Sylvia Plath’in “Lady Lazarus” Eserindeki Psikolojik Alt Metinlerin Jungcu Arketip Kuramı Çerçevesinde Yeniden Yorumlanması

Year 2025, Volume: 19 Issue: 1, 235 - 246, 30.06.2025

Münevver Yakude Muştak

https://doi.org/10.47777/cankujhss.1624989

Abstract

Jung’a göre, kolektif bilinçdışındaki arketipler, psikolojik süreçlerin unsurları, evrensel semboller ve davranış kalıpları da dahil olmak üzere, içsel ve dışsal çevremize uyum sağlamamıza yardımcı olur. Edebiyat, okuyuculara kolektif bilinçdışını anlama fırsatı sunarak tüm insanlar ve toplumlar için geçerli olan evrensel sembol ve arketiplere erişim sağlar. Jung, yazarların sıklıkla bu arketipleri bilinçsizce kullanarak okuyucularla derin psikolojik düzeyde bağ kuran sanat eserleri ürettiklerini düşünüyordu. “Lady Lazarus” şiirinin bu yorumu, kolektif bilinçdışı arketiplerin, özellikle Benlik, Gölge, Anima, Animus, Kahraman ve Hilebaz figürlerinin, güçlü bir şekilde incelenmesidir. Şiirin anlatıcısı, kendi yaklaşan ölümünü kabullenmeye çalışır ve bu keşif yoluyla okuyucuya, kendi derin umutsuzluklarıyla yüzleşme ve bunu aşma yöntemlerini bulma meydan okumasında bulunur. Bu makale, şiirin Jung’un insan davranışı arketipleri ışığında edebi bir analizini yapmayı amaçlamaktadır. “Lady Lazarus”, bu arketipsel dinamiklerle ilişki kurarak, bir günah çıkarma şiirinden daha fazlası haline gelir; ruhun içindeki yıkım ve yenilenmenin döngüsel doğasını keşfetmek için bir alan haline gelir. Okuyucular, edebiyat temalarını içeren bu tür bir keşifle karmaşık kavramlar ve duygular üzerinde canlı bir şekilde düşünme imkanı bulabilirler. Şiir ile arketipler arasındaki ilişki, evrensel prototiplerin yorumlanarak edebi karakterlerin ve insan psikolojisinin daha iyi anlaşılmasına olanak tanır. Şiir, Jung’un arketip teorisi çerçevesinde incelendiğinde, okuyuculara kolektif bilinçdışıyla bağlantı kurma ve kendi içsel dünyalarına dair derin bir anlayış geliştirme olanağı sağlar. Bu durum, edebiyatın insan psikolojisi üzerindeki güçlü etkisini bir kez daha kanıtlar.

Keywords

Amerikan Edebiyatı , Carl Jung , Kolektif Bilinçdışı Arketipler , İnsan Psikolojisi , Lady Lazarus

A Jungian Archetypal Reinterpretation of the Psychological Undercurrents in Sylvia Plath’s “Lady Lazarus”

Abstract

The collective unconscious archetypes, including elements of the psychological process, universal symbols, and patterns of behavior, help us adapt to our internal and external environment. According to Jung, literature offers readers an understanding of the collective unconscious, allowing them to access universal symbols and archetypes of all people and societies. He thought authors frequently made unconscious use of these archetypes to produce works of art that connected with readers on a profound, psychological level. This interpretation of “Lady Lazarus” is a potent investigation of collective unconscious archetypes, particularly the Self, Shadow, Anima, Animus, Hero, and Trickster. The speaker struggles with her own impending doom. She challenges the reader to face their own deep despair and discover a method to overcome it by means of this exploration. This article aims to analyze the poem’s literary analysis in light of Jung’s archetypes of human behavior. By being grounded with these archetypal dynamics, “Lady Lazarus” becomes more than a confessional poem; it becomes a space for exploring the cyclical nature of destruction and renewal within the psyche. The relation between the poem and the archetypes allows readers to better understand literary characters and human psychology by remarking on universal prototypes for ideas that may be used to interpret observations. When “Lady Lazarus” is analyzed within the framework of Jung’s archetype theory, it allows readers to connect with the collective unconscious and develop an understanding of their inner worlds. This, once again, demonstrates the powerful impact of literature on human psychology.

Keywords

American Literature , Carl jung , Collective unconscious archetypes , Lady Lazarus , Human Psyche , American literature , Carl Jung , Human psyche

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