Araştırma Makalesi
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Investigation of the Relationship Between Weight Bias Internalization and Negative Body Talk in Women who Regularly Exercise Considering Age and Body Mass Index Variables

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 1, 53 - 60, 31.01.2024
https://doi.org/10.53434/gbesbd.1384660

Öz

This study aims to investigate the correlation between internalized weight bias and negative body talk among women who engage in regular exercise, considering age and body mass index variables. In this context, a correlational research design, one of the quantitative research methods, was used. The study sample comprises 310 women (mean age=31.13±12.51) who exercise regularly. The data was collected using the Two-Factor Internalized Weight Bias Scale (IWBI-2F) and the Negative Body Talk Scale (NBTS). The data was analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software package. Correlation analysis investigated the relationship between the WBI-2F and NBTS subscales with body mass index variable. In addition, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to examine potential differences in the scales based on age and body mass index variables. Furthermore, a multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to identify the predictors for both scales. Upon examination of the findings, it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference between the body concerns sub-dimension of the age variable and the weight related stress sub-dimension, as well as the body examines sub-dimension of the body mass index variable. According to the results of multiple regression analysis, body concerns, and body comparison subscale scores were found to be significant predictors of stress scores. As a result, the research findings also observed that as the body mass index increases, weight related stress (a sub-dimension of WBI-2F) and body concerns (a sub-dimension of NBTS) also increase positively.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Arroyo, A. ve Harwood, J. (2012). Exploring the causes and consequences of engaging in fat talk. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 40(2), 167-187.
  • 2. Barbeau, K., Carbonneau, N. ve Pelletier, L. (2022). Family members and peers’ negative and positive body talk: How they relate to adolescent girls’ body talk and eating disorder attitudes. Body Image, 40, 213-224.
  • 3. Bayköse, N. ve Yazıcı, A. (2019). Olumsuz beden konuşmaları ölçeği’nin adolesan kız sporcular için geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(2), 102-118.
  • 4. Becker, C. B., Diedrichs, P. C., Jankowski, G. ve Werchan, C. (2013). I’m not just fat, I’m old: Has the study of body image overlooked “old talk”? Journal of Eating Disorders, 1, 6–12.
  • 5. Domoff, S. E., Tan, C. C. ve Chow, C. M. (2021). Mother daughter negative body talk as a moderator between body surveillance and body shame in adolescent girls. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 26, 941-948.
  • 6. Durso, L. E. ve Latner, J. D. (2008). Understanding self-directed stigma: development of the weight bias ınternalization scale. Obesity, S80-S86.
  • 7. Engeln-Maddox, R., Salk, R. H. ve Miller, S. A. (2012). Assessing women’s negative commentary on their own bodies: A psychometric investigation of the negative body talk scale. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 36(2), 162-178.
  • 8. Engeln, R., Sladek, M. R. ve Waldron, H. (2013). Body talk among college men: Content, correlates, and effects. Body Image, 10(3), 300-308.
  • 9. Esin, İ. ve Akgül, M. H. (2022). İki faktörlü içselleştirilmiş kilo önyargısı ölçeği: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Sivas Cumhuriyet University Journal of Sport Sciences, 3(3), 68-75.
  • 10. Fredrickson, B. L. ve Roberts, T. A. (1997) Objectification theory: Toward understanding women’s lived experiences and mental health risks. Psychol Women Q, 21(2), 173–206.
  • 11. Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E. ve Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • 12. Hart, E. ve Chow, C. M. (2020). “I just don’t want to be fat!”: body talk, body dissatisfaction, and eating disorder symptoms in mother–adolescent girl dyads. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 25, 1235-1242.
  • 13. Jankowski, G. S., Diesdrichs, P. C. ve Halliwell, E. (2014). Can appearance conversations explain differences between gay and heterosexual men’s body dissatisfaction? Psychology of Men and Masculinity, 15, 68–77.
  • 14. Jones, D. C. ve Crawford, J. K. (2005). Adolescent boys and body image: Weight and muscularity concerns as dual pathways to body dissatisfaction. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 34(6), 629-636.
  • 15. Karasar, N. (2012). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi (24.Basım). Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık.
  • 16. Kopelman, P. G. (2000). Obesity as a medical problem. Nature, 404(6778), 635–643.
  • 17. Lin, L., Flynn, M. ve O’Dell, D. (2021). Measuring positive and negative body talk in men and women: The development and validation of the body talk scale. Body Image, 37, 106-116.
  • 18. Lin, Y. C., Lin, C. Y., Saffari, M., Tsai, M. C., Chang, Y. H., Strong, C. ve Latner, J. D. (2023). Weight stigma is associated with body mass index among college students in Taiwan: the mediated role of internalized weight stigma. BMC Psychology, 11(1), 365.
  • 19. Macho, S., Andrés, A. ve Saldaña, C. (2021). Validation of the modified weight bias internalization scale in a Spanish adult population. Clinical Obesity, 11(4), e12454.
  • 20. Meadows, A. ve Higgs, S. (2019). The multifaceted nature of weight-related self-stigma: validation of the two-factor weight bias internalization scale (WBIS-2F). Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 808.
  • 21. Nichter, M. ve Vuckovic, N. (1994). Fat talk. Many mirrors: Body image among adolescent girls. N. Sualt (Ed.), Many mirrors: Body image and social relations in (pp. 109, 131). New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
  • 22. Ousley, L., Cordero, E. D. ve White, S. (2008). Fat talk among college students: How undergraduates communicate regarding food and body weight, shape, appearance. Eating Disorders, 16, 73-84.
  • 23. Payne, L. O., Martz, D. M., Tompkins, K. B., Petroff, A. B. ve Farrow, C. V. (2011). Gender comparisons of fat talk in the United Kingdom and the United States. Sex Roles, 65(7), 557-565.
  • 24. Pearl, R. L., Himmelstein, M. S., Puhl, R. M., Wadden, T. A., Wojtanowski, A. C. ve Foster, G. D. (2019). Weight bias internalization in a commercial weight management sample: prevalence and correlates. Obesity Science & Practice, 5(4), 342-353.
  • 25. Pearl, R. L., Puhl, R. M. ve Dovidio, J. F. (2014). Differential effects of weight bias experiences and internalization on exercise among women with overweight and obesity. Journal of Health Psychology, 20(12), 1626-1632.
  • 26. Puhl, R. M. ve Heuer, C. A. (2009). The stigma of obesity: A review and update. Obesity, 17(5), 941-964.
  • 27. Puhl, R. ve Brownell, K. D. (2001). Bias, discrimination, and obesity. Obesity Research, 9(12), 788-805.
  • 28. Ratcliffe, D. ve Ellison, N. (2015). Obesity and internalized weight stigma: A formulation model for an emerging psychological problem. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 43, 239-252.
  • 29. Romano, K. A., Heron, K. E., Sandoval, C. M., MacIntyre, R. I., Howard, L. M., Scott, M. ve Mason, T. B. (2022). Weight bias internalization and psychosocial, physical, and behavioral health: A meta-analysis of cross-sectional and prospective associations. Behavior Therapy, 54(3), 539-556.
  • 30. Salk, R. H. ve Engeln-Maddox, R. (2012). Fat talk among college women is both contagious and harmful. Sex Roles, 66(9), 636-645.
  • 31. Shannon, A. ve Mills, J. S. (2015). Correlates, causes, and consequences of fat talk: a review. Body Image, 15, 158-172.
  • 32. Sharpe, H., Naumann, U., Treasure, J. ve Schmidt, U. (2013). Is fat talking a causal risk factor for body dissatisfaction? Asystematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 46, 643–652.
  • 33. Smolak, L. (2004) Body image in children and adolescents: where do we go from here?. Body Image, 1(1), 15–28.
  • 34. Tan, C. C. ve Chow C. M. (2014). Weight status and depression: moderating role of fat talk between female friends. Journal Health Psychol, 19(10), 1320–1328.
  • 35. Vartanian, L. R. ve Shaprow J. G. (2008) Effects of weight stigma on exercise motivation and behavior a preliminary investigation among college-aged females. Journal of Health Psychology, 13(1), 131–138.
  • 36. Vartanian, L. R. ve Novak, S. A. (2011). Internalized societal attitudes moderate the impact of weight stigma on avoidance of exercise. Obesity, 19(4), 757-762.
  • 37. Wang, S. S., Brownell, K. D. ve Wadden, T. A. (2004). The influence of the stigma of obesity on overweight individuals. International Journal of Obesity, 28(10), 1333-1337.
  • 38. Wiseman, C. V., Gray J. J., Mosimann, J. E. ve Ahrens, A. H. (1992) Cultural expectations of thinness in women: an update. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 11(1), 85-89.
  • 39. World Health Organization: Obesity and Overweight. (2023, 10 Ekim). Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight

Düzenli Egzersiz Yapan Kadınlarda İçselleştirilmiş Kilo Önyargısı ile Olumsuz Beden Konuşmaları Arasındaki İlişkinin Yaş ve Beden Kitle İndeksi Değişkenleri Açısından İncelenmesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 1, 53 - 60, 31.01.2024
https://doi.org/10.53434/gbesbd.1384660

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, düzenli egzersiz yapan kadınlarda içselleştirilmiş kilo önyargısı ile olumsuz beden konuşmaları arasındaki ilişkinin yaş ve beden kitle indeksi değişkenleri açısından incelenmesidir. Bu kapsamda nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden olan korelasyonel araştırma deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini düzenli egzersiz yapan 310 (yaşort= 31,13±12,51) kadın oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplamak amacıyla İki Faktörlü İçselleştirilmiş Kilo Önyargısı Ölçeği (İKÖÖ-2F) ve Olumsuz Beden Konuşmaları Ölçeği (OBKÖ) kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler IBM SPSS 22 paket program kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. İKÖÖ-2F ve OBKÖ alt boyutlarının beden kitle indeksi değişkeni ile ilişkisine bakmak amacıyla korelasyon analizi yapılmıştır. Ek olarak ölçeklerin, yaş ve beden kitle indeksi değişkenine göre farklılık gösterip göstermediğini analiz etmek amacıyla tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve her iki ölçeğinde yordayıcılarını belirleyebilmek amacıyla çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Bulgular incelendiğinde, yaş değişkeninin beden endişeleri alt boyutuyla, beden kitle indeksi değişkenin de kiloyla ilişkili stres alt boyutu ve beden endişeleri alt boyutuyla istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu saptanmıştır. Çoklu regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre beden endişeleri ve beden kıyaslama alt boyutları puanlarının, stres puanlarını anlamlı bir şekilde yordadığı görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda beden kitle indeksi arttıkça; İKÖÖ-2F alt boyutu olan kiloyla ilişkili stres ve OBKÖ alt boyutu olan beden endişelerinin de pozitif yönde arttığı tespit edilmiştir.

Etik Beyan

Bu araştırma, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Etik Kuru-lu’nun 02.02.2022 tarih ve 2022/490 sayılı kararı ile etik açıdan uygun bulunmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Arroyo, A. ve Harwood, J. (2012). Exploring the causes and consequences of engaging in fat talk. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 40(2), 167-187.
  • 2. Barbeau, K., Carbonneau, N. ve Pelletier, L. (2022). Family members and peers’ negative and positive body talk: How they relate to adolescent girls’ body talk and eating disorder attitudes. Body Image, 40, 213-224.
  • 3. Bayköse, N. ve Yazıcı, A. (2019). Olumsuz beden konuşmaları ölçeği’nin adolesan kız sporcular için geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(2), 102-118.
  • 4. Becker, C. B., Diedrichs, P. C., Jankowski, G. ve Werchan, C. (2013). I’m not just fat, I’m old: Has the study of body image overlooked “old talk”? Journal of Eating Disorders, 1, 6–12.
  • 5. Domoff, S. E., Tan, C. C. ve Chow, C. M. (2021). Mother daughter negative body talk as a moderator between body surveillance and body shame in adolescent girls. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 26, 941-948.
  • 6. Durso, L. E. ve Latner, J. D. (2008). Understanding self-directed stigma: development of the weight bias ınternalization scale. Obesity, S80-S86.
  • 7. Engeln-Maddox, R., Salk, R. H. ve Miller, S. A. (2012). Assessing women’s negative commentary on their own bodies: A psychometric investigation of the negative body talk scale. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 36(2), 162-178.
  • 8. Engeln, R., Sladek, M. R. ve Waldron, H. (2013). Body talk among college men: Content, correlates, and effects. Body Image, 10(3), 300-308.
  • 9. Esin, İ. ve Akgül, M. H. (2022). İki faktörlü içselleştirilmiş kilo önyargısı ölçeği: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Sivas Cumhuriyet University Journal of Sport Sciences, 3(3), 68-75.
  • 10. Fredrickson, B. L. ve Roberts, T. A. (1997) Objectification theory: Toward understanding women’s lived experiences and mental health risks. Psychol Women Q, 21(2), 173–206.
  • 11. Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E. ve Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • 12. Hart, E. ve Chow, C. M. (2020). “I just don’t want to be fat!”: body talk, body dissatisfaction, and eating disorder symptoms in mother–adolescent girl dyads. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 25, 1235-1242.
  • 13. Jankowski, G. S., Diesdrichs, P. C. ve Halliwell, E. (2014). Can appearance conversations explain differences between gay and heterosexual men’s body dissatisfaction? Psychology of Men and Masculinity, 15, 68–77.
  • 14. Jones, D. C. ve Crawford, J. K. (2005). Adolescent boys and body image: Weight and muscularity concerns as dual pathways to body dissatisfaction. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 34(6), 629-636.
  • 15. Karasar, N. (2012). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi (24.Basım). Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık.
  • 16. Kopelman, P. G. (2000). Obesity as a medical problem. Nature, 404(6778), 635–643.
  • 17. Lin, L., Flynn, M. ve O’Dell, D. (2021). Measuring positive and negative body talk in men and women: The development and validation of the body talk scale. Body Image, 37, 106-116.
  • 18. Lin, Y. C., Lin, C. Y., Saffari, M., Tsai, M. C., Chang, Y. H., Strong, C. ve Latner, J. D. (2023). Weight stigma is associated with body mass index among college students in Taiwan: the mediated role of internalized weight stigma. BMC Psychology, 11(1), 365.
  • 19. Macho, S., Andrés, A. ve Saldaña, C. (2021). Validation of the modified weight bias internalization scale in a Spanish adult population. Clinical Obesity, 11(4), e12454.
  • 20. Meadows, A. ve Higgs, S. (2019). The multifaceted nature of weight-related self-stigma: validation of the two-factor weight bias internalization scale (WBIS-2F). Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 808.
  • 21. Nichter, M. ve Vuckovic, N. (1994). Fat talk. Many mirrors: Body image among adolescent girls. N. Sualt (Ed.), Many mirrors: Body image and social relations in (pp. 109, 131). New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
  • 22. Ousley, L., Cordero, E. D. ve White, S. (2008). Fat talk among college students: How undergraduates communicate regarding food and body weight, shape, appearance. Eating Disorders, 16, 73-84.
  • 23. Payne, L. O., Martz, D. M., Tompkins, K. B., Petroff, A. B. ve Farrow, C. V. (2011). Gender comparisons of fat talk in the United Kingdom and the United States. Sex Roles, 65(7), 557-565.
  • 24. Pearl, R. L., Himmelstein, M. S., Puhl, R. M., Wadden, T. A., Wojtanowski, A. C. ve Foster, G. D. (2019). Weight bias internalization in a commercial weight management sample: prevalence and correlates. Obesity Science & Practice, 5(4), 342-353.
  • 25. Pearl, R. L., Puhl, R. M. ve Dovidio, J. F. (2014). Differential effects of weight bias experiences and internalization on exercise among women with overweight and obesity. Journal of Health Psychology, 20(12), 1626-1632.
  • 26. Puhl, R. M. ve Heuer, C. A. (2009). The stigma of obesity: A review and update. Obesity, 17(5), 941-964.
  • 27. Puhl, R. ve Brownell, K. D. (2001). Bias, discrimination, and obesity. Obesity Research, 9(12), 788-805.
  • 28. Ratcliffe, D. ve Ellison, N. (2015). Obesity and internalized weight stigma: A formulation model for an emerging psychological problem. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 43, 239-252.
  • 29. Romano, K. A., Heron, K. E., Sandoval, C. M., MacIntyre, R. I., Howard, L. M., Scott, M. ve Mason, T. B. (2022). Weight bias internalization and psychosocial, physical, and behavioral health: A meta-analysis of cross-sectional and prospective associations. Behavior Therapy, 54(3), 539-556.
  • 30. Salk, R. H. ve Engeln-Maddox, R. (2012). Fat talk among college women is both contagious and harmful. Sex Roles, 66(9), 636-645.
  • 31. Shannon, A. ve Mills, J. S. (2015). Correlates, causes, and consequences of fat talk: a review. Body Image, 15, 158-172.
  • 32. Sharpe, H., Naumann, U., Treasure, J. ve Schmidt, U. (2013). Is fat talking a causal risk factor for body dissatisfaction? Asystematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 46, 643–652.
  • 33. Smolak, L. (2004) Body image in children and adolescents: where do we go from here?. Body Image, 1(1), 15–28.
  • 34. Tan, C. C. ve Chow C. M. (2014). Weight status and depression: moderating role of fat talk between female friends. Journal Health Psychol, 19(10), 1320–1328.
  • 35. Vartanian, L. R. ve Shaprow J. G. (2008) Effects of weight stigma on exercise motivation and behavior a preliminary investigation among college-aged females. Journal of Health Psychology, 13(1), 131–138.
  • 36. Vartanian, L. R. ve Novak, S. A. (2011). Internalized societal attitudes moderate the impact of weight stigma on avoidance of exercise. Obesity, 19(4), 757-762.
  • 37. Wang, S. S., Brownell, K. D. ve Wadden, T. A. (2004). The influence of the stigma of obesity on overweight individuals. International Journal of Obesity, 28(10), 1333-1337.
  • 38. Wiseman, C. V., Gray J. J., Mosimann, J. E. ve Ahrens, A. H. (1992) Cultural expectations of thinness in women: an update. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 11(1), 85-89.
  • 39. World Health Organization: Obesity and Overweight. (2023, 10 Ekim). Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight
Toplam 39 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Spor ve Egzersiz Psikolojisi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

İlayda Esin 0000-0001-7987-7312

Mehmet Haşim Akgül 0000-0002-4665-9615

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ocak 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Kasım 2023
Kabul Tarihi 15 Ocak 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 29 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Esin, İ., & Akgül, M. H. (2024). Investigation of the Relationship Between Weight Bias Internalization and Negative Body Talk in Women who Regularly Exercise Considering Age and Body Mass Index Variables. Gazi Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 29(1), 53-60. https://doi.org/10.53434/gbesbd.1384660

Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi yılda dört kez yayımlanan bilimsel ve hakemli bir dergidir.


Gazi Journal of Physical Education and Sports Sciences is a scientific and peer-reviewed journal published quarterly.