute 2013, 201-221.

Location of the Netherworld According to Sumerian Sources

Yıl 2015, , 25 - 46, 01.08.2015
https://doi.org/10.1501/Archv_0000000009

Öz

Location of the Netherworld According to Sumerian Sources death to the netherworld, some funerary rituals were being performed. In this study, it is emphasized that where the location of the netherworld. In order to find an answer to this question, Sumerian sources which inform about location of the netherworld will be studied and scholars’ thoughts about the subject will be revised

Kaynakça

  • Artemov 2012: N. Artemov, “The Elusive Beyond: Some Notes on the Netherworld Geography in Sumerian Tradition.”, OBO 256, 2012, 1-30.
  • Black-Green 2003: J. A. Black - A., Green, Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia: An Illustrated Dictionary (2. ed., reprinted), London 2003.
  • Buccellati 1982: G., Buccellati, “The Descent of Inanna as a Ritual Journey to Kutha”, SMS 4/3, 1982, 51-57.
  • CAD The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, Chicago 1956vd.
  • ePSD S. Tinney et al., The Electronic Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary(http://psd.museum.upenn.edu/epsd/index.htm)2006. ETCSL J. A. Black, G. Cunningham, J. Ebeling, E. Flückiger-Hawker
  • E. Robson, J. Taylor and G. Zólyomi, The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature (http://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk/), Oxford 1998–2006.
  • Gadotti 2005: A. Gadotti, ‘Gilgamesh, Enkidu, and the Netherworld’ and the Sumerian Gilgamesh Cycle, UAVA 10, Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter 2014.
  • Geller 1985: Geller, M. J., Forerunners to Udug-Hul, Sumerian Exorcistic Incantations, FAOS 12, Stuttgart 1985.
  • Geller 2000: M. J. Geller, “The Landscape of the ‘Netherworld’”, RAI 44/III, 2000, 41-49.
  • Hart 2012: H. Hart, Mısır Mitleri, (çev. M. S. Türk), Ankara: Phoenix 2012.
  • Heimpel 1986: Heimpel, W., “The Sun at Night and the Doors of Heaven in Babylonian Texts”, JCS 38/2, 1986, 127-151.
  • Horowitz 1998: W. Horowitz, Mesopotamian Cosmic Geography, MC 8, Winona Lake 1998.
  • Jacobsen 1987: T. Jacobsen, The Harps that Once...: Sumerian Poetry in Translation, New Haven: Yale University Press 1987.
  • Jagersma 2007: B. Jagersma, “The Calendar of the Funerary Cult in Ancient Lagash”, BiOr 64/3-4, 2007, 289-307
  • Katz 2003: D. Katz, The Image of the Netherworld in the Sumerian Sources, Bethesda: CDL Press 2003.
  • Katz 2010: D. Katz, “The Naked Soul: Deliberations on a Popular Theme”, In J. Stackert et al. (eds.) Gazing on the Deep, Studies in Honor of Tzvi Abusch, Bethesda: CDL Press 2010, 107-120.
  • Kitchen 2003: K. A. Kitchen, On the Reliability of the Old Testament, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans 2003.
  • Kramer 1951: S. N. Kramer, “‘Inanna's Descent to the Nether World Continued and Revised’ Second Part, Revised Edition of Inanna’s Descent to the Nether World”, JCS 5, 1951, 1-17.
  • Kramer 1960: S. N. Kramer, “Death and Nether World According to the Sumerian Literary Texts”, Iraq 22, 1960, 59-68.
  • Kramer 1980: S. N. Kramer, “The Death of Dumuzi: A New Sumerian Version”, AnSt 30, 1980, 5-13.
  • Kramer 1982: S. N. Kramer, “Lisin, The Weeping Mother-Goddess: A New Sumerian Lament”, Zikir Šumim: Assyriological Studies Presented to F.R. Kraus on the Occasion of His Seventieth Birthday, Leiden : E. J. Brill 1982, 134-144.
  • Kramer 2001: S. N. Kramer, Sümer Mitolojisi, (çev. H. Koyukan), İstanbul: Kabalcı Yayınevi 2001.
  • Kramer 2002: S. N. Kramer, Tarih Sümer’de Başlar, (çev. H. Koyukan), İstanbul: Kabalcı Yayınevi 2002.
  • Leick 2003: Leick, G., Dictionary of Ancient Near East Mythology, London, New York: Taylor & Francis e-Library 2003.
  • Mieroop 1979: M. van de Mieroop, “Mountain and Tree as Sign of the Netherworld in Akkadian Art”, OLP 10, 1979, 69-74.
  • Potts 1997: D. T. Potts, Mesopotamian Civilization: The Material Foundations, New York: Cornell University Press 1997.
  • Ragavan 2013: D. Ragavan, “Entering Other Worlds: Gates, Rituals, and Cosmic Journeys in Sumerian Sources”, OIS 9, Chicago: Oriental Institute 2013, 201-221.
Toplam 27 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Ömer Kahya Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ağustos 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2015

Kaynak Göster

Chicago Kahya, Ömer. “Sumerce Kaynaklara göre Ölüler Diyarı’nın Yeri”. Archivum Anatolicum-Anadolu Arşivleri 9, sy. 2 (Ağustos 2015): 25-46. https://doi.org/10.1501/Archv_0000000009.